joints joints - articulation classified –extent of their function –degree of movement...

Joints Joints

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Joints Joints

Joints Joints - Articulation Classified

– Extent of their function – Degree of movement– Structure - based on the presence or

absence of joint cavity and supporting tissue.

Joints Classified by Movement

Synarthrosis - Immovable joint -generally fibrous joints.

Amphiarthrosis - Limited movement -generally cartilaginous joints.

Diarthrosis - Freely movable - generally synovial joints.

Page 4: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Fibrous Joints

Lack joint cavity Lack fibrous connective tissue Generally immovable in adults Types

– Suture– Syndesmoses– Gomphoes

Page 5: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Fibrous Joints

Suture - tight union - movement rarely occurs. Skull bones

Syndoesmoses - bones are close together but not touching, held together by collagenous fibers or ligaments. Radius & Ulna.

Gomphoses - peg and socket. Tooth

Page 6: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Suture Joint

Movable in children Immovable in adults Only in skull

Page 7: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Syndesmoses Joints

Bones close together but not touching

Held together with collagenous fibers.

Example– Inferior tibiofibular– Ulna & Radius

Page 8: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Gomphoses Joints

Fibrous joint made up of a peg and socket.

Example - teeth

Page 9: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Synarthrodial- Immovable JointFibrous

Page 10: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Cartilaginous Joints

Bones united by a plate of hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilaginous disk

Lack joint cavity Permits little or no movement Examples

– Synchondrosis - epiphyseal– Symphysis - pubis, manubriosternal,

invertebral joints

Page 11: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Cartilaginous Joints

Synchondrosis- Temporary joint composed of hyaline cartilage joining diaphysis and epiphysis.

Symphysis - Bony surfaces bridged by flattened plates and disks of fibrocartilage.

Page 12: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Amphiarthrodial - Cartilaginous Joints

Page 13: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Synovial Joints

Most of permanent joints Allows the greatest range of movement Ends of bones are covered with smooth

catilage. Lubricated and nourished by thick fluid

called synovial fluid Has a joint cavity

Page 14: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Synovial Joints - Diarthrosis4 essential structures of synovial

joints Synovial Cavity - has a space between

the two articulating bones. Articular cartilage Articular capsule - lines the synovial

cavity and outer layer of capsule. Ligaments

Page 15: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Synovial Joints

Types– Hinge– Pivot– Condyloid– Gliding– Saddle– Ball-and Socket

Page 16: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Types of synovial joints

Hinge - elbow Pivot - radioulna joint Condyloid (modified ball-and-socket)

knuckle joint except the thumb. Gliding - vertebrae, carpal and tarsal Saddle - Thumb Ball-and-socket - shoulder, hip

Page 17: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Pivot Joint

Page 18: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Condyloid Joint

Page 19: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Ellipsoidal

Page 20: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Ball and Socket

Joints

When things go Wrong!

When things go WRONG!

Arthritis - inflammation of the joint Osteoarthritis - degenerative arthritis,

wear and tear arthritis, most common. Rheumatoid arthritis - most debilitating

form of chronic arthritis, involves inflammation of the synovial membrane.

Gouty arthritis - Gout, metabolic disease resulting in needle-shape crystals

Page 23: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

When things go WRONG!

Bursitis - inflammation of one or more bursae

Dislocation - 2 articulating surfaces become separated.

Sprain - tearing of ligaments that follows the sudden wrench of a joint.

Page 24: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Fetal Surgery

Page 25: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

Power Point

Club foot (1) Flat feet 296pg (1) Bunion (1) Corns (1) Fractures 299-300 pg (11) Curvatures of spine 303-304 pg (3)

Page 26: Joints Joints - Articulation Classified –Extent of their function –Degree of movement –Structure - based on the presence or absence of joint cavity and

TEST Chapter 7,8,9 Names of bones Types of bones - long, short, etc……(pg.230) Definitions of joints - match typed of joints (pg.312) Diseases and abnormalities - definitions. Bones with features; foramen,ridges ( Worksheets) Articulations Axial and appendicular skeleton. Types of fractures - comminuted, compound,

greenstick, impacted. (pg. 299) Facts about bones!! STUDY!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!