japan-russia relation
DESCRIPTION
International Japan-Russia RelationTRANSCRIPT
OutlineHistory of Japan-Russia RelationPolitical RelationsCultural RelationsEconomic RelationsLatest News & ExpectationsConclusionQ&A Session
The beginning of Japan-Russia RelationsFirst contacts were not successfulPutiatin missionTreaty of Shimoda – first official treaty
between Russia and Japan – beginning of relations (February, 7 (25.01) 1855)
Treaty fo St. Petersburg – May, 7 (25.04) 1875
BACKGROUND. Russian Expansion into the Far EastStarted in 1860s – Tsushima Island
• Short-lived victory
BACKGROUND. Russian Expansion into the Far East
Dispute over Sakhalin
• 1875 – Japan surrenders S. in return to Kuril: 1) Russia closer to Japan 2) Search of warm ports
BACKGROUND. Triple InterventionWhat: Treaty of Shimonoseki concluded the
Sino-Japanese WarWho: Russia, France and Germany
intervened into the TreatyWhy: 1) Maintenance of the peace in the
Orient; 2) Liaodong Peninsula was given to Japan -
>>> Port Arthur;
BACKGROUND. Trans-Siberian RailwayConstruction began on 31 May, 1891 to
revitalize the Port of VladivostokMilitary necessityCassini Convention between Russia and
China granted Russia the rights to build railways in Manchuria
BACKGROUND. Port of ArthurCassini Convention: China failed to meet
economic requirements1898: 25-lease agreement of Port ArthurResult: Russia acquired the territory lost by
Japan in Sino-Japanese War
BACKGROUND. Occupation of ManchuriaBoxer Rebellion in China, 1901GB, RUS, JP, FR, US, GR troops in ManchuriaOccupation on September 30Russia placed list of demands to China for
evacuation
BACKGROUND. Conflict over Korea1899-1901: Russians occupied ManchuriaRussia interfered over Liaodong PeninsulaRussian Empire seeking warm-water port
Anxiety of Japan about Russia presence.1903: Japan tried to negotiate: Manchuria for
KoreaRussia refused to agree
6 Feb. 1904: Japan recalled ambassador8 Feb.: Japan declared war.16 Feb. 1904: Russia declared war
Declaration of WarFebruary 8, 1904: official declaration of war
by RussiaInformal declaration of war by JapanNative Manchurians joined the war on both
sides as hired troops
MAJOR BATTLES: Port Arthur
• Main battle on the next day• Result: inconclusive for both sides
Surprise attack on Russian ships on February 8, 1904
MAJOR BATTLES: Battle of Mukden• 270,000 forces each side• 90,000 Russian casualties• 70,000 Japanese casualties• 3 weeks of clashes and the withdraw of Russian troops to the North
MAJOR BATTLES: Battle of TsushimaVice-Admiral Rozhenstvenskyi vs. Admiral
TogoRussian Baltic fleet/Second Pacific Squadron
(Oct 1904-May 1905)Dogger Banks incidentVladivostokRussians lost 21 ships and 4300 sailors.
ResultsTreaty of Portsmouth
5 September 1905Japan: south Sakhalin, Korea, Port ArthurRussia: evacuate Manchuria (but no indemnity)
Casualties:Japanese dead: 80,000 (in combat 47,000; of
disease 33,000)Russian dead: 70,000Russia lost reputation as Great Power
Further after war resultsJapanese were dissatisfied with the Peace
Treaty due to the less territories received (Sakhalin, Vladivostok)
“Treaty of Portsmouth”-success for RussiaRussia did not pay reparations
GeographyThe chain of 56 islands streching 1,270 km
from Kamchatka to HokkaidoTotal area: 15,600 sq. kmPopulation: around 17,000. Russians, Ainus
and othersDisputed area: 4,640 sq. km with exclusive
economic zone of 196,000 sq.kmThe most disputed islands: Kunashiri and
Etorofu
Why it is important?Strategicly important position Natural Resources Possibility of developing different industries
Key events1855-Treaty of Shimoda 1875 –Treaty Of Saint Petersburg1905- Treaty of Porstsmouth1945- World War Two1951- San Francisco Peace Treaty 1956- The Soviet-Japanese Treaty21 century cooperation
Predictions and Expectations Exellent Cultural RelationsEconomic cooperationsPolitical doubtsTerritorial dispuets
Relations status during the various timeRe-establishing Economic Relations between
Russia and Japan after the Russo-Japanese War
The 1907 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation
Soviet Union & Japan ( almost no any economic relations)
1992 Establishment of new relations between Russian federation and Japan
Current situation Japan is ninth Russia's trading partner at
global level Russian exports to Japan (over 98% of the total
volume) consist of crude oil; LNG; oil products; unprocessed aluminum; black coal, etc.
Major imports from Japan (84.7%) are automobiles; trucks; auto parts; construction equipment; printing equipment; radio and television equipment; medical and power-generation equipment, etc.
Japan's cumulative direct investment in the Russian economy was 10.7 billion U.S. dollars (2012)
About 270 Japanese companies work successfully in the Russian market
Russia's business presence in Japan is still insignificant.
Mutual investments (1 bln $ 2012)
FUTURE Russia-Japan Investment Forum “Opening
new areas for Russian-Japanese investment cooperation (already 6th forums took place)
More forums in future directed to further development of economic cooperation.
Russian-Japanese cultural ties Russian literature in Japan
The debut of Japanese theatre in Russia
Sergey Mikhailovich Eisenstein (1898-1948) Soviet Russian film director and film theorist
The characters who influenced the culture between Russia and JapanAlexey Novikov-Priboy(1877-1944)Ethnic Russian writerThe author of well known novel“Tshushima” (in Japanese under the name "Destruction of the Baltic squadron”)Akira Kurosawa (1910-1998) Japanese film director, screenwriter, producer
The Japanese culture in RussiaArt Ikebana (| 生け花 )-is the Japanese art of flower arrangement, also known as kadō ( 花道 ) “The Way of Flowers”
The Japanese culture in RussiaTea Ceremony ( 茶の湯 ) is a
Japanese cultural activity involving the ceremonial preparation and presentation of powdered green tea, also known as chadō ( 茶道 ) “The Way of Tea”
Cultural-Humanitarian cooperationThe 8th Festival of Russian culture in Japan- Traditionally, the festival runs from January to December, and in almost all prefectures in Japan.
Cultural relationsFestival of Russian culture in JapanFirst held in 2006Music concertsArt exhibitionsBallet and folk dance perfomances
Economic relationsJapan is ninth larger importer of Russian goods (oil, gas,
metals, coal, and timber)In 2012 the trade between countries reached 33.5 billion
$Japan is top 10 investors in Russia with 10,7 billion $, 270
companies work in Russia.