ita_conference booklet 2010

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Oklahoma State University Stillwater



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ConferenceOn

Science and Engineering

OSU 2010



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Committee:

Program Chair:

Dr. Gene Halleck,Department of English

Dr. Mokhtar Al- Zuraiki, Department of English

Call For Proposal Panel:

Govindaraajan B.Y, Nidul Chandra Ghosh

AbstractApproval Panel:

Govindaraajan B.Y, Naresh B Mulpuri,Ahmed Moneeb,

Auvi Biswas, Kaji Md. Hasibur Rahman Fuad, Nidul

Chandra Ghosh, Rushd Md. Khaled Julfiker

Organization Panel:

Govindaraajan B.Y, Nidul Chandra Ghosh



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Hosted by the Department of English, Oklahoma State University

Time: Sunday, November 14, 2010, 12:00 pm - 3:00 pm

Venue: 206, MorillHall,Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK

About the conference:Each yearITA conference program is conducted by the EnglishDepartment.This conference provides a platform for OSU graduate students to exhibit theirresearch in different fields. The theme µScience & Engineering¶ facilitates students from a broadrange of research background to share their accomplishments.

Call for Proposals:The OSU School of Engineering conducts a conference session on latestdevelopments in energy production and sustainment, and in science & technology. The program

invites proposals that deal with the latest advancements in the field of energy production,scienceand technology. The proposals must have good research background and sufficient data tosupport it. The presentations will be judged by a panel of highly qualified Engineers andProfessors.

Eligibility:Graduate students with good research background are eligible to present in theconference. The papers will be selected on merit and research basis by the selection committee.

Deadline: All proposals must be submitted on or before Oct 18th 2010.

Contact: Govindaraajan B.Y([email protected]) , Nidul Chandra Ghosh

([email protected]), and Kaji Md. Hasibur Rahman Fuad

([email protected])

Instructor: Mokhtar Al- Zuraiki ([email protected])



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Index

Schedule«««««««««««.«««««««««««..5

Abstracts««.. ««««..«««««««««««««««.7

Acknowledgements««««««««..««««««««.13



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Schedule:

Sunday, November 14, 2010

11:40 ± 12:00 Registration Welcome speech12:00 ± 12:05 Auvi Biswas

Section 1: Energy (Convenor:Govindaraajan B.Y ) 12:05 ± 12:15 Wind Power

AniruddhaDas,Department of Mechanical and AerospaceEngineering

12:15 ± 12:25 Fuel Cell: An Alternative Energy Source

Kaji Md. Hasibur Rahman Fuad,Department of Mechanicaland Aerospace Engineering

12:25 ± 12:35 Hydroelectricity: An Effective Renewable Energy Source Auvi Biswas, Department of Mechanical and AerospaceEngineering

12:35 ± 12:45 Newton and EnergyGovindaraajan B.Y,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

12:45 ± 12:55 Biofuels Ahmed Moneeb,Department of Chemistry

12:55 ± 1:05 Geothermal EnergyM.R. Veera Malayappan,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

1:05 ± 1:10 BREAK

Section 2: Science& Technology (Convenor: Nidul Chandra Ghosh) 1:10 ± 1:20 Solar Roadways

Nidul Chandra Ghosh,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.

1:20 - 1:30 Chemical Reactor ± TypesUpasana Manimegalai Sridhar,Department of ChemicalEngineering

1:30 - 1:40 Space PenRushd Md. Khaled Julfiker,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.

1:40 - 1:50 Heat Transfer Naresh B Mulpuri,Department of Chemistry



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1:50 ± 2:00 BREAK 2:00-2:10 Turbochargers and Its Working:

Manojkumar Selvakumar, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

2:10-2:20 Sensor Based Controlling of Chemical Mechanical

Planarization (CMP) processes Beyca, Omer Faruk

2:20-2:30 Introduction to PulleyMingxian Su, Physics Department

2:30-2:40 D NA CloningXiaotong Chen,Department of microbiology



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Abstracts

Section 1:

Wind Power

AniruddhaDas,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Wind power is a renewable source of energy. Like all other renewable sources of energy,

the main source of this energy is the sun. Wind flows due to the solar energy and the

rotational motion of the earth. A wind turbine obtains its power input by converting the

force of the wind into torque (turning force) acting on the rotor blades. The efficiency of

wind turbine depends on the design of a windmill. The demand of wind turbine

increases due to its low cost and growing interest in renewable sources of energy. Wind

energy can solve un-employment problem .Although it has a few disadvantages but it

will become a viable source of energy in future to create job opportunities.

Fuel Cell: An Alternative Energy Source

Kaji Md. Hasibur Rahman Fuad,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Fuel cell is an emerging energy source as people are searching for alternatives to the

fossil fuels. In this lecture I will first explain the fuel cell, its different parts and its

operation. Afterwards I will depict its application in Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV). I will also

discuss the benefits and challenges in using fuel cell. So all together the outline of my

presentation is: 1) Definition of Fuel Cell; 2) Its Working Principle; 3) Its application in

FCV; 4) Benefits and Challenges.

Hydroelectricity: An Effective Renewable Energy Source

Auvi Biswas, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the

production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or

flowing water. Most hydroelectric power comes from the potential energy of dammed

water driving a water turbine and generator. The power extracted from the water

depends on the volume and on the difference in height between the source and the

water's outflow. The major advantages of hydroelectricity are elimination of the cost of

fuel, having longer economic lives than fuel-fired generation, low construction cost, less

production of CO2 etc. Although hydroelectric power plants have the drawbacks of

damaging ecosystem, flow shortage in rivers, methane emissions and failure hazard,

compared to other methods of power generation, it has been proven to be more efficient

and effective.



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Newton and Energy

Govindaraajan B.Y,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

The topic of my presentation is The Three Laws of Motion and how it is implied in the

field of power production. The laws of motion are used in all fields of science and also in

our day to day life. My presentation will give a clear definition and explanation about

the three laws of motion and how they are implied in the working process of a steam

turbine in production of power. The construction of steam turbine is explained and its

working principle is explained with the three laws of motion.

Biofuels

Ahmed Moneeb, Department of Chemistry

Bioifuels are one of the most promising resources of renewable energies because it can

be used as cheap and clean alternatives of fossil fuels. By understanding the chemicalprinciples of conversion processes of wide range of biomass materials to high

performance biofuels like bioethanol and biodiesel, the scientists could develop efficient

technologies of biofuels production. In addition the positive economic effect, using non-

petroleum fuels can play a crucial role in reducing global carbon emissions which is the

main cause of highly concerned phenomenon of global warming.

Geothermal Energy

M.R. Veera Malayappan,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

In Order to survive the fast paced growth which the world has attained, a search forsustainable development has become inevitable. The answer for the quest lies in finding

a potential source of energy which can be harnessed as long as the world exists. One

such potential source of power is Geothermal Power. In this Presentation I¶m going to

speak about Geothermal Energy, the Principle behind the Production of Geothermal

Energy, Its potential advantages and production zones in the US.



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Section 2:

Solar Roadways

Nidul Chandra Ghosh,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Solar roadways are the roads which functions both as road and energy collectors. These

are series of solar panels on which car and trucks can drive on. Solar roadways are

consisted of 3 different layers, 1) road surface layer, 2) electronic layer and 3) base plate

layer. Road surface layer is made of glass and it has to carry the loads of trucks and cars

on it. Electronic layer consists of solar panels and LED's and base plate layer is used to

distribute the power that already been produced by the solar panels. If we convert our

normal asphalt roadways into solar roadways there will be less pollution, less global

warming, no ice or snow accumulation on roadways and it enables us to use electrical

vehicle which has a lower cost. Most importantly Solar roadway will act as an intelligent

highway where the roads will pay for themselves.

Chemical Reactor ± Types

Upasana Manimegalai Sridhar,Department of Chemical Engineering

Chemical Reactors are the vessels designed to contain Chemical Reaction- a process that

leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. There are

various types of Chemical Reactors. On a broad classification Chemical Reactors are

classified into Batch Reactors and Continuous Flow Reactors. There is no continuous

flow in and out of reactants and products during the course of reaction in a Batch

Reactor unlike Continuous Flow Reactor. Continuous Flow Reactors are furtherclassified into Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), Plug Flow Reactor (PFR) and

Packed Bed Reactor (PBR). CSTR are same as Batch Reactors in terms of having tank,

agitator and cooling/heating jacket but the only difference is continuous inflow and

outflow of reactants and products are seen in CSTR and not in Batch. PFR is a tube with

collection of equal sized plugs each of which act as a Batch Reactor with continuous

inflow and outflow. PBR is same as PFR but has packing in the tube to help in increased

contact of the reactants with each other. The presentation in all will reveal all these

aspects along with pictures to have a better understanding of the concept.



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Space Pen

Rushd Md. Khaled Julfiker,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

In the seventies when the 'Race for Space' was being fought, astronauts used pencils in

the spaceships for writing. But the lead of these pencils could easily break off causing a

dangerous situation in the gravity less space cabin. Fisher Pen Co. then developed the

Space Pen which use a special kind of ink pressurized in a reservoir, which enables the

pen to write in gravity less and many other extreme conditions. This presentation briefly

shows the how the space pen was originated, its features, how does it work and where it

is being used.

Heat Transfer

Naresh B Mulpuri,Department of Chemistry

Heat is a form of energy and Heat Transfer is movement of thermal energy from oneplace to another. When an object is at different temperature from its surroundings, heat

transfer occurs so that the body and the surrounding reach at the same temperature.

Heat transfer methodologies are used in automotive engineering, chemical engineering,

climate control, power plant engineering etc. In my presentation I will explain the three

modes of Heat Transfer conduction, convection and radiation followed by a couple of

examples.

Turbochargers and Its Working:

Manojkumar Selvakumar,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

When people talk about race cars or high-performance sports cars, the topic of

turbochargers usually comes up. Turbochargers also appear on large diesel engines. A

turbo can significantly boost an engine's horsepower without significantly increasing its

weight, which is the huge benefit that makes turbocharger so popular!

In this article, we'll learn how a turbocharger increases the power output of an engine

while surviving extreme operating conditions. Turbochargers are a type of forced

induction system. They compress the air flowing into the engine (see How Car Engines

Work for a description of airflow in a normal engine). The advantage of compressing the

air is that it lets the engine squeeze more air into a cylinder, and more air means thatmore fuel can be added. Therefore, you get more power from each explosion in each

cylinder. A turbocharged engine produces more power overall than the same engine

without the charging.



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In order to achieve this boost, the turbocharger uses the exhaust flow from the engine to

spin a turbine, which in turn spins an air pump. The turbine in the turbocharger spins at

speeds of up to 150,000 rotations per minute (rpm) -- that's about 30 times faster than

most car engines can go. And since it is hooked up to the exhaust, the temperatures in

the turbine are also very high.

Early manufacturers of turbochargers referred to them as "turbo superchargers". A

supercharger is an air compressor used for forced induction of an engine. Logically then,

adding a turbine to turn the supercharger would yield a "turbosupercharger". However,

the term was soon shortened to "turbocharger". This is now a source of confusion, as the

term "turbosupercharged" is sometimes used to refer to an engine that uses both a

crankshaft-driven supercharger and an exhaust-driven turbocharger, often referred to

as twincharging.

Sensor Based Controlling of Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP)

processes

Beyca, Omer Faruk

ChemicalMechanical Planarization (CMP) process has been widely used in the

semiconductor manufacturing industry for realizing highly polished (Ra ~ 1 nm) and

planar (Within wafer non-uniformity (WIWNU) ~ 1%, thickness standard deviation ~ 3

nm) surfaces of an in-process wafer. An important performance parameter of a CMP

process is the material removal rate (MRR), which determines the productivity and the

end point of the process. This paper presents a method that integrates statistical

analysis and sensor-based dynamic modeling to estimate and predict process state

variables, and therewith predict End-Point. Vibration signals from accelerometer

sensors are adopted in the experiment study conducted on a LapMaster 12 bench top

lapping machine to capture the process states that are related to MRR using design of

experiments and statistical regression analysis. Sensor based modeling integrated with

statistical methods is used to determine End-Point of CMP process

Introduction to Pulley

Mingxian Su, Physics Department

Many machines are invented in human history. They are very important to human living

and developing. Actually most machines are made up of simple machine elements, such

as levers, gears, wheels and pulley. Here pulley is introduced since it is not as well

known as others.



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This presentation firstly claims the definition of pulley. Then two kinds of pulley are

detailed talked: fixed pulley has a fixed axle and is used to redirect the force in a rope;

movable pulley has a free axle and is used to transform forces. Using two kinds of basic

pulleys, pulley systems can be constructed for many purposes. Sequentially a detailed

example was showed to give sense of the usage of pulley systems. Finally the limit of

pulleys¶ efficiency was pointed out in existence of frictional force.

D NA Cloning

Xiaotong Chen,Department of microbiology

As the study of DNA developing rapidly,DNA cloning has become a widespread method.

DNA cloning is a technique to reproduce DNA fragments. It can be achieved by two

different approaches: (1) cell based, and (2)PCR. This time we are just going to talk

about the cell based technology.

In the cell-based approach, a vector is required to carry the DNA fragment of interestinto the host cell. We usually use plasmid as the vector which is a ringlikeDNA found in

bacteria.

The procedure of theDNA cloning is as follows:

(a) DNA recombination. The DNA fragment to be cloned is inserted into a vector

(which is a plasmid). The recombinant vector must also contain an antibiotic-

resistancegene.

(b) Transformation. The recombinant DNA enters into the host cell and proliferates.

Normal E. coli cells are difficult to take up plasmid DNA from the medium. If they are treated with CaCl2, the transformation efficiency can be significantly enhanced.

(c) Selective amplification. A specific antibiotic is added to kill E. coli without any

protection. The transformed E. coli is protected by the antibiotic-resistance gene

whose product can inactivate the specific antibiotic. In this figure, the numbers of

vectors in each E. coli cell are not the same, because they may also reproduce

independently.



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Acknowledgements

We convey our gratitude to instructor Mokhtar Al- Zuraiki, and the EnglishDepartment

of Oklahoma State University.

We would also like to thank all the speakers:

Kaji Md. Hasibur Rahman Fuad

Auvi Biswas

AnirudhaDas

Ahmed Moneeb

M.R. Veera Malayappan

Govindaraajan B.Y.

Nidul Chandra Ghosh

Upasana Manimegalai Sridhar

Rushd Md. Khaled Julfiker

Naresh B Mulpuri

Manojkumar Selvakumar

Omer Faruk Beyca

Mingxian Su

Xiaotong Chen

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