ipk-writing2- modul1

8/4/2019 IPK-Writing2- Modul1

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WRITING 2

IKHSAN PUTRAKURNIAWAN

Modul 1


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Goals

Describing things

Notes about offering and invitation

Opinion about someone


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Contents

Part A

Grammar: Adverbials

Writing: Describing things

Part B

Grammar: Offer and Invitation

Writing: Offer and Invitation

Part CGrammar: Used to

Writing: Opinion about someone


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Part A

Grammar:

Adverbials

Writing:

Describing things


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Adverbials

Adverb,Adverb Phrase,Preposition Phrase

Verb/Object + Adverbial

Adverbials of manner(how), place(where) andtime(when)

Order: adverbials of manner, place, time


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1. Adverbial is an adverb

She is smiling sweetly.

My father walks quitely.


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2. Adverbial of manner, place,time

Sodiq drives carelessly.

Risha walked with great effort to reach thewhiteboard.

Lani found a piece of paper near the body.

Deni was crying on his dead mom.

Paidjo died in 2001.

The new building will be opened soon.


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3. Adverbials of manner,place,time

Verb + Adverbials of manner, place, time

Medina came immediately.

Medina is singing on the stage.

Medina is singing now.

If there is an object, put Adverbials after theobject

Mujahid reads the novel enthusiastically.Khalid is listening to the songs in the bedroom.

Humaizi returned my book yesterday.


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3. Adverbials of manner,place,time

If more than one adverbials:

Manner -> place -> time

Didin delivered his speech confidently in the

party last night.


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4. Adverbials of frequency,

probability and duration

Put it before verb

The letter occasionally comes late.

I have already paid the school fee.

Adverbs of degree (before Verb)

She really wanted to come.


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5. Different location ofadverbials

To emphasize about adverb. Slowly, the Titanic sank.

In September 11, 2001, the WTC buildings were

hit by two airplanes. The order of Adverbials of manner -> place ->

time can be changed (to emphasize)Umi delivered her speech confidently in the

party last night. Last night, Umi delivered her speech

confidently in the party.


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Writing: Describing things

Made in (country)

Made in Indonesia, Made in England, Made inHongkong, etc.

Made by (person)

Made by Dewi, Made by Apri, Made by Stenly, etc.

Made of (one material)

Ade of wood, Made of iron, Made of lime, Made ofSteel, etc.

Made from (more then one)

Made from flour, eggs, milk, cheese, and butter.


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Describing things

Vacuum cleaner.

Vacuum cleaner is ade from plastic, iron, andother metals. The shape comes in varies. The

simplest one is like a bar of iron but it has ahole in the edge to the vacuum the dust. Weusually find the bigger ones at hotels orbuildings. The shape, of course, is different

from the simplest one. The bigger one is like atube and it has a long hose to vacuum thedust. At the end of the hose, there is a broom.It looks like the elephants trunk.


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Part B

Grammar:

Offer and Invitation

Writing:



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Suggestion

1. Could

2. Shall we

3. You might

4. What about

5. How about

6. Why dont

7. Lets


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1. Could

To suggest someone to do something:

You could turn the TV on.

They could have a party.

Negative form Couldnt means to suggestsomeone to do something.

Couldnt you stop smoking?

Couldnt she do it quitely?


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2. Shall we

To suggest someone to do it together with us.

Shall we start now?

Shall we change the topic?

Shall I: to do it by yourself.

Shall I call your mother?

Shall I write your name on the top of the page?


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3. You might

You might + like/want = formal suggestion

You might want to have another soup

Another form: It might be + Noun/Adj./to inf.

It might be a good idea to go shopping.

It might be happy to have a new car.


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4. What about or how about

+ing

What about singing foksongs?

How about reading a novel?


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5. Why dont

+ infinitive(V1)

Why dont you talk to her directly?

Why dont they submit the homework?


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6. Lets

Lets(Let us) + infinitive(V1)

Lets see Mr. Apri in the restaurant.

Lets go camping.


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1. Would you like

2. Can I or Could I

3. You have

4. Other forms


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1. Would you like

To offer or invite someone to do something.

Would you like smomething to drink?

Would you like to spell your name, please?

Will you (informal form) I know Lani very well. So I say Will you have

another coffee?

Will ou come to my party, Lani?


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2. Can I or Could I

To offer something to someone

Could I (more formal), Can I (less formal)

Coud I help you with the menu, madam?

Can I carry your bag?

Shall I to offer something that we believehe/she will accept it.

Shall I open the window?Shall I fill the form for you, sir?


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3. You have

To inivite someone persuasively.

You have to come before dinner.

You have to see your teacher for she is in the

hospital now.


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4. Other form of offer and invitation

Without modal:

Let me, to offer something

Let me send the letter.

Let me wash your car.

In informal form: imperative

Have a drink.

Come and see me.


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4. Other form of offer and invitation

Do + Verb, to emphasize

Do come.

Do have a beer.

Why dont you or How aboutWhy dont you come to my house?

How about ordering rendang?


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Part C

Grammar:

Used to

Writing:



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Grammar: Used to

Something that happened regularly in the pastbut no longer happens.

1. S + Used to + inf.(V1)

2. S + Used to + adj./adv./noun


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S + Used to + inf.(V1)

Positive form: S + Used to + inf.(V1)

I used to smoke.

Hasan used to drive a taxi.

They used to play card.

Negative form: S + did not + use to + inf.(V1)

I did not use to wake up early in the morning.

(Now I always wake up early) Interrogative form: Did + S + use to + inf.(V1)?

Did you use to work with computer?


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S + Used to + adj./adv./noun

Imperative form:

Did + S + use to + be +adj./adv./noun?

Did you use to be a pilot?


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Used to

If the activity is still happens, eventhough it isnot frequently, used to can not be used.

When I was in college I smoked. Now, I only

smoke when I hang around with my college-mates.

W iti O i i b t


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Writing: Opinion aboutsomeone

My lecturers name is Ms. Flora

I like my lecturer very much, She teachesgrammar. She is a lovely person, patient and

well communicated. She dresses beautifully tothe class. She always greets the students in agood manner. If we have a problem, she isalways ready to discuss it. She never getsangry. She is fair in marking our exams. Its

nice to be her student.


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HomeWork

Describing things

Notes about offering and invitation



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Modal

CanCouldMay

MightMustOught toShallShould

WillWould

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