Inventions and Inventions and InnovationInnovation

Protecting Protecting Intellectual Intellectual

PropertyProperty

InventionsInventions• January 7, 1930, Montreal

Canadien great Howie Morenz rings a shot off Clint Benedict's nose and cheekbone, the goalie for cross-town rival Montreal Maroons

• This shot would cause Benedict to

don a makeshift facemask based on either a football face guard or one worn by that of sparring boxers

• Benedict found that the large protective nose piece impaired his vision, so after two games, he gave it up

• Benedict' experiment was not Benedict' experiment was not recorded as the first goalie mask in recorded as the first goalie mask in historyhistory

• That moment came nearly thirty That moment came nearly thirty

years later on November 1, 1959 years later on November 1, 1959 after New York Ranger Andy after New York Ranger Andy Bathgate hit Montreal Canadien Bathgate hit Montreal Canadien goalie Jacques Plante with a shot goalie Jacques Plante with a shot off the faceoff the face

• Plante would leave the game to get Plante would leave the game to get

stitched up and later return stitched up and later return wearing a mask he had made wearing a mask he had made himself for practiceshimself for practices

• Plante won the game. This was the Plante won the game. This was the

birth of the goalie mask. birth of the goalie mask.

InventionsInventions

InventionsInventions• An An Invention is the creation of something

new• An Inventor “comes upon” a new ideaAn Inventor “comes upon” a new idea• Inventions happen because someone

takes the time to look for a solution to a problem such as the fiberglass goalie mask

• Some Inventions happen by accident Some Inventions happen by accident such as such as Silly Putty, discovered when trying to invent synthetic rubber

InnovationsInnovations• Ruth Wakefield prepared the Ruth Wakefield prepared the

recipes for the meals served to recipes for the meals served to the guests at the Inn and gained the guests at the Inn and gained local notoriety for her deserts. local notoriety for her deserts.

• One of her favorite recipes was One of her favorite recipes was for Butter Drop Do cookies. for Butter Drop Do cookies.

• The recipe called for the use of The recipe called for the use of baker's chocolate and one day baker's chocolate and one day Ruth found herself without the Ruth found herself without the needed ingredient. needed ingredient.

• She substituted a semi-sweet She substituted a semi-sweet chocolate bar cut up into bits.chocolate bar cut up into bits.

• However, unlike the baker's However, unlike the baker's chocolate the chopped up chocolate the chopped up chocolate bar did not melt chocolate bar did not melt completely, the small pieces completely, the small pieces only softened. only softened.

InnovationsInnovations• An innovation is a change in something An innovation is a change in something

that already existsthat already exists• For innovations to occur, something For innovations to occur, something

more than the generation of a creative more than the generation of a creative idea or insight is requiredidea or insight is required

• The insight must be put into action to The insight must be put into action to make a genuine difference, resulting in make a genuine difference, resulting in new or altered products and services new or altered products and services

• Innovations sometimes happen by Innovations sometimes happen by accident and sometimes by designaccident and sometimes by design

• Most new ideas begin with a what if… Most new ideas begin with a what if… question.question.

Protecting Your Protecting Your IdeasIdeas

In Canada there are laws that protect In Canada there are laws that protect intellectual propertyintellectual property

Laws and Regulations

Once you have come up with an idea, Once you have come up with an idea, invention, or innovation, you should invention, or innovation, you should

protect itprotect it

There are a number of ways to do soThere are a number of ways to do so

CopyrightCopyrightTrademarksTrademarks PatentsPatents

Industrial DesignsIndustrial DesignsIntegrated Circuit Topographies

Types Of Intellectual Types Of Intellectual PropertyProperty

CopyrightsCopyrightsCopyright applies to Copyright applies to all original literary, all original literary,

artistic, dramatic and artistic, dramatic and musical works, musical works,

including computer including computer programsprograms

Gives the creator the Gives the creator the sole right to produce sole right to produce

or reproduce a work or or reproduce a work or a substantial part of it a substantial part of it

in any formin any form

CopyrightsCopyrightsCopyright also protects Copyright also protects

performances and performances and sound recordingssound recordings

By law all Canadians By law all Canadians hold the copyright to hold the copyright to

any original work they any original work they created unless they created unless they

were hired or employed were hired or employed to create itto create it

Generally, copyright Generally, copyright protection lasts for the protection lasts for the life of the author plus life of the author plus

fifty yearsfifty years

Trademarks and Registered Trademarks and Registered TrademarksTrademarks

A trademark is a A trademark is a word, phrase, symbol word, phrase, symbol

or design, or a or design, or a combination of words, combination of words, phrases, symbols or phrases, symbols or

designs, that identify designs, that identify and distinguish the and distinguish the source of goods of source of goods of

one party from those one party from those of othersof others

Trademarks and Registered Trademarks and Registered TrademarksTrademarks

Over time a trademark comes to Over time a trademark comes to signify a certain measure of quality in signify a certain measure of quality in

the particular good or service or the particular good or service or organization organization

Trademarks can therefore be used as Trademarks can therefore be used as an effective marketing toolan effective marketing tool

Trade-mark registration gives one the Trade-mark registration gives one the exclusive right to use the mark across exclusive right to use the mark across Canada for fifteen years, renewable Canada for fifteen years, renewable

every fifteen years thereafterevery fifteen years thereafter

Trademarks and Registered Trademarks and Registered TrademarksTrademarks

The appropriate symbol to use for The appropriate symbol to use for marks that have not yet been registered marks that have not yet been registered is the TM symbol or the word Trademark is the TM symbol or the word Trademark

The TM symbol puts others on notice The TM symbol puts others on notice that you claim ownership rights in the that you claim ownership rights in the

markmark

Once your mark is registered, you can Once your mark is registered, you can use the ® symbol. use the ® symbol.

Composite Mark

A trademark consisting of a logo

and one or more words

Design Design MarkMark

A A trademark trademark consisting consisting

of a of a graphic, graphic, such as a such as a

logo logo

Word Mark

A trademark consisting of words or a phrase. Word

marks can be styalized to make

them more distinctive.

Types of Types of TrademarksTrademarks

Trade Dress

The appearance of a product or its packaging that

distinguishes the product in the

marketplace and indicates its

unique origin.

Types of Types of TrademarksTrademarks

PatentsPatents• Patents are granted for inventions Patents are granted for inventions

which must be novel (first in the which must be novel (first in the world), useful (functional and world), useful (functional and operative) and non-obvious to operative) and non-obvious to someone skilled in the art (inventive someone skilled in the art (inventive ingenuity).ingenuity).

• A patent gives the inventor the right to A patent gives the inventor the right to exclude others from making, using, or exclude others from making, using, or selling their invention for twenty years selling their invention for twenty years from the date of filing the patent from the date of filing the patent application application

Industrial Design Industrial Design ActAct

• An industrial design is anything made by hand, tool, or machine that has distinctive features such as a shape of a chair or the decoration on the handle of a spoon.

• Once the design is registered, the designer (called a proprietor) has exclusive rights to the design for 10 years.

Integrated Circuit Integrated Circuit Topography ActTopography Act

• ICTICT are electronic integrated circuits or are electronic integrated circuits or IC products that are configured and IC products that are configured and interconnected.interconnected.

• The act gives the creator exclusive The act gives the creator exclusive rights for a period of ten years after rights for a period of ten years after registration.registration.

• These products are often exported These products are often exported outside of Canada, outside of Canada,

• Canada has reciprocal agreements Canada has reciprocal agreements with other countries that also protect with other countries that also protect the design for 10 years.the design for 10 years.