introduction to computer submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m abhijeet.g ankit.j abhay.j sec:a pgdm sem...
TRANSCRIPT
SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM
Introduction to computer
Submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m
Abhijeet.g Ankit.j
abhay.j
SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM
CONTENT
• WHAT IS COMPUTER?• WHY COMPUTER?• COMPUTER COMPONENT• DATA & INFORMATION• INPUT DEVICES• OUTPUT DEVICES• TYPES OF COMPUTER
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WHAT IS COMPUTER ?
• A computer is an electronic machine or device executing the instruction in a program .
• A computer can accept data, manipulate or process the data, produce result, and store the results.
COMPUTER
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What is computer ?
• A computer is an automatic electronic apparatus used for making calculations or controlling operations that are expressible in numerical or logical terminology.
• In other words a computer is defined as a electronic device used to carry out mathematical and non- mathematical operations with the help of the programs.
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Contd……………….
A program is a sequence of instruction which
operates on data to perform certain task.
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Why computer ?
Today we are living in the age of MACHINE AND TIME. When we work manually, it takes a lot of time and in order to save this time we need computers.
To save time & better performance.To avoid errors/mistakes.To get the output as hardcopy(print out) and
soft copy in desired format.
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cont
To store huge amount of data easily & conveniently.
To establish a fast communication of data/ information.
To minimize the redundancy of data.
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Computer component
Output devices
Output devices Input devices
Storage unit
System unit
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DATA &INFORMATION
Data
Computer
+program
Information
•Data Raw facts, figures and symbols.
•Information organized,meaningful,and more useful
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Input devices
To get data and instructions into the computer.
• Keyboard• Mouse• Micro phone(audio data)• PC camera(video data)• Scanner(image input)
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Output devices
Monitor
Printer
Speaker
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monitor
• Monitor : It is a piece of electronic equipment which display images generated by computer devices.
• Classification of monitor based on colourI. Monochrome II. Gray scaleIII. Colour.
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Contd………………….
• Based on signals:I. Digital monitor
ex : score board in cricket matchII. Analog monitor ex: monitor based on CRT
technology.
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printer
• Impact printer: Impact printer use the familiar
typewriter approach which cause hammer or pins to strike against a ribbon and paper to print the text, type of impact printer are
I. character printersII. Line printer
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Contd………
• Non impact printer: These printer use non-
impact technology such as ink-jet or laser technology. These printer provides better quality of output at higher speed , type of non-impact printer are
I. Character printerII. Page printer
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Types of computer
According to data processing
mode/logic/manufacturing principle
Analog
DigitalHybrid
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According to the data processing
mode/logic/manufacturing principle
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.
Analog computer:- These computer are used for measuring
purpose rather than counting. Analog computers deal with continuous data. They are used for measurement of a physical quantity. The output readings of these computer are generally on dials or graphs.
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• Analog computer process physical data to mathematical equations.
• They are mostly used for differential equations.
• The accuracy of analog computer is very high.• Example:- In petrol pump, Automobile
speedometers.
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Digital computers:-
• Digital computers operates on discrete data values. These values are countable instead of measurable
• Digital computer performs each and every operations in the form of binary words(string of zeros and ones).
• These are high speed programmable electronic devices that perform arithmetical, logical operations and store the results.
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Cont…………….
• Digital computer are most widely used computer in the world.
• Example: personal computers(pc) score board in the cricket match.
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TYPES OF DIGITAL COMPUTER:
• General purpose digital computers: ex: Accounting banking, payroll.
• Special purpose digital computers: ex: American atomic submarines.
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HYBRID COMPUTERS:
• Digital computer are made by combining the best features of digital computers as well as analog computer.
• The digital computer gives better accuracy and analog computer gives better speed, therefore the hybrid computer includes both features, speed and accuracy.
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Contd………….
• These computers are extensively used for those applications in which the input is received in analog form from various resources and converted in to digital form for further processing.
• Example: In the ICU, of a hospital
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types of computer
According to size/function/
cost
Micro
Mini
Mainframe
Super
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ACCORDING TO SIZE\FUNCTION\COST
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MICRO COMPUTER
• A micro computer is the cheapest and the smallest of all the computers.
• A micro computer has a microprocessor chip as its CPU, these microprocessor are programmed at the time of manufacturing and are connected to the peripheral devices.
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CONTD……………..
• A microprocessor is a digital device which has millions of logical circuit, these circuit are made up of transistors these transistors are mounted on very thin semiconductor silicon chips
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MINI COMPUTER
• Mini computer are general purpose computers whose storage capacity is more than micro computer.
• In size these are larger than microcomputer but smaller than mainframe computer.
• Mini computer are generally used where large number of people have to work on different terminals having same job, such as statistical analysis, telephone or electricity billing.
• Some example of mini computers are HONEYWELL,PDPII/70.
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MAINFRAME COMPUTER
• Mainframe computer are also called as mini computer. These are very large computers in size.
• The memory size of these computer is 16GB or even more.
• The cost of mainframe computers varies from 10lahks to crores.
• Some organizations where the mainframe computer are installed are IITs, BHEL etc.
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Super computer
• Super computer also known as maxi computer.• These computer are the most sophisticated
machines used for special purpose applications such as weather forecasting, missile, atomic experiments.
• The speed of super computer is measured in billions instructions per seconds(BIPS).
• Super computer contains a number of CPUs which operates in parallel to make it faster.
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THANK YOU