Committee : Security Council

Issue : Threats to international peace and security caused by terrorist acts

President Chair : Mehmet Oğuz Alpkan

E-mail : memoxalpkan@gmail.com

Introduction:

The Internal Peace is threatened by terrorist acts for a longtime. There are many

countries who suffer from terrorism attacks all around the world. According to Cambridge

dictionary terrorism is threats of violent action for political purposes. Terrorism become a

huge issue since the new era. There have been roughly recorded 50.000 terrorist attacks in the

past 5 years. With the all casualties combined it is well over a million people. As being the

Security who is responsible for taking the lead in determining the existence of a threat to the

peace or an act of aggression, we call upon the parties to a dispute to settle it by peaceful

means and recommends methods of adjustment or terms of settlement.

The reality is that a little variety of countries suffer disproportionately. On the idea of

the IEP’s definition of terrorist act – hot violence by non-state actors designed to intimidate

or coerce others, or in pursuit of a political, economic, spiritual or social goal – more than

seventy two of terrorist deaths last year occurred in only 5 countries, and though there have

been 274 proverbial teams that distributed terrorist attacks, simply four of them (Islamic State

/ ISIS, Boko Haram, the Taliban and Al Qaeda) were responsible for seventy four of all

deaths.

Background Information:

Terrorism isn't a twenty first century phenomenon and has its roots in early resistance

and political movements. The Sicarii were an early Jewish terrorist organisation supported

within the 1st century AD with the goal of overthrowing the Romans within the Middle East.

Judas of geographical area, leader of the Zealots and a key influence on the Sicarii, believed

that the Jews ought to be dominated by God alone which armed resistance was necessary.

Unlike the Zealots, the Sicarii targeted alternative Jews they believed to be collaborators or

traitors to the cause. The ways used by the Sicarii were careful by the student Flavius

Josephus around 50AD: "they would mingle with the crowd, carrying short daggers hid

underneath their vesture, with that they injured their enemies. Then once they fell, the

murderers would take part the cries of indignation and, through this plausible behavior,

avoided discovery.

Maybe the worst terrorist attack so far is Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

which started to WW1 and resulting in about 40 million deaths. The shooting acted as a

trigger, metastasizing from a Balkan crossway into a continental crisis by releasing pent-up

tension between rival blocs of nice European Powers: the Austro-Hungarian Empire and

Deutschland on one facet and France, Russia and nice United Kingdom on the opposite.

The name of the gunman was Gavrilo Princip, his forename which means Gabriel in his

mother tongue, Serbian. His mother had wished to decision him Spiro when her late brother,

however the native priest intervened locution the boy ought to be name when the Archangel

Gabriel.

Timeline of Events:

11 September 2001

11 SEPTEMBER ATTACKS

19 terrorists from al-Qaeda, hijacked four commercial airplanes, deliberately crashing two

of the planes into the upper floors of the North and South towers of the World Trade Centre

complex and a third plane into the Pentagon in Arlington.

23 October 2002

PODSHIPNIKOV ZAVOD THEATRE HOSTAGE

CRISIS, MOSCOW

The Moscow theatre hostage crisis was the seizure of a crowded Dubrovka Theatre by 40

to 50 armed Chechens on 23 October 2002 that involved 850 hostages and ended with the

death of at least 170 people.

28 July 2004

BOMBING IN BAQUBAH, IRAQ

The 2004 Baqubah bombing occurred next to a local market and a police station on 28 July

2004, in Baquba, Diyala Governorate in Iraq, targeting civilians that were lined up waiting

to sign up as police volunteers.

11 July 2005

MUMBAI RAILWAY BOMBINGS

The Mumbai railway bombings were a series of seven bomb blasts that took place over a

period of 11 minutes on the Suburban Railway in Mumbai, the capital of the Indian state of

Maharashtra and the nation's financial capital.

1 March 2013

KUNMING MASS STABBING

A gang of eight knife wielding attackers left 29 people dead and many more injured at

Kunming railway station in Yunnan province, south-west China.

14 April 2014

CHIBOK SCHOOLGIRLS KIDNAPPING

On the night of 14-15th April 2014, 276 female students (aged 16-18) were kidnapped from

the Government Secondary School in Chibok, Nigeria.

10 October 2015

ANKARA BOMBINGS

The death toll of 103 civilians outside Ankara Central railway station on 10 October was

the deadliest terror attack in Turkey’s history.

13 November 2015

PARIS ATTACKS

Three suicide bombers struck near the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, followed by suicide

bombings and mass shootings at cafés, restaurants and a music venue in central Paris.

22 March 2016

BRUSSELS BOMBING

On the morning of 22 March 2016, three coordinated nail bombings occurred in Belgium:

two at Brussels Airport in Zaventem, and one at Maalbeek metro station in Brussels.

12 June 2016

ORLANDO NIGHTCLUB SHOOTING

On 12 June 2016, Omar Mateen, committed a terrorist attack/hate crime inside Pulse, a gay

nightclub, in Orlando, Florida. The shooting killed 49 people and injured 53 others.

19 December 2016

BERLIN ATTACK

A truck was deliberately driven into the Christmas market at Breitscheidplatz in Berlin,

leaving 12 people dead and 56 injured.

Major Parties Involved:

Iraq: There were 2,415 terrorist incidents in Asian country last year, causing 6,960

deaths and 11,900 injuries which implies that Iraq suffered a lot of from terrorist act than the

other country. more than 40 different teams have launched terrorist attacks in Asian country

since the US-led invasion in 2003, around 2 thirds of the fifty, 538 deaths caused by terrorist

act since 2000 have gone unclaimed.

Afghanistan: In recent years there have been 1,715 terrorist incidents that caused

5,312 deaths and 6,249 injuries. The deadliest came in Sep 2015, once Taliban forces stormed

a jail in Kunduz within the north of the country, leading to 240 deaths. The full variety of

deaths since 2000 from such incidents has currently reached 22,730.

Nigeria: Nigeria additionally saw a decline in terrorist incidents past years, with 34th

fewer attacks in 2015 compared to 2014. That’s mostly owing to a decline in activity by

Boko Haram, when the cluster came beneath sustained pressure from the Nigerian military

and forces from neighbouring Cameroon, Chad and Niger. Overall, there have been 588

terrorist attacks, resulting in 4,950 deaths and 2,786 injuries.

Pakistan: There was a substantial drop in terrorism in Pakistan since 2015, with 45%

fewer attacks and 38% less deaths. Even so, some 1,086 people still lost their lives and 1,337

were suffering from injuries in the 1,008 incidents recorded in 2015. Terrorism is now at its

lowest level since 2006, in part because of the army’s Zarb-e-Azb operation which has

removed militant safe havens in the North Waziristan region. The deadliest group is the

Tehrik-i-Taliban, which was responsible for 36% of the deaths last year.

Syria: The most lethal conflagration in the Middle East continues to cause huge

suffering and loss of life, with more than 400,000 death to date. Much of the carnage is due to

the actions of President Bashar Al-Assad’s forces and his Russian and Iranian allies – but

these are not counted in the terrorism figures as they are state actors. Excluding them, there

were 384 terrorist incidents last year, causing 2,761 deaths and 2,830 injuries. That was a

63% increase in the death toll compared with the year before.

Definition of Key terms:

Suicide bomber: a person who commits suicide by exploding a bomb in order to kill other

people. One of the most or the most used method for terrorism.

Weapons of mass destruction: weapons that can destroy entire cities, regions, etc. Not the

most efficient way but most annihilating way

Peacekeeping : Peacekeeping has proven to be one in all the foremost effective tools

available to the un to assist host countries navigate the troublesome path from conflict to

peace. Today's flat peacekeeping operations square measure known as upon not solely to

keep up peace and security, however additionally to facilitate political processes, defend

civilians, assist within the disarmament, social control and reintegration of former

combatants; support constitutional processes and therefore the organization of elections,

protect and promote human rights and assist in restoring the rule of law and lengthening

legitimate state authority.

Countering Terrorism: The United Nations is being additionally referred to as upon to

conduct the international fight against terrorist act. Eighteen universal instruments against

international terrorism are elaborated among the framework of the UN system regarding

specific terrorist activities. In Gregorian calendar month 2006, UN Member States adopted

the UN global Counter-Terrorism Strategy. This was the first time that Member States agreed

to a typical strategic and operational framework against coercion.

Al Qaeda : Al-Qaeda, Arabic al-Qāʿidah (“the Base”), broad-based militant Islamist

organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the late 1980s .

Irish Republican Army :Irish Republican Army (IRA), conjointly referred to as provisional

Irish Republican Army, republican paramilitary organisation seeking the institution of a

republic, the end of British rule in northern ireland, and also the reunion of ireland.

Taliban : Taliban, Pashto Ṭālebān (“Students”), also spelled Taleban, ultraconservative

political and religious faction that emerged in Afghanistan in the mid-1990s following the

withdrawal of Soviet troops, the collapse of Afghanistan’s communist regime, and the

subsequent breakdown in civil order.

Possible Solutions:

Giving more power to UN Peacekeeper such as but not limited manpower, resources,

money for fighting against to terrorist acts which will not only is going to make the

governments more stable, but also affect governments economy productively due to non-

usage of resources.

The way for solving the world's problems are always have education in it. Teaching

students that conducting a terrorist acts or being in a terrorist group are not the solution to the

real life issues. Making sure that students learn only they can solve the issues by becoming

an intellectual person. In addition all of these possible solutions teaching world citizens how

to react to a terrorist attack.

Points To Consider :

● What should be done nationally and internationally?

● What can your country do to stop this issue?

● What did your country do to prevent this issue in the past?

● How can we cover all angles of the problem to truly solve it?

● What laws and punishment should be stable?

http://www.un.org/en/sc/

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1202887

https://ourworldindata.org/terrorism

https://www.gouvernement.fr/en/how-to-react-in-the-event-of-a-terrorist-attack

https://www.forbes.com/sites/dominicdudley/2016/11/18/countries-most-affected-by-

terrorism/#581382730d9c

https://since911.com/explore-911/terrorism-timeline#jump_time_item_378