introducing arcgis
DESCRIPTION
Introducing ArcGIS. Chapter 1. Objectives. Understand the architecture of the ArcGIS program. Become familiar with the types of data files used in ArcGIS. Learn how to explore data files using ArcCatalog. Storing Map Data. Vector vs. Raster x, y coordinates (sometimes z) Attribute - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Introducing ArcGISChapter 1
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Objectives Understand the architecture of the ArcGIS
program. Become familiar with the types of data files
used in ArcGIS. Learn how to explore data files using
ArcCatalog.
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Storing Map Data Vector vs. Raster x, y coordinates (sometimes z) Attribute
Information represented (i.e., soil type)
Georeferenced Tied to a specific location on the Earth’s surface
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Vector Model Features
X, Y coordinates Points Lines Polygons
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Vector Model Point
1 x, y coordinate Line
2 x, y coordinates Nodes
Polygon More than 2 x, y coordinates Vertex (vertices)
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Vector Model Feature Classes
1 type of geometry Share a table containing
their attributes Have like attributes
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Vector Model FID (feature identification code) Thematic mapping
Displaying features based on their value
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Vector Model Storing feature classes
Shapefiles (shp) One feature class
Coverages
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More storage… Feature Datasets
Roads Traffic lights Railroads Gas stations
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Fact of the day….
A regular hen's egg has about 7,000 tiny pores in its shell.
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Two basic models… Topological
Stores spatial relationships
between features in addition
to their x, y coordinates. Spaghetti
Stores spatial features as
a series of x, y coordinates Does not store topological
relationships
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Benefits of Vector Stores with high degree of
precision Flexibility Mapmaking Compact storage Certain types of analysis
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Drawbacks of Vector Does not store continuous
information well Elevation, precipitation, etc.
Time consuming analysis
for some types
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Raster Model
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Raster Model Grid-cell Row and column Land use Resolution
Higher=more precise Lower=less precise
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Two types of Raster Discrete
Few values repeat themselves Roads
Continuous Range smoothly from
one location to another Elevation
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Benefits of Raster Continuous data Analysis are simple to
perform Map algebra
Algebraic expression
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Drawbacks to Raster Precision vs. storage Ability to store
attributes To store geology and
infiltration values, need two rasters
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ArcGIS overview ArcMap
Display, analyze, edit
spatial data ArcCatalog
Viewing and maintaining
spatial data files ALWAYS use to delete,
copy, rename, move files
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ArcToolbox Collection of tools and
functions More can be
downloaded
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Data Files Shapefiles
Only one feature class Points, lines, polygons Green icons Must contain:
.shp The main file that stores
the feature geometry .shx
The file that stores the index of the feature geometry
.dbf The database of
attributes
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Coverages Oldest Multiple feature sets
.adf (arc data file) Yellow icons
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Geodatabases Multiple feature classes Include tables Rules
Stop light must be on road
2 types: Personal
Ind. & Microsoft Access
Enterprise Groups and editing
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Database connections Permits users to log in
and utilize data from an enterprise geodatabase.
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Layer Files Does not contain
spatial data How it should be
displayed Store symbols
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Rasters Binary format
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Tables Unassociated with
spatial data set Standalone tables .dbf (dBase format)
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Others Grids
Raster format Internet Servers
Image=print Feature=download
TINs Triangulated Irregular
Networks 3-D
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CAD drawings Created in CAD can be
read by ArcGIS Cannot be edited unless
converted
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Metadata Data about data Who created? Time relevant? Coordinate system? What the fields
mean?
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Context Menus Right click on name
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Left click on symbol
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Right click on symbol
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Object Properties
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Arc Catalog ALWAYS used to
copy, delete, rename, modify spatial data.
Viewing files
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Preview tab Geography or Table
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Metadata Decode what the
information is telling you!!!
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ArcToolbox About 30 tools Develop your own
tools ModelBuilder
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Thank you for your time….
I know that it has been a LOOOONNGG day, but you will get to practice, I promise!!!!