innovations in water energy technologies1

8/13/2019 Innovations in Water Energy Technologies1

1/18

Cha l leng es o f In teg ra t i on o fDesa l i n a t i on Powe r

Ene rgy Env ir onm en t and Secu r it y Presented by

Ghassan Ejjeh & Leon Awerbuch

ROUNDTABLE ONWATER & ENERGY

SUSTAIN ABLE TOGETHER?5 FEBRUARY 2009

HILTON DUBAI JUMEIRAH HOTEL


2/18

The integration of energy power andwater is very important today , as it

leads to lower costs. And smaller carbonfoot print

The desalination and power technologyhas to adapt to the new environmentalconsiderations and produce plants with

higher efficiency, performance ratios,while minimising the use of materials andreducing pollution.


3/18

Desalination is an energy and capitalintensive process.

All major desalination technologies, MultistageFlash (MSF), Multi-effect Distillation (MED andMED TVC), and Mechanical Vapor Compression

(MVC) as well as Reverse Osmosis (RO) andHybrids will be significantly affected.


4/18

MSF reliable technology

with Performance Ratio (PR) of PR 8-10.0,

power consumption of 3.5 kWhr /ton of water,capital cost $7.50-$9.00 per IGPD. Unit size16.7-20 MIGD

MED rapidly growing, with PR-8 to PR-16, internal power

consumption of 1.2-1.8 kWhr/ton, capital costof MED from $7.00-$8.00 per IGPD.

Unit size reached 8MIGD in Sharjah, new designfor unit sizes 10-15 MIGD


5/18

Improvements in distillation and

membrane processes TOP BRINE TEMPERATURE : The Increase of TBT

can Allow Higher Production With Almost SameDesal Trains

HYBRIDISATION : The Application Of HybridTechnologies (MSF + RO+NF, or MSF+RO+NF +MED) Can Improve Overall Efficiency

THERMAL IMPROVEMENT : Better HTC , new

materials, New MSF+MED Schemes And AncillaryEquipment.


6/18

Potential for MED technologyimprovements

Increasing TBT from 63 C to 80-100 C withNanofiltration

Increase efficiency to PR 12-16 from current 9.

Increase unit size to 15 MIGD from current 8 MIGD

Improve HTC by oval and corrugated plates

Hybridise with MSF-RO-NF


7/18

Seawater RO is a mature technologywith high degree of reliability with

challenge on pre-treatment.

Using electric energy recovery

devices results in total plant energyrequirements below 3.5 kWhr per tonof product.

The capital cost of the RO plant todayvary from $6.50-$7.5 per IGPD.


8/18

Potential improvements forReverse Osmosis.

Chlo

rine

Coag

ulantFeCl3

MMF

Polishing

Filter

Intake Pond FilteredWater Tank

Cartridge

Filter

RO Unit

Draw Back

Tank

High

Pressure

Pump

SBS

Disinfec

tion

Lime

pHAdju st

Distribution

Energy Recovery

Device (ERD)

Chlo

rine

Coag

ulantFeCl3

MMF

Polishing

Filter

Intake Pond FilteredWater Tank

Cartridge

Filter

RO Unit

Draw Back

Tank

High

Pressure

Pump

SBS

Disinfec

tion

Lime

pHAdju st

Distribution

Energy Recovery

Device (ERD)

Intake System Pretreatment System RO System Post-treatment

Mix BW with SW

Bio-filter

Boron Resin

NF - NF or NF - RO Hybrid

Large Diameter RO ElementsCo-location Power Station

High Recovery RO System (Single Stage or BCS)DAFIntermittent Chlorination

High Flow or Thicker Spacer RO ElementsSubmerged MF/UFInfiltration Intake

High Efficiency ERDMF/UFBeach Well

Mix BW with SW

Bio-filter

Boron Resin

NF - NF or NF - RO Hybrid

Large Diameter RO ElementsCo-location Power Station

High Recovery RO System (Single Stage or BCS)DAFIntermittent Chlorination

High Flow or Thicker Spacer RO ElementsSubmerged MF/UFInfiltration Intake

High Efficiency ERDMF/UFBeach Well

On-going Activit ies to Reduce Costs

ERD: Energy Recovery Devices DAF: Dissolved Air Flotation BCS: Brine Conversion System


9/18

Integrated hybrid

Blending distillate and membranepermeate will reduce requirementson Boron removal by RO.

The RO and NF membrane life canbe extended. (12 years)


10/18

Integrated hybridenvironmental benefits

Cool RO Reject and Feed to be used as acooling source for heat reject section ofdistillation plants.

The blend of reject stream from RO with warmseawater and blowdown from distillation orpower plants reduces heavy density plume ofRO outfall.

Blend of RO permeate reduces temperature ofdistillate. A common, smaller seawater intake & outfall.


11/18

Fujairah Hybrid.The Fujairah1 plant due to hybridizationgenerates only 500 MW net electricity for exportto the grid and 662 MW gross for waterproduction capacity of 100 MIGD. Otherwisesimilar MSF only plant in Shuweihat required1500 MW for the same 100 MIGD capacity. TheFujairah desalination plant is split into 62.5 MIGDfrom the thermal part and 37.5 MIGD from themembrane process.Fujeirah 2 will be 100 MIGD MED and 30 MIGDRO


12/18

THE SEWA LET INTEGRATED UPGRADING

DESIGN TO INCREASE 44% THE CAPACITYOF EXISTING MSF FROM 5 MIGD to 7.2MIGD, ACHIEVED 50 % to 7.5 MIGD

MIMIMUM FOOT PRINT, NO ROOM FORNEW DESALINATION PLANTS

REDUCE OPERATING COST NO CHANGES TO INTAKE STRUCTURE NO INCREASE IN POWER FACILITIES

CUTTING MSF CAPITAL COST FORADDITIONAL CAPACITY BY 40%


13/18

Bene f it s o f N ano f i l t ra t ion PREFERENTIALLY REMOVES SCALING

(DIVALENT) IONS

ALLOWS HIGHER TOP BRINE TEMPERATUREFOR MSF (121 vs. 110 C AND FOR MED (100vs. 63-75 C)

Higher Flash Range Increases Production andEfficiency

Reduced Capital Costs

Reduced Operating Costs


14/18

DESALINATION and WASTE WATERAQUIFER STORAGE AND RECOVERY

(DASR) and (WASR)

The concept has critical importance tostrategic storage of water for security

It has clear economic benefits takingadvantage of idle power Has an impact on cost of pipeline

transmission from coast to Riyadh insaving power during peak demand as wellas security


15/18

HYBRID SYSTEMS ANDDESALINATION AQUIFER

STORAGE AND RECOVERY (DASR)

DASR - Creating the Additional Water

Electrici ty demand drops to 30-40% of peak during the wintermonths

As a result, over 50% of powergeneration capacity of power-desalination plants is idle

This idle power can be used toproduce low-cost water (abovenormal demand) using nano-filt ration and other membranedesalination technologies


16/18

With Saudi, Kuwait and Others use ofcrude or residual oil for majority of

power -desalination projects the mainenvironmental aspect will require

consideration of carbon tax or creditimposed by Global Climate treaty.

Environmental Challenges in

Power Desalination Projects

1.Stack emissions- seawater scrubbing

2. Efficiency of the power-desalination3. Seawater thermal and effluents pollution


17/18

Can the desalination and power industries,combined adjust to the new market

conditions? The answer is yes.

Integration will provide better energy efficiencyfor all processes. Hybridisation, storage withDASR and WASR and, better match betweenpower and water requirements, better use ofexisting assets, by integrating seawater

scrubbing, chemical and mineral recovery, andgenerally innovations and new solutions, will leadto better environment


18/18

Energy is Power,Power is Water,

Water is Security

innovations in water energy technologies1

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