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IBOLC LEADER SMARTBOOK

2Dd Battalion, 11 til. Infantry Regiment

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ATSl-I-'ll'B

MEMORANDUM FOR DISTRIBUTION

DEPARTME.NT OF TilE ARMY 2nd Battalion, n Ih Infantry Regiment

Fort Benning, Georgia 31905

Subject: Infantry Basic Officer Leader' s Course Leader Smartbook

24 November 2008

I. Purpose: This Smartbook is intended to provide new Infantry lieutenanl~ with the critical infonnation required to be successful at IBOLC and to outline the standards of training within the ''Train the Leader" battalion. This Smartbook is intended to be used in conjunction with the Ranger Handbook. Both of these references will provide critical infonnation to the students as they progress through IBOLC.

2. Applicability: This Smartbook applies to all cadre and students assigned or attached to 2~II'h IN.

3. Responsibility: The BN S3 is responsible for the IBOLC Leader and/or incorporation .

Distribution: BNCDR BNCSM BNXO BN SI UN S3 BN 54 HHCCDR IIHC ISO ACOCDR ACO ISO

BCO CDR BCO ISO CCOCDR CCO ISO L"lU NCOJC

ended changes to the BN S3 for review

Commanding

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Infantry Basic Officer Leader Course

Mission: Educate and train Infantry Lieutenants to lead platoons in combat and win.

Commander’s Intent: Develop technically, tactically, and physically competent and adaptive leaders Develop Infantry Platoon leaders capable of training, mentoring, and leading an Infantry platoon Develop physically capable and mentally agile Infantry lieutenants ready to lead a platoon in combat and win in any terrain andagainst any enemy.

Endstate:A lethal, physically rugged, competent and confident Infantry Platoon Leader proficient in Infantry battle drills, troop leading procedures, basic Infantry skills, and field-craft; who is adaptable, flexible, field-hardened and prepared to train and lead Infantry platoons on any mission in any terrain.

Your Leadership Goal: AR 600-100 “Army Leadership”“The Army Defines Leadership as influencing people by providing purpose, direction, and motivation, while operating to accomplish the mission and improve the organization.”

“The DA develops competent and multifaceted military and civilian leaders who personify the Army values and the warrior ethos in all aspects from war fighting, to statesmanship, to enterprise management. The Army develops qualities in its leaders to enable them to respond effectively to what they will face. The DA describes the leaders it is creating as “Pentathletes,” whose versatility and athleticism - qualities that reflect the essence of our Army – will enable them to learn and adapt in ambiguous situations in a constantly evolving environment. Pentathlete leaders are innovative, adaptive, and situationally aware professionals who demonstrate character in everything that they do, are experts in the profession of arms, boldly confront uncertainty, and solve complex problems. They are decisive and prudent risk takers who effectively manage, lead, and change organizations. Pentathletes are professionally educated, and dedicated to lifelong learning; resilient, mentally and physically agile, empathetic, and self-aware; and confidently lead Soldiers and civilians, build teams, and achieve the Army’s over-arching strategic goals, while engendering loyalty and trust.”

What to expect from IBOLC Tough and realistic training A physically demanding program A program designed to prepare you to be a successful platoon leader grounded in basic Infantry skills A standards based program

What we expect from you 100% effort A desire to prepare yourself to the best of your ability An understanding of the importance of your career in leading men in combat Supplementing physical training with your own workoutsAdherence to Army standards Representing yourself as an officer on and off duty Display the Army Values

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page Chapter One: Administrative Information Need to know Creeds and Songs 6-7 Post Map 8 Uniform SOP 9 MOLLE Packing List 10 Tie Down SOP 11-18 Accountability 19 Field Recovery Operations 20-21 Physical Training 22-23

Chapter Two: Troop Leading Procedures (TLPs) 24-29

Chapter Three: Doctrinal Quick Reference Guide FM 3-0, FM 7-10, FM 3-21.8, FM 3-06.11 30-33 Acronyms and Abbreviations 34 Operational Terms and Graphics 35-37 Graphical Quick Reference 38

Chapter Four: Weapons Capabilities Foreign Weapon Systems 39 US Weapons Capabilities 40

Chapter Five: Medical Reference Combat Lifesaver Quick Reference 41-44 9-Line Medevac Request 45 Field Hygiene 46 2-11 IN Prevention and Treatment of Heat Casualties 47-50

Chapter Six: Smartcards Indirect Fires, Close Air Support, Smartcards 51-71

Chapter Seven: Checklists and Reports Pre-Combat Inspection Checklists 72-75 Tactical Reports 76 Logistical Reports 77-79

Annex A: Communication Procedures 80-87 Annex B: Training Meetings 88-89 Annex C: Risk Management 90-94 Annex D: After Action Review (AAR) 95-97 Annex E: References 98-106

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CHAPTER ONE: ADMINISTRATIVE INFORMATION

NEED TO KNOW CREEDS AND SONGS

The Officer’s Creed I will give to the selfless performance of my duty and my mission the best that effort, thought, and dedication can provide.

To this end, I will not only seek continually to improve my knowledge and practice of my profession, but also I will exercise the authority entrusted to me by the President and the Congress with fairness, justice, patience, and restraint, respecting the dignity and human rights of others and devoting myself to the welfare of those placed under my command.

In justifying and fulfilling the trust placed in me, I will conduct my private life as well as my public service so as to be free both from impropriety and the appearance of impropriety, acting with candor and integrity to earn the unquestioning trust of my fellow soldiers--juniors, seniors, and associates--and employing my rank and position not to serve myself but to serve my country and my unit.

By practicing physical and moral courage I will endeavor to inspire these qualities in others by my example.

In all my actions I will put loyalty to the highest moral principles and the United States of America above loyalty to organizations, persons, and my personal interest.

The Infantryman’s Creed:I am the Infantry. I am my country's strength in war, her deterrent in peace. I am the heart of the fight-wherever, whenever. I carry America's faith and honor against her enemies. I am the Queen of Battle.

I am what my country expects me to be-the best trained soldier in the world. In the race for victory, I am swift, determined, and courageous, armed with a fierce will to win.

Never will I fail my country's trust. Always I fight on-through the foe, to the objective, to triumph over all. If necessary, I fight to my death.

By my steadfast courage, I have won 200 years of freedom. I yield not-to weakness, to hunger, to cowardice, to fatigue, to superior odds, for I am mentally tough, physically strong, and morally straight.

I forsake not-my country, my mission, my comrades, my sacred duty. I am relentless. I am always there, now and forever.

I AM THE INFANTRY! FOLLOW ME!

The Soldier’s Creed I am an American Soldier I am a Warrior and a member of a team. I serve the people of the United States and live the Army Values. I will always place the mission first.I will never accept defeat. I will never quit.I will never leave a fallen comrade.I am disciplined, physically and mentally tough, trained and proficient in my warrior tasks and drills. I always maintain my arms, my equipment and myself. I am an expert and I am a professional. I stand ready to deploy, engage, and destroy the enemies of the United States of America in close combat. I am a guardian of freedom and the American way of life. I am an American Soldier.

Warrior Ethos:I will always place the mission first I will never accept defeat I will never quit I will never leave a fallen comrade

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The Army Song

Intro: March along, sing our song, with the Army of the free Count the brave, count the true, who have fought to victory We’re the Army and proud of our name We’re the Army and proudly proclaim

Verse: First to fight for the right, And to build the Nation’s might, And The Army Goes Rolling Along Proud of all we have done, Fighting till the battle’s won, And the Army Goes Rolling Along.

Refrain: Then it’s Hi! Hi! Hey! The Army’s on its way. Count off the cadence loud and strong For where e’er we go, You will always know That The Army Goes Rolling Along.

Verse: Valley Forge, Custer’s ranks, San Juan Hill and Patton’s tanks, And the Army went rolling along Minute men, from the start, Always fighting from the heart, And the Army keeps rolling along. (refrain)

Verse: Men in rags, men who froze, Still that Army met its foes, And the Army went rolling along. Faith in God, then we’re right, And we’ll fight with all our might, As the Army keeps rolling along. (refrain)

The Infantry Song

You can hear it in the heat of the jungle You can hear it across the sea It calls to every freedom loving man The cry of the US Infantry Follow Me! Follow Me!

From Concord Bridge to An Khe Ridge Through the swamps and mountains and sand They fight and die where brave men lie Against all tyrants they stand

You can hear it in the heat of the jungle You can hear it across the sea It calls to every freedom loving man The cry of the US Infantry Follow Me! Follow Me!

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POST MAP

KEYBuilding 76 (IBOLC Office and Taylor Field)

Troop Medical Clinic

One Mile PT Track/Smith Gym

Building 4

DFAC (middle quad – DFAC in Bldg 76 quad not for IBOLC)

Benning Club

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UNIFORM SOP

a. SOLDIERS UNIFORM:Garrison Uniform: The authorized garrison uniform is ACUs with a minimum of nametapes, rank, follow on unit or follow me patch, and the US flag. Tan boots with OD green or black socks, tan issue or similar undershirt, and a tan or black issue belt will be worn with ACUs. The patrol cap is the only authorized head gear for students. Patrol caps will have sewn on rank and Velcro nametape. Inaddition, dog tags (worn around the neck) and ID card are required when in uniform.

Field Uniform: In the field ACUs will be worn. The same standards for ACUs in garrison are required in the field. If BDUs are worn during combatives or for similar events where ACUs are not required, they must also include at a minimum nametapes, rank, branch,follow on unit or follow me badge, and the US flag. ID tags (worn around the neck) and ID card are required when in uniform.

Additional items required to be worn in the field during training events are the ACH/Kevlar helmet, body armor, MOLLE vest, eyeprotection, elbow pads, and knee pads. Field uniform will be modified by platoon cadre. Regardless of environment, the ACH/Kevlarhelmet will always be worn if there is a threat of head injury (for example: when riding in the back of military vehicles). ID tags will be of the tactical (i.e. “silenced”) type.

PT Uniform: The PT uniform will consist of the grey Army PT shirt, black Army PT shorts, orange reflective vest (with horizontal stripes and name written on front and back in block letters), above the ankle white socks, and running shoes. When awarded, the Army Physical Fitness Badge will be worn on the upper left side of the reflective vest. The winter/inclement weather uniform will also consist of the black Army PT pants, grey Army PT jacket, black gloves, and black/ACU colored watchcap. Additionally, a water source (camelback or canteen) will also be brought to every PT session.

b. ACH/KEVLAR HELMET: The ACH/Kevlar helmet will be worn with the soldier’s name centered on the helmet band printed in black, block letters. Rank will be sewn on the front of the ACH/Kevlar cover. The helmet band, with cat eyes on the back, will be secured as close to the 9 and 3 o’clock positions as possible with gutted 550-cord tied with a girth hitch as shown in the tie down SOP.

c. MOLLE VEST: The MOLLE vest will be worn with the soldier’s name sewn on the back handle of the vest as shown in the tie-down SOP. Canteens and compass must be tied down IAW the tie-down SOP. The MOLLE vest may be configured as a rack system if desired (buckled in the rear). o No knives will be worn except pocketknives or leatherman type knives o No items (knives, strobe lights, etc) will be worn on the shoulder straps o All excess straps will be rolled and taped with OD green or black tape o Earplugs and case will be secured in small outer pouch of the canteen pouch o Up to four ammo pouches are authorized for wear o Both canteens will be worn o A pace cord is authorized for wear o The compass and compass pouch will be worn on the right side of the MOLLE vest o Magazines should be stored upside down when fully loaded and right-side up when empty o Non-military items, such as civilian water bottles, are unauthorized for wear

d. OTV (outer tactical vest): Body armor will be worn with both the back and front plate always in and with the soldier’s name and rank sewn at the top of the front flap (IAW tie-down SOP)

e. MEDICAL ID BANDS: Soldiers identified with the following conditions will be marked with the correct colored 3/8 inch tape on the left shoulder of their MOLLE vest. o RED TAPE: Previous hot weather casualty o BLUE TAPE: Previous cold weather casualty o YELLOW TAPE: Allergic reaction (bee sting, ants, poison ivy)

f. A BAGS: When A-Bags are needed (typically winter field exercises) they will be marked on the handle with either a laminated tag or engineer tape with the company/platoon/squad/and team markings for identification

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MOLLE/RUCK PACKING LIST

a. SUMMER PACKING LIST: The following packing list is the minimum summer packing list for any field exercise or foot march. The packing list may be modified at the discretion of the Platoon Cadre.

b. WINTER PACKING LIST: The following are additional items required for the winter packing list for field events. This packing list may be modified by the platoon cadre.

OUTSIDE RUCK - E-tool and carrier - 2 quart canteen and cover - road guard vest - wet weather top (left pocket) - wet weather bottom (right pocket) - poncho (center pouch) - blank adapter (center pouch) - weapons cleaning kit (center pouch) - sleeping mat (attached to bottom or top of ruck) - camelback - IBOLC Leader Smartbook (top flap/cover) - Ranger Handbook (top flap/cover) - Soft cap (top flap/cover)

INSIDE RUCKIn waterproof bag- 1 pair ACUs - 3 pair socks - poncho liner - field jacket liner - 2 tan/brown t-shirts - elbow pads - knee pads - hygiene kit - bivy cover (goretex sleep bag) - 1 small towel - running shoes - gloves

Outside waterproof bag- MREs - Miles gear (if required)

OPTIONAL ITEMS- Ziplock bags - bungee cords - bug spray - sunscreen - head lamp/flashlight - one to two snap links

INSIDE RUCK- poly pro top - poly pro bottom - black sleeping bag - goretex top - watch cap

A BAG (one per team) Contingency bag (this bag will be set aside in case of extreme weather emergency)- 1 pair ACUs (per soldier) - 1 pair boots (per soldier) - green sleeping bag (per soldier)

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TIE DOWN SOP Throughout the tie down chapter you will see gutted 550 cord used to secure equipment. Zip-ties are also authorized for use when feasible. Bottom line is equipment must be secured to prevent loss.

a. PERSONAL EQUIPMENT MOLLE RUCK: The Molle Ruck will be tied down as shown:

o E- Tool cover will be tied down to the MOLLE attachment straps, routed through the drainage hole (to prevent the E-tool cover from moving around), and an end of the line bowline to attach to the actual E-tool.

o Sleeping Mat will be rolled and placed between the main compartment and bottom compartment. The sleeping mat will be secured with the main MOLLE straps routed over the sleeping mat.

o A nametape will be sewn to the top flap of the ruck at the bottom. Cat eyes will also be attached IAW company SOP. (NOTE: All rectangular markings are 1” by ½”. Triangular markings are equilateral triangles 1” per side):

o All rucks will be marked with the name, platoon, company, and 2-11 IN on a notecard placed in the back of the ruck.

AB

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o E-tool and cover will be attached to center pouch

o Sleeping Mat will be rolled and stowed between the main and bottom pouch secured with the main MOLLE straps

o Camelbak can be placed at the top of the ruck under the main MOLLE straps

o Nametape and cat eyes will be sewn onto the main flap IAW company SOP

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ALICE PACK: The Alice Pack will be tied down as shown.

- E-Tool will be on the right side and the 2-Quart canteen will be on the left side as worn. The GP Strap will be hooked to the 2-Quart canteen rings as shown and routed around the rucksack and through the E-Tool cover, pocket straps, and rucksack frame as shown.

- A label with last name and unit down to platoon level (e.g. “1/C/2-11 IN) will be attached to the right inside crossbar of the frame.

o E- Tool cover will be tied down with one end of line bowline through the drainage hole in the bottom. The free running end of the upper bowline will be tied to E-Tool with an end of line bowline

o 2-Quart cover will be tied down with two end-of-line bowlines, one through an ALICE clip opening and one through the drainage hole in the bottom. The free running end of the upper bowline will be tied to 2-Quart canteen around the neck with an end of line bowline.

o A nametape will be sewn on the bottom of the rucksack flap. Cat eyes will be sewn centered one inch above the nametape as described below (NOTE: All rectangular markings are 1” by 1/2”. Triangular markings are equilateral triangles 1” per side):

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AB

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MOLLE VEST: The MOLLE Vest will be worn and tied down in the following manner (differs between left and right handed firers).

o Both canteens will be used. One placed at each end of the vest.o 3 magazine pouches will be worn. Ensure that magazine pouches are placed where they will be easily drawn with the non-firing hand. o 2 grenade pouches will be placed on either side between the magazine pouches and canteen pouch. The compass will be placed in one of these pouches (compass should be opposite of firing side) o An optional pouch may also be worn on the opposite side of the 2 grenade pouches o No non-military items are authorized (i.e. civilian water bottles)

o The Canteen will be tied down with an end of the line bowline to the MOLLE attachment straps. The other end will be tied with an end of the line bowline and secured around the canteen. (ensure that there is enough 550 cord so that you can still drink from the canteen) o The top of the canteen will be secured with 100mph tape. One piece over the top and the rest wrapped around the side of the top.

o A nametape will be sewn onto the back of the MOLLE vest as shown.

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LOAD CARRYING EQUIPMENT (LCE): The LCE will be tied down as shown.

o The name tape will be sewn on the back strap of the LCE facing to the left (the end of the name should be flush with the straps forming a V and connecting the LCE waist belt).

o Secure the ammo pouch, first aid pouch, and the canteen cover with a square knot and two half-hitches. Run the knot through the belt so that the knot is not seen (this will prevent the knots from rubbing into your side and also from becoming frayed during wear) o Secure the 1 quart canteen to the LCE with an anchor bowline.

o Secure the canteen with an end of the rope bowline with the free running end routed through the loop of the bowline to form a slip knot. Secure the NBC lid to the canteen cap with black or green tape. Place an additional piece of tape around the cap securing the tape holding the lid. o This applies to both the one quart and two quart canteens

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ACH/KEVLAR HELMET:

o When required the MILES halo will be secured to the ACH/kevlar helmet as shown o the harness must be secured on both sides with a square knot and two half-hitches (attached to the anchors inside the helmet)

o The ACH will have sewn on rank centered on the front of the helmet o The helmet band will have the name either sewn or written in permanent marker in block letters on the right front of the bando The only authorized items that can be worn on the ACH/Kevlar are earplugs and protective goggles with protective covering. (zero cards, oil bottles, etc are unauthorized)

o The helmet band will also have cateyes sewn on the back and placed under the back flap of the ACH cover o The helmet band will be secured under the ACH cover with gutted 550 cord and tied with a square knot and two half hitches to the anchors inside the kevlar

o The knots securing the helmet band are overhand loops that run under the cover and attach to the chin strap anchors in the ACH.

o The strap on the NVG helmet mount will be taped down to the top of the Kevlar using 100 mph tape. The helmet mount will be worn underneath the MILES halo (if worn). The NVG base plate will be screwed in and left on the ACH/Kevlar (helmet band will be under the NVG Mount).

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INFANTRY BODY ARMOR (OTV): Body armor will always be worn with the front and back plates. At no point will the plates be taken out. Additionally, all body armor must have rank and last name sewn onto the top flap for accountability purposes.

b. SENSITIVE ITEMS TIE DOWNS: All sensitive items must be tied down at all times. There are no exceptions to this policy. As soon as equipment is drawn from the arms room it must be immediately tied down. All equipment will be either tied down to the weaponsystem, the ruck, or the MOLLE vest with an end of the line bowline and half hitch.

M68 (CCO)/M145 MGO

AN PVS 14

The CCO and MGO will be tied down using a square knot and half hitch of 550 cord fastened tightly around the optic forming an X. The free running end will be attached to the slip ring of the M4 (as shown) or securely attached to the M240 or M249 receiver using a end-of-the-line bowline secured with a half-hitch.

The PVS-14 will be tied down with a square knot and half hitch of 550 cord fastened tightly around the main body of the NVG and battery compartment forming an X. Be sure not to interfere with the mounting of the device. The free running end will be tied off (via a bowline knot with a half-hitch) to the ring on the shoulder strap of the LBE or to the tied down ACH band.

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AN/PVS 7D

AN/PAC-4C, AN/PEQ-2A

AN/PSN-11

AN/PRC-126/127

The PVS-7D will be tied down with a square knot and half hitch of 550 cord fastened tightly around the main body of the NVG forming an X. The free running end will be tied off (via a bowline knot with a half-hitch) to the ring on the shoulder strap of the LBE or to the tied down ACH band.

These devices will be secured using a square knot and half hitch of gutted 550 cord fastened tightly around the device. The 550 cord should be wrapped width and length wise and securely tied. Care must be taken to ensure the tie-down does not interfere with either mounting or operation of the device. The free running end will be tied down to the slip ring on an M4 or to the trigger guard or mounting rails on a machine gun.

The Plugger will be tied down utilizing gutted 550 cord routed through the metal ring on the top of the unit. The cord will be tied in an end-of-line bowline and secured with a half hitch. The free running end will be tied off (via a bowline knot with a half-hitch) to the ring on the shoulder strap of the LBE.

The radio and its components will be secured using a single piece of gutted 550-cord tied with an end-of-line bowline and secured with a half hitch through the hole on the top left of the RT unit. The cord will then be secured around the antenna using a square knot. The short running end of the square knot will be tied using an end-of-line bowline with half hitch around the handset cord. Tape will be wrapped around the square knot on the antenna to reinforce the tie-down. The free running end will be tied to the ruck using an end-of-line bowline with half hitch.

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MBITR

MOTOROLLA RADIO

The MBITR (AN/PRC-148) radio will be secured with a single piece of gutted 550-cord. The cord will be tied around the main unit and then secured with tape. In addition, this cord will also be tied with a square knot around the antennae and secured with a piece of tape. The free running end will be tied to the ruck or LBE using an end-of-line bowline with half hitch.

The Motorola radio when passed to students must be tied down. A piece of gutted 550 cord will be tied with a square knot around the antennae and a square knot with half hitch around the main body. Both will be secured with a piece of tape. This tape will interfere with changing of the battery and will have to be re-taped after changing the battery. The free running end will be tied to the ruck or LBE using an end-of-line bowline with half hitch.

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ACCOUNTABILITY

GENERAL:Accountability of equipment must be maintained at all times. This begins and ends in the arms room, with the BN S4, and within the platoon. All equipment must be properly signed out.

a. Arms Room: Equipment must be signed out of the arms room on a FB Form 23. Platoon armorers will prefill these sheets out to facilitate smooth equipment draw. The student PSG and platoon armorer must maintain one copy of this form every time they depart to the field in order to conduct sensitive item accountability by serial number when needed.

b. Battalion Supply: Students will sign for personal equipment from the Battalion supply room at the beginning of each cycle. These items will be recorded on a DA2062 (hand receipt form). It is the responsibility of the student to maintain this equipment.

c. Platoon equipment: Throughout the course students may sign for equipment from their individual platoon. This equipment will also be hand-receipted on a DA2062 to ensure accountability. It is the responsibility of the student to maintain this equipment.

a. SENSITIVE ITEMS INSPECTIONS: Sensitive items are as follows: All weapons, NVDs, aiming devices, miles gear, borelight kits, navigation equipment, and commo equipment (as well as their accompanying component parts). Additionally, students must inspectindividual equipment such as body armor and compass. These items will be inspected for accountability and tie-downs a minimum of twice a day. At least one of these inspections will be by serial number. Additional inspections will be conducted during the consolidation phase of each mission, each student change of command, and before and after movement to and from any range. All inspections are hands on inspections conducted by the student chain of command and supervised by the platoon cadre.

b. STUDENT ACCOUNTABILITY: Accountability of soldiers must be constantly maintained. The student PSG is responsible for maintaining accountability of students in the garrison and field environment. During field events, at a minimum, accountability will be taken by head count at the following times:

o When soldiers depart or arrive back into a patrol base o After long halts o When ordered to do so during movement o At stand to

Any soldiers departing the field will first turn in sensitive items to the TOC and report to their platoon cadre. In garrison, any soldier missing formation or training must notify their student chain of command and platoon cadre to prevent FTR (failure to report) status.

Loss of any soldier must be immediately reported up the chain of command so that the lost soldier policy may be activated.

c. BRASS AND AMMO INSPECTIONS: Immediately following the termination of live-fire or blank-fire training, a brass-and-ammo inspection will be conducted by the student chain-of-command and will be supervised by cadre.

o Soldiers will double check that all magazines have been unloaded o Soldiers will double check that all weapons are cleared to include spare barrels o Soldiers will ensure no additional ammo has been placed in cargo pockets, LBV, or in the ruck o Soldiers will NOT keep any issued ammo. This includes smoke, star clusters, arty-sims, etc.

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FIELD RECOVERY STANDARDS

Recovery operations are a critical part of training because it ensures that military equipment is quickly and consistently returned to combat- ready condition after periods of extended operations—in the field or otherwise. Recovery will be accomplished in a specific order within set standards. The recovery plan does not specify times for the completion of refit operations; rather, it simply outlines standards to be adhered to.

Maintenance is an integral part of activities in the field, as well as in the administrative environment following field training.Naturally, maintenance in the field will be integrated with training as the tactical situation permits. Platoon Leaders must ensure PMCS is performed on equipment at all times. Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) are recorded on DA Form 2404. DA Form 2404 is the “Equipment Inspection and Maintenance Worksheet.” DA 2404 is the standard form that will be used to perform PMCS on all military equipment in accordance with applicable TM’s.

a. LEVEL 1-4 WEAPON CLEANLINESS:

1 – “Level One”: All dirt, grime, and rust will be removed from the interior and exterior of the weapon. The bore will be swabbed and all metal parts will receive a heavy coat of oil to prevent rust and to break up carbon deposits.

2 – “Level two”: All carbon will be removed from weapons, to include the bore and the chamber. PMCS will be performed IAW the appropriate –10 manual. All deficient weapons will have a DA Form 2404 with deficiencies noted and dated. Deficient weapons will be identified on the arms room forms 2406. Weapons will be stored with a heavy coat of oil on all metal parts to further break up unseen carbon deposits.

3 – “Level three”: All residual carbon will be removed from weapons. Weapons will be stored with lubrication IAW the –10 manual. Prior to storage in Arms Rooms, the unit chain-of-command will inspect weapons. Weapons are considered inspectable at this time. Upon return from the field, all equipment will be cleaned, lubricated, inspected and accounted for prior to the company being released. After operations maintenance will be performed under the supervision of the chain-of-command.

4 – “Level four”: TALLY turn-in standard. This is the only time the weapon will be cleaned to this standard and that standard is100% no rust, dirt, or carbon. Do not place oil on the weapon after cleaning until inspected or instructed to do so.

b. ACTIONS COMPLETED IN THE FIELD PRIOR TO RETURN TO GARRISON:

o Account for all personnel and conduct a 100% inventory of all equipment by serial number o Conduct a shakedown of all personnel for ammunition and/or unauthorized items o Conduct a thorough police-call of all areas used for training; collect and secure dunnage for turn-in o Ammo turned in, range closed through range control, ammo consumption and equipment accountability report sent to 2-11 BN SDO

c. ACTIONS TAKEN UPON RETURN TO GARRISON:The following phases of maintenance will be accomplished unless changes are approved by the Company Commander:

PHASE I: The following will be performed at a minimum before release from the company area. (a) Weapons “Level One” clean (b) All sensitive items free of dirt and turned in to arms room (d) Identification of dead-lined weapons and equipment to the company chain-of-command (e) Platoon TMP vehicles parked and critical items removed from bed of truck (f) Company area free of trash (g) 100% accountability of sensitive items complete

PHASE II: (a) Weapons “Level Two” Clean (b) All equipment cleaned and free of dirt, dust, oil, etc (c) All equipment receives PMCS to ensure serviceability. Deficiencies recorded on 2404, reported up chain of command, and

marked for maintenance (d) All TMP vehicles cleaned (e) Ice Sheets dried and all platoon coolers cleaned and stored (f) CLS bags inspected and restocked as needed (g) All job orders, damage statements, or statement of charges initiated (h) Training AAR completed and needed training supplies identified and turned in to unit supply personnel

PHASE III: (a) All sensitive items “Level Three” clean (b) TA-50 accountability, serviceability and cleanliness inspection (c) Platoon equipment layout conducted and inventoried (e) Items requiring DX are exchanged via Battalion S-4 or at CIF (or appointment made through unit supply sergeant.) (f) All property adjustment documents initiated

(g) All supply items expended, are put on order (h) Communication checks completed

(i) All Class II expendable and Class IV items lost, damaged, or consumed are identified and recorded

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PHASE IV: (a) All sensitive items “Level Four” inspectable clean (b) All equipment stored IAW –10 manuals. Units will inspect/ correct any deficiencies found with equipment. (c) All supply documentation will be completed by this time. (d) Report of survey is initiated as required.

(NOTE: Broken or damaged equipment will be reported to the platoon cadre NLT 72 hours following the specific field training orevent. All exceptions must be approved by the Company Commander on a case-by-case basis.)

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PHYSICAL TRAINING Physical training at IBOLC will be tough and combat oriented. Physical training has several objectives and it is important to understand that the number one priority of physical training is to prepare men for combat. Physical training at IBOLC is designed to introduce you to the physical training process, introduce you to the development and execution of battle-focused physical training in preparation for combat, and to prepare you for success at Ranger School. It is the responsibility of the individual soldier to prepare himself for the Army Physical Fitness Test. Preparation for the APFT will be done during regular physical training, but it is not the number one priority.

PHYSICAL TRAINING PROCESS, FM 21-20 Soldiers will not be physically successful in combat unless they prepare themselves to do so. In order to maximize your physical fitness you must also control what you eat and drink. Excess drinking, sugars, and fats will have a negative impact on your ability to reach top physical fitness. Eating correctly with adequate carbohydrates, proteins, fruits, moderate fats, and plenty of water will help you maximize your performance and be successful here at IBOLC.

The components of physical fitness are: Cardiorespiratory (CR) endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility. When conducting physical training you must also take into account the FITT factors: Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type. Combining the components of physical fitness with the FITT factors will assist in developing a successful PT program.

A successful PT program will be battle-focused but will also take into account the above listed factors. The endstate of physical training should be to successfully develop the physical endurance and strength to go the distance and more importantly to develop the mental agility to push yourself beyond what you believe to be your limits and to achieve the “never quit” attitude. In order to successfully train, you must push your body to its limits and then allow those muscles to rest. (For example: Going to the gym every day to do the benchpress would be counter-productive because it would not allow the pectoral muscles to rest and rebuild).

BATTLE-FOCUSED PHYSICAL TRAINING: There are several steps to developing a battle-focused physical training plan: o Determine individual tasks that support your unit METL o Determine physical requirements for each task o Determine exercises which develop those requirements o Determine secondary benefits and resource requirements of these activities o Develop mission/METL based evaluation o Develop a physical training plan which accomplishes unit goals

Basically, identify a task in your unit METL (i.e. conduct urban operations). Determine what will physically be required for this task (i.e. move with all combat equipment). Determine the exercises to develop those requirements (i.e. conduct equipment runs). Determine resource requirements (i.e. require body armor and personal equipment). Develop a way to evaluate your training (i.e. an obstacle course or equipment run competition). Develop a training plan that accomplishes your goal by using the components of physical fitness and the FITT factors. Allow adequate time to conduct and improve in the event and then evaluate your training. Your PT plans should always be focused around preparation for what you will face in combat.

Here at IBOLC we will introduce you to the proper way to plan and conduct physical training. We will introduce you to several differenttypes of battle focused physical training and we will evaluate your performance on the Army Physical Fitness Test. We have three physical training priorities during the IBOLC program of instruction: prepare you to develop and supervise an effective physical training program, prepare you physically for combat, and prepare you to be successful at Ranger School.

FOOTMARCH STANDARDS: While at IBOLC you will conduct several conditioning and tactical footmarches. Individual discipline plays a very important part in the successful completion of any foot march. Each Soldier must discipline their mind and body if they expect to complete the foot march and receive the maximum benefit from it. At all times, you will be called upon to put forth your best physical and mental effort. Remember, a successful foot march is one in which all the troops arrive at their destination at the prescribed time and in condition to execute their mission. The ability to execute the mission upon completion of the march cannot be overly emphasized. All soldiers are expected to carry their weapons at the ready at all times.

Factors that effect footmarches:

a. Natural Factors: (1) The type of terrain to be traversed has a great deal to do with the techniques of foot marching and the amount of ground that can be covered in a specific period of time. While relatively flat ground offers few problems, dense jungle and mountainousregion at high altitudes make movement slow and difficult. (2) Extremes of climate and weather adversely affect the individual’s well being and ability to move on foot. The hot and humid temperatures will have an effect on the duration, length, loads, and times of footmarches at IBOLC. (3) Foot marching is effected by the time of day during which the marches conducted. If the march is made at night, the reduced visibility may decrease the rate of march from that normally maintained during the hours of daylight. A march made during the cool, early morning hours will be easier that one made under the midday sun. The majority of your tactical foot marches will be scheduled during the early morning or late evening hours.

b. Physical Factors: Physical conditioning of the troops must be maintained at a high level by means or realistic training andexercise. (1) In order to replace water loss, the recommended practice is to drink water in small amounts whenever thirsty, or at a

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minimum of every mile. (2) Loads, which are too heavy or improperly adjusted, will adversely affect marching capability. Equipment straps and belts must be adjusted so they will not interfere with an individual’s breathing, blood circulation, and normal movement. Additionally, the waist belt can help alleviate the weight taken by the shoulders. (3) Proper care of the feet is essential. Blisters are caused by friction. If the friction can be eliminated, the blisters may be prevented. Carefully check the condition and fit of your boots and socks. When friction causes the skin to redden, change to clean, dry socks and dust the feet with foot powder. Frequent changing of socks is the best method of preventing blisters and you should always wear cushion sole socks with field shoes or boots. Boots that are not properly laced tend to slip on the foot, causing socks to creep and create friction that lead to blisters and other foot discomfort. Frequent and regular feet inspections held by small unit leaders will minimize the total amount of foot problems. Additionally, two pairs of socks may be preferred by some soldiers or a thin layer of pantyhose worn underneath the main sock may help reduce friction.

c. Psychological factors: This is the most dynamic factor in footmarches. Setting goals for the units and understanding the missionwill help in this area. The bottom line, psychologically, is that you must learn that being tired or in pain does not stop an Infantrymen and especially not its leaders. As the platoon leader you can never fall behind. You lead from the front always. Develop that mentality.

Preparation for the march: Prior to executing any footmarch a route reconnaissance must be conducted. Identify and mark or avoid hazardous terrain. Inform soldiers of the distance, pace, and tactical standard to be achieved. Inspect all Soldier’s water, and loads before starting.

Formation and Organization: You will conduct two types of footmarches at IBOLC: conditioning and tactical. o conditioning footmarches may be done during PT hours or in the field. The uniform, load, and equipment to be carried will bemodified by the cadre to best prepare you for future footmarches. o during tactical footmarches you will march in a column with two staggered ranks. The distance between soldiers will be adjusted according to terrain and visibility. Leaders never walk in the middle of the formation because that only presents an excellent target for snipers. It is imperative that all soldiers discipline themselves to remain in formation and aware of their surroundings. Stragglers will be picked up by the trail vehicle when it becomes unsafe to allow the soldier to continue (retraining will be conducted).

Control and Supervision: Team leaders and up must supervise their men during the footmarch for dehydration, awareness, and general discipline. Cadre are responsible for the following standards:

o A trail and lead vehicle are used on trafficked roads when not during PT hours o A trail vehicle will be used as a minimum with ice sheets, CLS bag, and communication o Soldiers will place a road guard vest or other reflective marking on their rucksacks to avoid vehicular accidents o Road guards will always be used o Hydration will be monitored o Tactical stops will be conducted as deemed appropriate o Routes will be inspected and marked when necessary o Maintain overall pace

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CHAPTER TWO: TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES (TLPs)

RECEIVE THE MISSION ISSUE THE WARNING ORDER, FM 3-21.8, Chapter 5The Warning Order is intended to alert the troops to an upcoming mission. It should be given as soon as possible after receipt of an order or warning order from the higher unit commander. The warning order will be given NLT 30 minutes after receiving the company order. There is no doctrinal requirement on the format of the warning order, but generally the 5 paragraph OPORD format is used. Regardless of format, the warning order should include all known information that is critical to beginning troop preparation for the mission. Remember to weigh the amount of information to be given verse amount of time to prepare and issue the warning order. The most important part of issuing a warning order is giving your men the maximum amount of time to prepare for the mission while you continue to finalize the OPORD.

1. Situation: Include all critical information in regards to terrain and enemy analysis. Point out the objective and area of operation on the map.

2. Mission: Give tentative mission. If known provide task and purpose to subordinate units (this is not always determined at this point of the planning process)

3. Execution: a. General Instructions o tentative task organization o special teams – EPW, aid and litter, demo, compass, pace o uniform and equipment common to all o special weapons, ammunition, or equipment to prepare b. Specific Instructions o specific tasks to SLs, RTO, medic, FO, attachments o who will prepare the terrain model, overlays, concept sketches, rehearsal site, etc o preparation of non-organic equipment o use of interpreter to prepare tactical signs or cards c. Timeline (known critical times) o time of OPORD o earliest time of movement o inspection times o platoon and company rehearsal times o probable time of execution

4. Service Support: (your PSG is the subject matter expert for this paragraph) o give tentative mode of transportation (air, dismounted, mounted) o how much ammunition, food, and water should be secured o do we need additional medical supplies o are there any other supplies we need to secure

5. Command and Signal: use your RTO to prepare this paragraph o are there any critical communication preparations (radio fill, obtaining special radio frequencies, etc) o when will radio communication be tested and confirmed

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MAKE A TENTATIVE PLAN, FM 3-21.8, CH 5; FM 7-10, CH 2, Change 2, FM 34-130, CH 2

When making a tentative plan you are developing the best possible course of action based on the information you currently have on hand. During this time you must use all available resources: imagery, UAV coverage, PSG and SLs experience, Human intelligence reports,Reconnaissance assets reports, etc. You will develop this plan and issue to your subordinates. This plan could change with the addition of new information on the battlefield (most notably during your leader’s reconnaissance of the objective). Any platoon leader can make a plan. The best platoon leaders effectively analyze the terrain and enemy to determine the weaknesses to exploit and strengths tomitigate to make the most efficient and effective plan to finish decisively. This is what your men will expect from you.

STEP ONE: MISSION ANALYSIS The following steps are taken to conduct mission analysis. All of this information will come directly from the higher headquarters order. At the end of mission analysis you should have an understanding of all the tasks you are to accomplish and how you fit into the overall mission of your commanders.

a. Determine your higher unit’s mission, commander’s intent, and concept of the operations (1 and 2 levels up) b. Determine all specified tasks: these are tasks that you are specifically told to accomplish by your commander. (For example: you

will secure and mark the company casualty collection point) c. Determine all implied tasks: these are tasks that you deduce must be accomplished in order to accomplish your designated tasks.

(For example: If you are told to kill or capture a certain high value target, the implied task would be to obtain and distribute a picture of this target)

d. Determine the essential task: this is the most important task to be accomplished. It is typically found in your task and purpose from your commander and will be used in developing your restated mission.

e. Determine constraints: There are two types of constraints. Constraints that require action and those that prohibit action. o Constraints that require action: Anything that you are told to do that limits how you may accomplish your operation is considered a constraint. (For example: if you are told to initiate movement NLT 0300, this would be considered a constraint because you must leave at a certain time and this will effect how long you can prepare for the operation) o Constraints that prohibit action: Anything that you are prohibited from doing that limits how you may accomplish an operation is considered a constraint. (For example: No indirect fires within 100 meters of any buildings would be a constraint because it prevents the use of indirect fires and will force you to rely on direct fire weapons. f. Determine risks: There are risks inherent in every combat situation. You must analyze risks to mitigate in the preparation of your

plan. (For example: the risk of vehicle rollover is possible so you would need to mitigate this risk by designating max speeds and conducting rollover drills or vehicle recovery drills)

g. Write Restated Mission: This is the mission of your unit as you understand it after analyzing the higher headquarters order. It should follow the standard mission format: Who, What, Where, When, Why

STEP TWO: ANALYZE THE SITUATION The tool we use to analyze the situation is METT-TC (mission, enemy, terrain, time available, troops available, civil considerations). This acronym is commonly rewritten as TMTET-C to more closely resemble the order in which we analyze the situation – time available, the mission, the terrain, the enemy, our troops, and civil considerations.

a. TIME AVAILABLE: time available is the first step in analyzing the situation. By analyzing the time we can understand how soonuntil we initiate movement which dictates the amount of time we have to plan, issue the order, and conduct rehearsals. You mustfollow the 1/3 – 2/3 rule. Leaders take no more than 1/3 of the time available to plan and issue the order. The remaining 2/3 time is given to subordinates to plan and prepare for the mission.

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b. MISSION: During mission analysis we determined our restated mission IAW higher headquarters’ guidance. This restated mission will allow us to develop our plan.

c. TERRAIN ANALYSIS: The tool we use to analyze the terrain is OAKOC (obstacles, avenues of approach, Key terrain, observation and fields of fire, cover and concealment). When you analyze these categories the most important part is to determine how theseaspects will affect the enemy and you during your operation. When analyzing the terrain we also analyze the weather using the military aspects of weather (visibility, wind, precipitation, cloud cover, temperature/humidity).

(1) Obstacles: There are two types of obstacles – existing and reinforcing. o existing obstacles are obstacles that are pre-existing in the environment. For example: lakes, rivers, roads, etc. o reinforcing obstacles are obstacles that have been emplaced to fix, block, disrupt, or turn your forces. For example: minefields, wire, tank ditches, etc. (2) Avenues of Approach: You must analyze the available avenues of approach for your forces (air, dismounted, mounted). Youmust also analyze the avenues of approach the enemy can use (air, dismounted, mounted). Don’t forget to think about where the enemy can reinforce from, routes he may take to withdrawal, routes he may take to flank your forces, etc. (3) Key Terrain: Key terrain is any terrain that provides a marked advantage to you or the enemy. Identify key terrain and determine how you will deal with this terrain (whether you will avoid it, seize it, etc) (4) Observation and Fields of Fire: Determine how far you will be able to observe the enemy and how far he can observe you. What will be the range of your weapon systems? Are you operating in limited visibility? How effective will your NVDs be? Etc. (5) Cover and Concealment: Cover is protection from direct or indirect fire (trees, bunkers, overhead cover, etc). Concealment is protection from observation.

Weather Analysis: (1) Visibility: limited, clear, fog, etc (2) Wind: give wind speed and direction. Describe how this will effect the use of smoke, noise detection, scent, chemical munitions, etc. (3) Precipitation: The amount of rain. Describe how it effects the streams and marsh lands, how it will reduce the amount of noise when moving, effects on enemy morale, etc. (4) Cloud cover: Describe how the clouds will limit air support, effect the NVDs, reduce visibility, etc. (5) Temperature/humidity: Describe the effects of hot or cold weather on troop movement, morale, and need for additional water or equipment

d. ENEMY ANALYSIS: The analysis of the enemy is one of the most difficult portions of developing your plan. You must put yourself in the shoes of the enemy and determine how he plans to accomplish his mission based on his experience and capabilities.When analyzing how the enemy will accomplish his mission you must take into account your deductions from your terrain analysis.Terrain analysis plus analysis of the enemy’s disposition, composition, and capabilities will determine the enemy’s course of action.

(1) Disposition: Location and task and purpose of enemy units 1 and 2 levels up and 1 level down. (For example: if I am facing a squad sized enemy on my objective. I must know the location and T&P of the platoon and company, and determine the task and purpose of the two teams in the squad)

(2) Composition and Strengths: This is how the unit is doctrinally organized to fight – number of personnel in a team, number of squads in a platoon, etc. Strengths refers to the actual combat power of the enemy: the number of personnel, number and type of weapons, types of vehicles, etc.

(3) Capabilities: To analyze the enemy’s capabilities we use a tool called the relative combat power analysis (RCPA). This is themost difficult part of enemy analysis, but also when done correctly it is the most revealing for how the enemy will fight. There are several methods used for the RCPA. One method is to use the elements of combat power (FLIPM: Firepower, Leadership, Information, Protection, Maneuver) for your RCPA. The most important outcome from the RCPA is to determine the enemy’s strengths you will mitigate and his weaknesses that you will exploit.

o Firepower: Weapon system capabilities (ranges, burst radius, what can it accomplish), Indirect fires, CAS, CCA, Air Defense Weapons, Ammo supply, target acquisition, etc. o Leadership: How well trained are they, what is their morale (have they been successful), are they under a capable leader, are they fighting for a cause or because they are told to, how is their command and control, etc. o Information: Are they using local population to gather intelligence, what is their communication capability, are they in a familiar area, what kind of recon assets or observation posts do they have out, etc. o Protection: Are they in buildings, do they have overhead cover, do they have protective obstacles, do they have enough personnel to control their area, do they have a reserve, air support, etc. o Maneuver: Are their mounted assets, do they have mobile weapon systems, do they have air assets to move, are they wearing local clothes to blend in, does the terrain support their movement, is re-supply available, what are the triggers for commitment of additional forces (triggers for reserve elements), etc.

(4) Enemy Course of Action Statement and Situational Template: The enemy course of action statement includes a standard set ofinformation (listed below). The Situational template is a graphical depiction of how the enemy will be positioned to accomplishtheir decisive point. We use the situational template to help explain the enemy course of action statement. Enemy Course of Action Statement consists of the following: o Type of operation the enemy is conducting o Task and purpose of the enemy main effort (ME) and all supporting efforts (SE) o Decisive point and why it is decisive

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o Critical aspects to the enemy operation o Purpose of critical battlefield operating systems (indirect fires, engineers, air support, etc) o Endstate

Situational Template should consist of the following: o Location of units on the objective o Fighting positions and locations of weapon systems o Obstacles o Indirect fire targets o range fans

(5) Most probable course of action (MPCOA): The MPCOA is how you expect the enemy to fight from start to finish. Describe exactly how you expect the enemy to fight you.

(6) Most dangerous course of action (MDCOA): The MDCOA is the most dangerous thing you believe the enemy could do to you. It should be a possible COA. (For example: A MDCOA could be the enemy identifying your approach to the objective and reorienting all weapons systems overwatching your approach)

e. TROOPS AVAILABLE: Troops available refers to the combat power that you can bring to the fight. All current troops, weapon systems, and vehicles. Do not forget about detachments or attachments.

f. CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS: Civil considerations is an analysis of the population you will encounter in your area of operation. Thisis extremely important in an urban area. How the population perceives and reacts to you will have a major impact on your operations.

STEP THREE: DEVELOP COURSES OF ACTOIN (COAs) When developing your Course of action you are determining the best way to accomplish the mission. In order to successfully do this you must incorporate the terrain and enemy analysis to make the most effective plan. Focus on exploiting the enemy’s weaknesses and mitigating his strengths. There are six steps to Course of Action Development. (1) Analyze Relative Combat Power: During this step you will determine the amount of combat power you have available to bringto the fight. Do not forget about attachments or detachments. (2) Generate Options: During this step you are attempting to come up with all of the possible ways to accomplish the mission.You must attempt to think outside the box and develop the most efficient way to complete the mission. You must use your PSG and SLs to help wargame and develop ideas. (For example: If your mission is to destroy enemy forces entrenched on a hilltop, you immediately think of how to suppress and flank those forces. Another option that is not traditional and may be more efficient would be to overwatch likely withdrawal routes and use indirect fires to force the enemy to attempt to withdrawal). Use your subordinate leaders and think outside the box. At the completion of this step you will have developed a tentative decisive point and the task and purposes for your subordinate units. (3) Array Initial Forces: Here you determine the number of units and types of weapons needed to accomplish the mission. Youdetermine how these forces should be outfitted and where they will be located on the battlefield. (4) Develop Schemes of Maneuver: This is where you will spend the bulk of your time in COA development. Here you develop your plan from start to finish. Be sure to use your subordinates to assist in this process. There are several things to think about during this process. o movement routes, order of movement, dismount points, link-up points, etc o CCPs, medical evacuation during the operation, etc o actions in the ORP, isolation of the objective, staging at assault positions for the attack o location of SBF, fratricide prevention, signals o decisive point (the refined point or place on the battlefield in which you believe the tide of the battle will turn in your favor – for example: Decisive to the operation is destruction of the headquarters element. This is decisive because it will trigger the withdrawal of the remaining forces) o actions on the objective o consolidation and positioning for counter attack and withdrawal (5) Assign Headquarters: During this step you will ensure that all needed subordinates have been used and that a clear leader has been established for each element. (For example: if you have a weapons squad and a line squad as the SBF, who is in charge – the weapons squad leader or the line squad leader – you must designate this) (6) Prepare Course of Action Statements and Sketches: During this step you develop your COA statement and COA Sketch. Your COA sketch must depict how you expect your forces to be arrayed on the battlefield when you accomplish your decisive point. Your COA Statement is written in paragraph form and must contain the following. o Type of operation you are conducting

o Task and purpose of your units: ME and all SEs o Decisive point and why it is decisive o Critical aspects to your operation o Purpose of critical battlefield operating systems (indirect fires, engineers, air support, etc)

o End state

Example COA Statement: We will accomplish this by conducting a penetration. 1st squad, ME, T: destroy P: Prevent enemy influence in the AO; 2nd squad, SE1, T: Isolate P: Prevent enemy repositioning against the ME; 3rd squad, SE2, T: follow and support P: Facilitate ME’s movement across the objective; 4th squad, SE3, T: SBF P: Allow ME movement onto the objective. Decisive to the operation is the destruction of the

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mounted heavy machine gun. This is decisive because it will prevent the enemy ability to emplace effective fires on the assault force. Critical to the operation is undetected infiltration into assault positions and effective isolation of the objective. Purpose of mortars is to fix enemy forces on the objective. Purpose of engineers is to mobility. At the end of this operation the enemy will be destroyed and we will be positioned for follow on operations.

STEP FOUR: ANALYZE COA’s We analyze all courses of actions that we have developed to ensure they accomplish the mission and that the contain all necessary information: (1) Ensure the mission essential task is accomplished (2) ID risks that will be taken (3) ID where critical decisions will be made that may influence which COA you will use (4) ID advantages and disadvantages of all Coast (5) Use Sols, PSG, RTO, Medic, and FO to assist in war gaming all Coast to determine which is the most effective and efficient.

STEP FIVE: COMPARE COURSES OF ACTIONS During this step you are comparing the advantages and disadvantages of all Coast you have developed. You are attempting to determine which plan will be most effective against the enemy. Oftentimes you may combine the best parts of different Coast to develop the most effective plan.

STEP SIX: COURSE OF ACTION SELECTION (DECISION) You determine, based on your analysis, which COA is the best. Then you will review this plan to ensure all necessary information has been included.

INITIATE MOVEMENT, FM 3-21.8, CH 5 During this phase of the TLP process you initiate movement necessary to prepare for the mission. You may reposition to a particular LD, pick-up zone, battle position, etc. You may also initiate the departure of reconnaissance assets to move toward the objective, position for overwatch, or recon a particular route.

CONDUCT RECONNAISSANCE, FM 3-21.8, CH 5 Typically at this point of the operation you have already conducted a map reconnaissance, drive by, fly over, or used UAV imagery. It is still imperative to conduct a leader’s reconnaissance of the objective prior to your assault. This is done to confirm any intelligence requirements that will determine if your tentative plan continues to be feasible. Oftentimes, intelligence will be received that will force you to modify your tentative plan.

COMPLETE THE PLAN, FM 3-21.8, CH 5 Prior to beginning your operation you have already developed the must complete plan possible during the make a tentative plan of the TLPs. After your leader’s reconnaissance and receipt of real time intelligence on the objective you will complete the plan. Make necessary changes to the tentative plan and issue all changes to subordinates.

ISSUE THE ORDER, FM 3-21.8, CH 5; FM 7-10, CH 2 An Operation Order (OPORD) is a directive issued by a leader to his subordinates in order to effect the coordinated execution of a specific operation. A five paragraph format is used to organize the briefing, to ensure completeness, and to help subordinate leaders understand and follow the order. Use a terrain model or sketch along with a map to explain the order. When possible, such as in the defense, give the order while observing the objective. In a tactical setting, the PSG, SLs, FO, RTO, medic, and any other attachment leader will attend. In a non-tactical setting, the entire platoon and attachments can attend. The following personnel may assist in completing the following parts of the order process:

PL – Paragraph I, II, III, & V (Command, Signal Plan for Actions on OBJ) PSG – Paragraph IV, all annexes with emphasis on movement annexes, the medic will be used to assist in medical planning SLs – SLs can be used to assist in development of many aspects of the operation. These include but are not limited to: routes, grids to rally points, LDA, isolating positions, ORP, patrol base, contingencies, etc. WSL – Weapons effects and capabilities on the objective, preparation of the rehearsal site TLs – Terrain model development RTO – Paragraph V (general information) FO – Fires plan and capabilities

When issuing an operations order you must ensure that you first have wargamed/refined your plan with the PSG, SLs, and support personnel. Always rehearse your brief (at a minimum actions on the objective) prior to briefing your plan. Always be confident and authoritativewhen briefing. There is nothing wrong with using notes for certain portions of your OPORD. However, remember that you must know your plan from start to finish off the top of your head. Your subordinates want to feel that you know what to do and how to do it. If you read your entire plan off of a paper order or must consistently look at notes to remember the next step in the operation you will not earn the confidence of your men.

OPORD FORMAT: Operations orders follow the 5 paragraph format (Situation, Mission, Execution, Service and Support, and Command & Signal). There are many different portions to each of these paragraphs that must be doctrinally included. There are several methods on how to organize your brief. Refer to the Ranger Handbook CH 2 and FM 7-10, CH 2 for additional methods. While here at IBOLC you will master the latest method IAW the Maneuver Captain’s Career Course. You are taught this method so that you will be able to effectively interpret and relay

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information from your Commander’s orders. Additionally, you may often times find yourself developing orders from intelligence you gather within your area of operation and you must know how to analyze and develop complete orders. The order of brief you should use whenbriefing your OPORD is depicted below:

ORDER OF BRIEF: • Task Organization (Draw it out and show ME, SEs, and organic weapon systems) • Terrain Analysis:

• AO/AI briefed off of Graphical Terrain Overlay. Your AO is the boundaries and your AI (maybe multiple AIs) are what can influence your operation, show it on the map and tell why they are an area of interest (For example: “AI #1 is a squad size element capable of reinforcing within 15 minutes”)

• OAKOC w/ significant deductions on enemy and friendly forces • Brief your significant deductions off of the map with your graphical terrain overlay (you can use your notes) • Brief significant factors in your AO or if they could influence your AO (possibly key terrain (large hill) on the

border of your AO) • Weather w/ effects on enemy and friendly

• Use the five military aspects of terrain (Visibility, wind, precipitation, cloud cover, temperature/humidity). If some of this information has been covered in your terrain analysis, you do not have to cover it again.

• Enemy Analysis: • Disposition (Show location on map and give task and purpose only 2 levels up and one level down)• Composition/Strengths (use the composition tree out of higher’s order) – just tell the strengths (i.e. weapon systems,

vehicles, bombs, etc) do not start going into your elements of combat power • Relative Combat Power Analysis: Brief all elements of combat power. Tell the significant strengths and weaknesses,

what they mean to the operation and how you will mitigate or exploit them. • Recent Activities • Brief Enemy Mission (put in 5 Ws if you know them all) • COA Statement: Brief the enemy’s concise COA Statement while pointing out what you are talking about off of the

enemy SITTEMP on your blow up. (SITTEMP is oriented around their decisive point) • Brief MPCOA (Course of Battle) with the use of “flips” (overlays) or a terrain model that graphically depicts what you

are talking about. Brief the enemy’s plan in the detail you have from start to finish • Brief the MDCOA. This could be one more flip or just talking about it if you don’t need a flip. The MDCOA is briefed

AFTER you have completed the Course of Battle covering the MPCOA • Mission Analysis: Mission, Intent, and Concept (off of sketch) two levels up

• Brief your BN Cdr’s Mission, then his intent, then brief the BN’s COA Statement (Concept of the operation) while showing what you are talking about off of his Concept Sketch

• Now do the same for the Company Mission, Intent and Concept • Platoon mission

• COA Statement (Brief from COA Sketch) • Scheme of maneuver (start to finish/Friendly Course of Battle)

• This is the big piece. Use your blow-ups or the terrain model to communicate your plan to your subordinates. This is where you will incorporate all the deductions you have made during the analysis process)

• As you brief this remember to give specific guidance to what you want accomplished all the way from the very start of the operation to the very end.

• Reference the Ranger Handbook, CH 2 for additional guidance on what should be included in your scheme of maneuver • Coordinating Instructions (reference Ranger Handbook, CH 2) • Service Support (use your PSG to brief this paragraph) cover all necessary information: - Classes of supply - CCPs, casualty evacuation plan, special instructions to medical personnel - EPWs - Transportation - Maintenance • Command and Signal (use your RTO to brief this paragraph) - Reference Ranger Handbook, CH 2

SUPERVISE AND REFINE, FM 3-21.8, CH 5 Supervision never ends. After issuing the OPORD you must supervise that all preparations are being made and all time is being maximized. Utilize the following to supervise o confirmation briefs (backbriefs) o rehearsals (map rehearsal, terrain model rehearsals, reduced-force rehearsal, full-force rehearsal) o inspections (pre-combat checks and pre-combat inspections)

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CHAPTER THREE: DOCTRINAL QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE

FM 3-21.10Troop Leading Procedures: (FM 3-21.10) An instinctive process by which you receive, plan, and execute a mission. A way of thinking. Receive the Mission Issue a Warning Order Make a tentative plan Initiate movement Conduct Reconnaissance Complete the plan Issue complete Operations Order Supervise (Inspect and Rehearse)

Steps of Mission Analysis: METT-TC (FM 3-21.10) METT-TC is a tool that assists in developing the situation you will encounter on the battlefield. Step one, Mission, refers to analyzing the commander’s mission and intent and the mission essential task you have been assigned. This results in your restated mission, and allows you to then complete the estimate of the situation. Mission Enemy Terrain and Weather Troops Available Time Civilians

Traditional Military Aspects of Terrain: OAKOC (3-21.10) OAKOC is a tool that assists in your terrain analysis. You must consider every factor.

Observation and Fields of Fire (ability to see the battlefield and engage with fires) Avenues of Approach (air or ground route of an attacking force leading to its objective) Key Terrain (location which the control of affords a marked advantage to either combatant) Obstacles (existing or reinforcing obstacles that limit mobility) Cover and Concealment (terrain that provides protection from fire or observation)

Seven Battlefield Operating Systems: (FM 3.21.10) The seven battlefield operating systems depict the various capabilities in your unit. Your plan must take into consideration each of these systems. Intelligence Maneuver Fire Support Mobility, Counter-mobility, survivability Air Defense Combat Service Support Command and Control

FM 3-0Principles of War: (FM 3-0, 4.12-4.18) MOOSEMUSSThe nine principles of war are not a checklist. They summarize the characteristics of successful Army Operations and must be taken into consideration in every operation.

Mass Objective

Offensive Surprise Economy of Force Maneuver Unity of Command Security Simplicity

Tenets of Army Operations: (FM 3-0, 4.15-4.18) DIVAS The tenets of Army Operations build on the Principles of War and further describe the characteristics of successful operations.

Depth (extension of operations in time, space, and resources) Initiative (setting the terms of action throughout the operation) Versatility (ability to meet the global and diverse mission requirements of full spectrum ops) Agility (the ability to move and adjust quickly and easily) Synchronization (arranging activities in time, space, and purpose to mass maximum combat power at a decisive place and time)

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Elements of Combat Power: (FM 3-0, 4.3-4.11) FLIP’MThe goal is to synchronize the elements of combat power to create overwhelming effects on the enemy at the decisive time and place in the battle in order to accomplish the mission. Firepower Leadership Information Protection Maneuver

Full Spectrum of Operations: (FM 3-0, 1.14-1.17) The Army conducts four types of military operations that comprise the full spectrum of operations. Offensive Defensive Support Stability

Decisive Point: (FM 3-0, 5.7) The definition of a decisive point varies depending on which FM you are reading. Basically a decisive point is the point in a mission where you will mass the effects of your combat power to achieve a result with respect to terrain, enemy, and time in order to accomplish your mission. The decisive effort (AKA main effort) is always tasked with accomplishing the decisive point. A decisive point is a geographic place, specific key event, or enabling system that allows commanders to gain a marked advantage over an enemy and greatly influence the outcome of an attack.

Commander’s Intent: (FM 3-0, 5.14) The Commander’s Intent will be developed by your commander. It is what he wants to accomplish during the mission regardless of how the situation develops. His intent will allow you to take the initiative to accomplish his mission as the battle unfolds.The Commander’s Intent is a clear, concise statement of what the force must do and the conditions the force must meet to succeed with respect to the enemy, terrain, and the desired end state.

Purpose of Offensive Operations: (FM 3-0, 7.2) Offensive operations seek to seize, retain, and exploit the initiative to defeat the enemy decisively.

Characteristics of Offensive Operations: (FM 3-0, 7.4-7.6) SCATSurprise (attacking in a time, place, or manner for which the enemy is unprepared) Concentration (massing of overwhelming effects of combat power to achieve a single purpose) Audacity (a simple plan of action, boldly executed) Tempo (controlling the rate of action to retain the initiative)

Types of Attack: (FM 3-0, 7.19) An attack is one of four types of offensive operations (attack, movement to contact, exploitation, and pursuit). It is characterized as an offensive operation that seeks to destroy or defeat enemy forces and is comprised of three main types. Hasty Attack (limited planning and used to seize opportunities or initiative) Deliberate Attack (highly synchronized and planned attacks) Special Purpose Attack

- Spoiling Attack (used to disrupt enemy while he is in the process of planning or preparing to attack) - Counterattack (used by defending force to deny the enemy his goal in attacking) - Raid (usually a swift attack followed by a planned withdrawal) - Ambush (an attack from concealed positions on an enemy force/maximizes surprise)

- Feint (a deceptive attack that seeks direct fire contact with enemy but avoids a decisive engagement/used to deceive enemy as to time and place of main attack) - Demonstration (a deceptive attacks that avoids direct contact with enemy/used to deceive enemy as to time and place of main attack)

Purpose of Defensive Operations: (FM 3-0, 8.1) Defensive operations are designed to defeat enemy attacks, buy time, economize forces, and develop conditions favorable for resuming offensive operations.

Characteristics of Defensive Operations: (FM 3-0, 8.2-8.3) PMS-DFPreparation (arrive before the attacker and use available time to prepare) Massing Effects (mass the effects of overwhelming combat power where you choose) Security (deceive the enemy of friendly locations, strengths and weaknesses) Disruption (actions designed to disrupt attacker’s tempo and synchronization to prevent them from massing combat power) Flexibility (ability to reposition combat power to defeat enemy attacks)

FM 3-06.11Fundamentals of Urban Operations: (FM 3-06.11, 1.9-1.12) When you conduct urban operations the below fundamentals must be understood and applied. Your operations must always take intoaccount the below fundamentals.

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Perform focused information operations and aggressive intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance Conduct close combat Avoid the attrition approach Control the essential Minimize collateral damage Separate combatants from noncombatants Restore essential services Preserve critical infrastructure Understand the human dimension Transition control

Types of Urban Offensive Operations: (FM 3-06.11, 4.21-4.28) Movement to Contact, Search and Attack technique Attack on a single axis Attack on multiple axes Cordon and attack Fix and Bypass Multiple nodal attacks

Phases of a Deliberate Urban Attack: (FM 3-06.11, 4.31-4.35) Recon the Objective Move to the Objective Isolate the Objective Secure a Foothold Clear an Urban area Consolidate/Reorganize and prepare for future missions

FM 3-21.8Five Paragraphs to the Operations Order: (FM 3-21.8, 5-21) Situation Mission (Who, What, Where, When, Why) Execution Service and Support Command and Signal

Parts of a Fire Command: (FM 3-21.8, 2-22) Alert Direction Description Range Method Command to Fire

Battle Drills: (FM 7-8, Chapter 4) Battle drills apply to platoon size and smaller units, are standard throughout the Army, and are trained responses to certain enemy actions)

1. Platoon Attack 1A. Squad Attack 2. React to Contact 3. Break Contact 4. React to Ambush 5. Knock out Bunkers 6. Enter Building/Clear Room 7. Enter/Clear a Trench 8. Conduct Initial Breach of a Mined Wire Obstacle

Principles of Patrolling: (Ranger Handbook/Chapter 5) Planning Reconnaissance Security Control Common Sense

Movement Techniques: (FM 3-21.8, 3-20) Traveling (Enemy contact unlikely-maximizes speed) Traveling Overwatch (Enemy contact possible or likely) Bounding Overwatch (Enemy contact expected-slowest technique)

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Platoon Formations: (FM 3-21.8, 3-12) Platoon Column Platoon Line (Squads on Line) Platoon Line (Squads in Column) Platoon Vee Platoon Wedge Platoon File

Defensive Positions: (FM 3-21.8, 8-3) Primary – provides soldier with best means to accomplish the mission covering a sector of fire Alternate – covers same sector of fire as primary position and is used when primary loses effectiveness Supplementary – covers a different sector of fire and is occupied to deny enemy attack from that direction (usually oriented along flanks and rear of platoon battle position) Subsequent – covers the same sector as the primary position and is located in depth through the defensive area

MTPMTP stands for Mission Training Plan and it provides the standards for training. The following are a list of the manuals you may need. (Note: ARTEP – Army Training and Evaluation Program)

ARTEP 7-10-MTP – “Mission Training Plan for the Infantry Rifle Company” ARTEP 7-8 MTP – “Mission Training Plan for the Infantry Rifle Platoon and Squad” ARTEP 71-1-MTP – “Mission Training Plan for the Tank and Mechanized Infantry Company and Company Team” ARTEP 7-8-Drill – used to train platoon and squad tasks covering infantry Drills MQS and STP Manuals – provide standards for individual task training

The above are manuals used to evaluate training and are highly under used. They are an excellent tool and will assist in your training and evaluation of your platoon. Ensure your NCOs utilize these tools.

FM 3-25.26Major Terrain Features: (FM 3-25.26, 10.12) Hill SaddleValley RidgeDepression

Minor Terrain Features: (FM 3-25.26, 10.14) DrawSpurCliff

Organization of the Light, Mechanized, Stryker Infantry Platoon, Tank, and Cavalry Platoon

Light Infantry Platoon: 3 x 9 man rifle squads (M4, 2Xm203, 2Xm249) 1 x 9 man weapons squad (M4, 2Xm240, 2Xclu-Command Launch Unit for Javelin)

Mechanized Infantry Platoon: 4 x Bradley Fighting Vehicles (1x25mm cannon, 1Xtow, 1Xm240C coaxial machine gun) 3 x 9 man rifle squads (M4, 2Xm203, 2Xm249, 1Xm240B, 1Xclu)

Stryker Infantry Platoon: 4 x Infantry Carrying Vehicles (Stryker) (Remote Weapons Station with TOW, .50 Cal, MK19, or M240B) 3 x 9 man rifle squads (M4, 2Xm203, 2Xm249, 1Xm24, 1Xclu) 1 x 7 man weapons squad (M4, 2Xm240B)

Tank Platoon: 4 x M1A1 Tanks (1x120mm Cannon, 1Xm2 .50 Cal, 2Xm240C)

Light Armored Cavalry Platoon: Cavalry Units are a mixture of Tank, Bradley, and HMMWV vehicles.

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

A&L AA AB ACE ADA AMCIT ANCD AO AP AR AT BMNT

BTC CAS CCP CFL CLS COA CP CQB CQM DP DTG DZ EENT

EPW FASCAM FFE FFUFOFPF FPL FRAGO GRN IAW IRIRPKIA LDA LOA LUP LURP LZ MDCOA

MOPP

MPCOA

Aid & Litter Assembly Area Ammo Bearer Ammo, Casualty, Equipment Air Defense Artillery American Citizen Automated Net Control Device Area of Operation Anti-PersonnelAutomatic Rifleman Anti-Tank Beginning Morning Nautical TwilightBridge Team Commander Close Air Support Casualty Collection Point Coordinated Fire Line Combat Lifesaver Course of Action Command Post Close Quarters Battle Close Quarters Marksmanship Decisive Point Date Time Group Drop Zone Early Evening Nautical TwilightEnemy Prisoner of War Family of Scatterable Mines Fire For Effect Friendly Forward Unit Forward Observer Final Protective Fire Final Protective Line Fragmentary Order Grenadier In Accordance With Intelligence Requirement, Initial Rally Point Killed In Action Linear Danger Area Limit of Advance Link Up Point Link Up Rally Point Landing Zone Most Dangerous Course of ActionMission Oriented Protective PostureMost Probable Course of Action

MTETT

MWENEO

NLT NVD OACOK

OP OPFOR OPORD OPSEC ORP PB PDF PIR

PL PLGR

PPPSGPZ RRFL ROD ROE RON RP RRP RTO S&OSBF SINCGARS

SL SLLS SOI SOSRA

TL TOE

TRP WARNO WIA

Mission, Terrain, Equipment, Troops, Time Men, Weapons, Equipment Noncombatant Evacuation Operation No Later Than Night Vision Device Observation and Fields of Fire, Avenues of Approach, Cover and Concealment, Obstacles, Key Terrain Observation Post Opposing Force Operations Order Operations Security Objective Rally Point Patrol Base Principal Direction of Fire Priority Intelligence RequirementPlatoon Leader Precision Lightweight Global Position System Receiver Passage Point Platoon Sergeant Pickup Zone RiflemanRestricted Fire Line Rest Over Day Rules of Engagement Rest Over Night Release Point, Rally Point Reentry Point Radio Telephone Operator Surveillance & Observation Support By Fire Single Channel Ground to Airborne Radio System Squad Leader Stop, Look, Listen, Smell Signal Operating Instructions Suppress, Obscure, Secure, Reduce, Assault Team Leader Table of Organizational EquipmentTarget Reference Point Warning Order Wounded In Action

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OPERATIONAL TERMS AND GRAPHICS, FM 1-02

AMBUSH (1-8) A surprise attack by fire from concealed positions on a moving or temporarily halted enemy.

ATTACK BY FIRE (1-13) Fires (direct and indirect) employed to destroy the enemy from a distance, normally used when the mission does not dictate or support occupation of the objective. This task is usually given to the supporting element during the offensive and as a counterattack option for the reserve during defensive operations. An attack by fire is not done in conjunction with a maneuvering force. When assigning this task the commander must specify the intent of fire – either to destroy, fix, or suppress.

BLOCK (1-20) A tactical task assigned to a unit that requires it to deny the enemy access to a given area or to an enemy advance in a given direction or avenue of approach. It may be for a specified time. Units assigned this mission may have to retain terrain and accept decisive engagement. 2. An obstacle effect that integrates fire planning and obstacle effort to stop an attacker on a specific avenue of approach or to prevent an enemy from exiting an engagement area.

BREACH (1-23) A tactical task where any means available are employed to break through or secure a passage through an enemy defense, obstacle, or minefield, or fortification.

BYPASS (1-23) A tactical task that involves maneuvering around an obstacle, position or enemy force to, maintain the momentum of advance. Bypassed obstacles and enemy forces are reported to higher headquarters.

CANALIZE (1-23) A tactical task used to restrict operations to a narrow zone by the use of obstacles, fires, or unit maneuvering or positioning.

CLEAR (1-28) A tactical task to remove all enemy forces and eliminate organized resistance in an assigned zone, area, or location, by destroying, capturing, or forcing the withdrawal of enemy forces such that they cannot interfere with the friendly unit’s ability to accomplish its mission. 2. To eliminate transmissions in a tactical zone on a tactical radio net in order to allow a higher precedence transmission to occur. 3. The total elimination or neutralization of an obstacle that is usually performed by follow-on engineers and in not done under fire.

CONTAIN (1-37) (JP 1-02) To stop hold, or surround the forces of the enemy or to cause the enemy to center an activity on a given front and to prevent his withdrawing any part of his forces for use elsewhere. (Army) A tactical task to restrict enemy movement.

COUNTERATTACK (1-39) An attack with a reserve or lightly committed forward element that is launched after the enemy begins his attack, after the commander has identified the enemy’s effort, or when resolute defense creates an assailable flank.

COVER (1-41) C CC C

1. Shelter or protection from enemy observation that reduces the effects of enemy direct and indirect fire. 2. A type of security operation that protects the force from surprise, develops the situation, and gives the commanders time and space in which to respond to the enemy’s actions.

DELAY (1-48, 1-49)

DDA tactical task to either disrupt or nullify the enemy force commander’s plan and subdue his will to fight so that he is unwilling or unable to further pursue his adopted course of action and yields to the will of his opponent.

DESTROY (1-51) Delay in sector: Used to slow and defeat as much of the enemy as possible without sacrificing the tactical integrity of the unit; presents low risk to a unit. Delay in sector can be done by forces in the covering force area or in the main battle area. Delay from successive battle positions: Performed when a sector is so wide that available forces cannot occupy more than a single tier of positions at a time. Maneuver units delay continuously on and between positions throughout their sectors fighting rearward from one position to another, holding each as long as possible or for a specified time.

DISRUPT (1-55) A tactical task to render an enemy force combat ineffective unless it is reconstituted. 2. To render a target so damaged that it cannot function as intended nor be restored to a usable condition without being entirely rebuilt.

FIX (1-68) A tactical task or obstacle that integrates fire planning and obstacle effort to break apart an enemy’s

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formation and tempo, interrupt the enemy’s timetable, or cause premature commitment of enemy forces, or the piecemealing of his attack.

FOLLOW (1-69) A tactical task in which actions are taken to prevent the enemy from moving any part of his forces either from a specific location or for a specific period of time by holding or surrounding them to prevent their withdrawal for use elsewhere. 2. A tactical obstacle effect that integrates fire planning and obstacle effort to slow an attacker within a specified area – normally an engagement area.

FOLLOW & ASSUME (1-69) A term used to broadly define the order of movement of committed or uncommitted combat, combat support, and combat service support forces in a given combat operation. The term is a tactical task in which maneuver control measures must be used.

FOLLOW & SUPPORT (1-69) An operation in which a committed force follows a force conducting an offensive operation and is prepared to continue the mission of the force it is following when that force is fixed, attrited, or otherwise unable to continue. Such a force is not a reserve but is committed to accomplish specified tasks.

GUARD (1-74)

G GG GA form of security operation whose primary task is to protect the main force by fighting to gain time, while also observing and reporting information, and to prevent ground observation of and direct fire against the main body by reconnoitering, attacking, defending, and delaying. A guard force normally operates within range of the main body’s indirect fire weapons.

INTERDICT (1-84) Using fire support or maneuver forces; 1. To seal off an area by any means; to deny use of a route or an approach. 2. A tactical task which is oriented on the enemy to prevent, hinder, or delay the use of an area or route by enemy forces.

ISOLATE (1-86) A tactical task given to a unit to seal off (both physically and psychologically) an enemy from his sources of support to deny an enemy freedom of movement, and to prevent an enemy unit from having contact with other enemy forces. An enemy must not be allowed sanctuary within his present position.

NEUTRALIZE (1-109) 1. To render enemy personnel or material incapable of interfering with a particular operation. 2. To render safe mines, bombs, missiles, and booby traps. 3. To make harmless anything contaminated with a chemical agent.

OCCUPY (1-113) 1. A tactical task in which a force moves onto an objective, or other man-made or natural terrain area without opposition, and controls that entire area. 2. To remain in an area and retain control of that area.

PENETRATE (1-120) (JP 1-02) – In land operations a form of offensive, which seeks to break though the enemy’s defense and disrupt the defensive system. (Army) – A choice of maneuver.

RELIEF IN PLACE (1-132)

RIPRIP

(JP 1-02) – An operation in which, by higher authority, all or part of a unit is replaced in an area by an incoming unit. The responsibilities by the replaced elements for the mission and the assigned zone of operations are transferred to the incoming unit. The incoming unit continues the operation as ordered.

RETAIN (1-133) A tactical task to occupy and hold a terrain feature to ensure it is free of enemy, occupation, or use.

RETIREMENT (1-134)

RR

A form of retrograde operation; a directed rearward movement by a force that is not in contact with the enemy and does not anticipate significant contact with the enemy.

SCREEN (1-137) S SS S

A task to maintain surveillance; provide early warning to the main body; or impede, destroy, and harass enemy reconnaissance within its capability without becoming decisively engaged.

SECURE (1-138) A tactical task to gain possession of a position or terrain feature with or without force and to deploy in a manner which prevents its destruction or loss to enemy action. The attacking force may or may not have to physically occupy the area.

SEIZE (1-138) A tactical task to clear a designated area and obtain it for control of it.

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SUPPORT BY FIRE (1-147) A tactical task in which a maneuver element moves to a position on the battlefield where it can engage the enemy by direst fire to support a maneuvering force by either support by fire, or by overwatching, or by establishing a base of fire. The maneuver element does not attempt to maneuver to capture enemy forces or terrain.

WITHDRAW (1-163)

RWRWW

Listed for both types of withdraw: (JP 1-02) – A planned operation in which a force in contact disengages from an enemy force. (Army) – A type of retrograde where a force in contact plans to disengage from the enemy and move in a direction away from the enemy.

WITHDRAW UNDER PRESSURE (1-163)

RWPRWPWP

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GRAPHICAL QUICK REFERENCEUtilize FM 1-02 for graphical reference. Below are often used symbols as platoon level.

Infantry Team Enemy IN Team Rifle cross country vehicle

Infantry Squad Enemy IN squad Light Machine Gun -M249 w/ heavy MG

Infantry Section Enemy IN section Medium Machine Gun -M240 w/ light grenade launch

Infantry Platoon Enemy IN platoon Individual Grenade Launcher armored personnel carrier

Infantry Company Enemy IN company Light Grenade Launcher heavy tank

Infantry Battalion Enemy tank section

Javelin tracked vehicle

Mechanized Unit Enemy recon section

Antitank weapon w/ antitank rocket

launcher

Stryker Unit Enemy Mech IN section mortar TRP 1

Engineer Squad Enemy artillery section Light mortar (60mm) Target

60mm mortar section Enemy tank

Antipersonnel mine Observation Post

Artillery section Antitank mine

Checkpoint

Recon platoon Antipersonnelminefield

Lane

Medical unit triple strand concertina

Antiarmor unit

J

1

AB0000

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CHAPTER FOUR: WEAPONS CAPABILITIESFOREIGN WEAPON SYSTEMS: Reference World-Wide Equipment Guide

AK 74 5.45mmMER: 800m

RPK 74 5.45mmMER: 1000m

General Purpose Machinegun PKM 7.62mmPractical effective range: 1000m

12.7mm heavy machine gun NSV 12.7mmMER: 2000m

30mm automatic grenade launcher AGS-17 30mmMER: 1200m

73mm recoilless gun SPG-9 73mm rockets (HEAT and HE) HEAT MER: 1000m HE MER: 1300m

40mm anti-tank grenade launcher RPG-7V Effective range: 300m

105mm antitank grenade launcher RPG-29 HEAT MER : 500m

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US WEAPONS CAPABILITIES : FM 3-21.8, Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C, Appendix F

Organic WeaponsWpn Wgt Sus Rapid Cyclic Point Area Max Basic Load

M4 6.49 12-15 45/90 NA 500 600 3600 210 M249 16.41 50 100 850 600 800 3600 600 M203 11 N/A N/A N/A 150 300 450 4WSP

20HEM240 27.6 100 200 650-

950800 1100 3725 900-1100

Anti-armor WeaponsWeapon Wgt Arming Min Safe Stationary Moving Max Back Blast Javelin 14.2 15 65 2000 N/A 2000 25 M72LAW

8 25 30 220 220 1400 40

M136AT4

14.8 10 30 300 300 2100 100

Supporting WeaponsWeapon Weight Length Sustained Rapid Cyclic Point Area Max M2 84 66 40 40 500 1200 1830 6764 MK19 76 43 40 60 375 1500 2212 2212 Mines Antipersonnel

Mine Wgt Explosive Projectile Fuze Max Range Back Blast M18A1 3.5 1.5lb C4 700 Steel

Balls Blasting Cap 250 100

Anti-tank Mine Wgt Explosive Functioning M21 18 4.95kg C4 290lbs of pressure or 20 degree tilt

Indirect Fire Field Artillery Weapon Caliber Max

RangeMin Range Danger

CloseMax Rate Sus Rate

M119 105mm 14,600 Direct Fire 600 6 3 M198 155mm 22,000 Direct Fire 600 4 1 Mortars Weapon Caliber Max

RangeMin Range Danger

CloseMax Rate Sus Rate

M224 60mm 3500 70 300 30 20 M252 81mm 5600 80 300 35 15 FPFs Weapon Caliber Guns Width Depth Minimum Safe distance M224 60mm 2 60m 30m 250m M252 81mm 4 150m 50m 350m M119 105mm BTRY 210m 35m 550m M198 155mm BTRY 400m 50m 725m

Stryker ICV: (utilizes Konsberg Remote Weapons Station-can carry only one of the below weapons at a time) M2 .50 Cal: 1200m point, 1830m area MK 19 (Automatic Grenade Launcher): 1500m point, 2200m area M240C: 900m tracer burn out TOW missile: 3750m Bradley IFV: 25mm cannon: High Explosive 3000m, Anti-personnel 2000m (900 rounds) TOW missile: 3750m (5-7 rounds) M240C: 900m tracer burn out (2200 rounds) M1A1 Tank: 120mm main gun: 3000m (40 rounds) M2 .50 cal: 1200m point, 1830m area (900 rounds) M240C: 900m tracer burn out (11,400 rounds)

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CHAPTER FIVE: MEDICAL REFERENCE

COMBAT LIFE SAVER QUICK REFERENCEIt is imperative that all soldiers be trained in combat life saver techniques. This chapter will provide information covering several common factors encountered in combat. Reference the Combat Lifesaver Course: Student Self-Study Manual (IS0871) and the Tactical CombatCasualty Care Handbook (available at the Center for Army Lessons Learned website - #06-18) for additional information. The informationprovided here is intended for reference for common battlefield injuries. Additional study and attendance to the Combat lifesaver Course is mandatory. There are many additional tasks that must be studied and mastered to be able to effectively treat the injuries you will see in combat.

There are three types of care rendered in the combat environment: (1) Care under fire: This is the care rendered under hostile fire. If under fire, return fire until the enemy is destroyed, move to a protected location, or if unable to do either then play dead until the threat is eliminated. Stop life threatening external hemorrhage (bleeding). (2) Tactical field care: This is the care rendered by buddies and the combat medic after the threat has been eliminated. (3) Combat CASEVAC care: This is the care rendered once the casualty has been moved to a vehicle, aircraft, or boat with additional medical equipment. The casualty is treated enroute to a medical facility or coordination point.

CARE UNDER FIRE: A combat lifesaver’s first duty is to accomplish the mission. His secondary task is to provide life saving treatment. After destroying the threat you will evaluate the situation to ensure it is safe and then move to and evaluate the casualty. Evaluate a Casualty and Administer Life-saving Aid 1. Check the casualty for responsiveness (alert, responds to voice, responds to pain, or unresponsive – AVPU) 2. Position the casualty on his back 3. Check the casualty for breathing 4. Check the casualty for bleeding 5. Check for and treat additional injuries: fractures, burns, head injuries 6. Monitor and prevent shock Your primary responsibility during care under fire is to stop external hemorrhaging (bleeding). Utilize pressure dressings and tourniquets to accomplish this. When moving the casualty to another location ensure you retrieve all sensitive items (make sure you clear weapons before transport). Once you have stopped the bleeding and moved the casualty to a safe location you will continue to evaluate the casualty and treat injuries.

TYPICAL TASKS A COMBAT LIFESAVER MAY PERFORM: Controlling bleeding can be accomplished with several different methods: o applying a dressing and bandage o applying manual pressure o elevating the injured limb o applying a pressure dressing o applying digital pressure o applying a tourniquet

APPLYING A DRESSING AND BANDAGE: The dressing is the material applied directly to the wound. It should be clean and sterile if possible. The dressing will absorb blood and assist in the clotting process. A bandage is the material used to secure the dressing over the wound. When applying a dressing and bandage you must first expose the wound. If clothing has already begun to stick to the wound DO NOT remove it. Removing the material will only stop the clotting process. After applying the bandage ensure that circulation continues below the wound. o DO NOT attempt to clean the wound o DO NOT remove protective clothing in chemical environment o DO NOT attempt to remove items from the wound (shrapnel, etc.)

APPLYING MANUAL PRESSURE: Apply direct pressure to the wound to assist in controlling bleeding. Maintain pressure for 5 to 10 minutes. If bleeding continues apply a pressure dressing over the pre-existing dressing.

ELEVATING THE INJURED LIMB: Elevate the injured limb to assist in the control of bleeding. Before elevating the limb check for fractures. If a fracture is found you must first splint the fracture to avoid additional damage.

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APPLYING A PRESSURE DRESSING: An emergency trauma bandage is often used as a pressure dressing (shown below).

If an emergency trauma bandage is not available a field expedient pressure dressing can be made in the following way: o apply additional dressing material directly over the wound o use a cravat or bandage to wrap tightly around the limb, covering the dressing, and tie a nonslip knot over the wound o DO NOT tie the cravat so tight that it cuts off circulation o apply manual pressure and continue to ensure circulation continues below the wound

APPLYING DIGITAL PRESSURE: Applying digital pressure refers to using the fingers, thumbs, heel or hand, or knee to put pressure against “pressure points” to attempt to restrict the amount of blood flowing through the artery to the wound. Below is a graphic depicting several commonly used “pressure points”

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APPLYING A TOURNIQUET: If all of the previous methods fail you will need to apply a tourniquet. Tourniquets are not used for wounds on the head, neck, chest or abdominal areas. When under fire and a casualty is bleeding from an extremity the recommended technique to control bleeding is to apply a tourniquet and then loosen and attempt to control bleeding with less extreme means. A combat application tourniquet is available on the battlefield (shown below). If a CAT is not available a field expedient tourniquet will be used.

To apply a tourniquet follow these rules: o apply tourniquet two inches above the wound o DO NOT use any material less than one inch in thickness as a tourniquet o NEVER remove a tourniquet that has been in place for more than six hours o ALWAYS mark casualty with time the tourniquet was applied for future reference and never cover the tourniquet with clothing or a blanket (medical personnel may not see the tourniquet if this is done) o After the tourniquet has succeeded in stopping the bleeding you may loosen the tourniquet and monitor the casualty and status of bleeding to attempt to save a limb. This can only be done if within the six hour window.

MONITOR AND PREVENT SHOCK: Hypovolemic (low blood volume) shock can result in death. Hypovolemic shock is usually caused by severe bleeding, but it can also be caused by a severe loss of body fluids from severe burns, vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive sweating caused by heat injury (heat exhaustion). Signs and symptoms of shock include: o Sweaty but cool (clammy) skin o Pale skin o Restlessness, nervousness, or agitated behavior o Confused mental process o Rapid breathing o Blotchy bluish skin, especially around the mouth o Nausea

Preventing Shock: o Position the casualty on his back. If possible place something under the casualty to protect him from the temperature or dampness of the ground. Elevate the casualty’s legs so that his feet are slightly higher than his heart (splint fractures first). Exceptions to positioning a casualty on his back are as follows: o Spinal Injuries: if a spinal injury is expected, attempt to immobilize the casualty o Open Chest Wounds: If a casualty with a chest wound wants to sit up, then assist him in doing so. This may help him breathe easier. If the casualty wants to lie down, position him so that he is lying on his injured side to decrease pressure on the uninjured side and allow him to breathe easier. o Open Abdominal Wounds: Keep the casualty on his back with his knees flexed to reduce stress on the abdomen. o Minor Head Wound: A casualty with a minor head wound should be allowed to sit up. If he wants to lie down, position him on his side with his wound up and his head turned to drain fluid from the mouth. o Unconsciousness: position casualty on his side so that fluids can drain from his mouth. o Initiate a Saline Lock: Anytime a casualty has suffered blood loss a saline lock should be initiated to facilitate the administration of an IV if needed. o Prevent chilling and overheating o Reassure the casualty o Seek help (DO NOT allow casualty to eat or drink)

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COMBAT LIFESAVER BAG ITEMS:

IMPROVISED FIRST AID KIT: In combat, the on hand Combat Lifesaver bags are sometimes quickly depleted. An initiative is being made to ensure every soldier carries a basic load of first aid items that can help treat life-threatening injuries. This first aid kit and packing list are shown below.

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9-LINE MEDEVAC REQUEST The following is the 9-line medevac report. When requesting medevac be sure to use the abbreviation codes listed for brevity.

9-Line MEDEVAC RequestLine 1

8-digit grid of pick-up sight

Line 2

Frequency, call-sign, suffix

Line 3

Patients by type: A = Urgent, B = Urgent surgical, C = Priority, D = Routine, E = Convenience

Line 4

Special Equipment: A = None, B = Hoist, C = Extraction, D = Ventilator

Line 5

Patients by type: A = Ambulatory (walking), L = Liter

Line 6

(WAR) Enemy: N = None, P = Possible, E = Enemy, X = Hot (PEACE) Describe injuries

Line 7

Markings: A = Panels, B = Pyro, C = Smoke, D = None, E = Other

Line 8

Patients: A = US Mil., B = US Civ., C = Blue Mil., D = Blue Civ., E = EPW

Line 9

(WAR) NBC: N, B, or C (PEACE) Describe terrain

Definitions Medevac – evacuation through a dedicated ambulance Casevac – evacuation by any other vehicle (nonstandard casevac) Urgent – a patient who must reach a medical facility within 2 hours or less in order to save life, limb, or eyesight Urgent Surgical – a patient who must reach a surgeon within 2 hours or less in order to save life, limb, or eyesight Priority – a patient who must reach a medical facility (NOT a surgeon) within 4 hours to save life, limb, or eyesight Routine – a patient who must be evacuated within 24 hours due to injuries Convenience – a patient who does not need a true emergency evacuation Hoist – a device used to lift patients up to a hovering helicopter Extraction – heavy equipment used to remove people trapped in vehicles (i.e. our equivalent of the ‘jaws of life’) Ventilator – a machine used to force a person who isn’t breathing to breathe Ambulatory – walking or able to move, even if only with help Litter – a patient who must be carried on a litter

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FIELD HYGIENEFM 21-75, CH 8

CLEANLINESSSKIN: Wash your body frequently from head to foot with soap and water. If water is available, wash with a cloth and soapy water, paying particular attention to armpits, groin area, face, ears, hands, and feet. At a minimum you must use hand wipes or a damp wet cloth to wash groin, armpits, ears, hands, and feet.

HAIR Keep your hair clean, neatly combed, and trimmed. At least once a week, wash your hair and entire scalp with soap and water. Also, shave as often as the water supply and tactical situation permit. Do not share combs or shaving equipment with other soldiers.

HANDS Wash your hands with soap and water after any dirty work, after each visit to the latrine, and before eating. Keep your fingernails closely trimmed and clean. Do not bite your fingernails, pick your nose, or scratch your body.

CLOTHING AND SLEEPING GEAR Wash or exchange clothing when it becomes dirty. Wash or exchange sleeping gear when it becomes dirty. If clothing and sleeping gear cannot be washed or exchanged, shake them and air them out regularly in the sun. That greatly reduces the number of germs.

CARE OF THE FEET Wash and dry your feet daily. Use foot powder on your feet to help kill germs, reduce friction on the skin, and absorb perspiration. Socks should be changed daily. After crossing a wet area, dry your feet, put on foot powder, and change socks, as soon as the situation permits.

GENERAL RULES FOR AVOIDING SICKNESS IN THE FIELD 1. Don’t consume foods and beverages from unauthorized sources. 2. Don’t soil the ground with urine or feces (use a latrine or “cat-hole”). 3. Keep your fingers and contaminated objects out of your mouth. 4. Wash your hands following any contamination, before eating or preparing food, and before cleaning your mouth and teeth. 5. Wash all mess gear after each meal. 6. Clean your mouth and teeth at least once a day. 7. Avoid insect bites by wearing proper clothing and using insect repellents. 8. Avoid getting wet or chilled unnecessarily. 9. Don’t share personal items (canteens, toothbrushes, washcloths, towels, and shaving gear) with other soldiers. 10. Don’t leave food scraps lying around. 11. Sleep when possible. 12. Exercise regularly.

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2-11 IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF HEAT CASUALTIESUSAIC Regulation 40-14, 199th IN BDE Ice Sheet SOP

It is imperative that we do our best to prevent heat casualties while conducting our training to standard. We must be able to quickly and correctly react to all heat injuries in order to prevent permanent damage to soldiers or even death. There are several steps in preventing and treating heat casualties. 1. Education to prevent heat casualties 2. Ice sheet instruction and rehearsals for students and new cadre and proper PCIs 3. Rapid treatment of heat injuries IAW BN SOP

EDUCATION TO PREVENT HEAT CASUALTIES: When soldiers first arrive to the unit they may not be prepared for the summer months in Fort Benning, GA. We must first acclimatize these soldiers to the weather. BOLC II will assist in this process, but we will still have some students that have not had the opportunity to conduct tough physical training in the summer months. Once soldiers have been acclimatized to the physical training routine and weather during IBOLC the following rest/work table will be used. (Reference USAIC Reg 40-14):

It is the responsibility of the cadre to have proper heat prevention and treatment measures in place for all needed training events. These training events include all physical and field training. It is required that each platoon have an evacuation vehicle with ice sheet coolers, CLS bag, and combat lifesaver available during these training events. There are several events that require additional or staged heat treatment and prevention measures: o footmarches over 6 miles (additional water available, COC notified) o live fire events (ice sheets and CLS bag staged near live fire event) o field missions (TOC notified of route, COC aware of event, PLT vehicle prepared to respond, CLS bag carried)

Cadre must constantly monitor student status, work in the past 24-72 hours, and soldier’s uniform and load. Cadre are authorized to make adjustments to uniform and training to assist in preventing heat casualties. The following graphic emphasizes controls that we as cadre must enforce:

Additional Note: Greater than a 4 Mile Run or Footmarch from 1 Apr – 30 Sep is considered “High Risk” and requires a back-brief from the Platoon Trainer to the Company Commander outlining the factors of mitigation prior to execution.

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ICE SHEET INSTRUCTION AND REHEARSALS FOR STUDENTS AND NEW CADRE AND PROPER PCIs: At the beginning of every new IBOLC cycle and with the arrival of new cadre, instruction on the packing, administration of ice sheets, and prevention/treatment of heat casualties will be performed. Often times, students are the first responders to a heat casualty and they must know exactly what to do to prevent permanent damage or death. Instruction should cover at a minimum the following subjects: o preventing heat casualties (proper eating and hydration) o preparing ice sheet coolers o treatment of suspected heat casualty

PREPARING ICE SHEET COOLERS Ice sheets are packed 5 sheets to a cooler. When packing the cooler ice should be placed at the bottom of the cooler and between each individual ice sheet to ensure maximum coverage. Additionally, ¾ ice and ¼ water will be used to fill the cooler. Each platoon should have 2 ice sheet coolers for all training events. Intent is the ability to treat 2 heat injuries per platoon, 8 heat casualties per company.

PROPER PCIs PCIs must be conducted prior to each training event. Platoon cadre are responsible for conducting PCIs. The following items should be inspected at a minimum: o CLS bag complete with IV (saline solution) and starter kit o Thermoscan with extra batteries and ear cups o Ice sheet coolers with 5 sheets each o Motorola radio with extra battery and alternate means of communication (cell-phone) o Wet bulb in place

Heat Mitigation: 1. These guidelines are the SoP 2. Dumping Heat: Done outside the TAA

tents within confines of rucksack / bivouac location using the below criteria (only authorized location for t-shirts)

3. Foot-march uniform: a. In Garrison – PT is recommended,

yet full kit is allowable based on the event

b. In Field – Full Kit – Ruck, Weight, Weaspon and OTV are event driven

c. OTV = MOPP 4 WBGT index planning factors

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o Litters available o Evacuation vehicle on station

RAPID TREATMENT OF HEAT CASUALTIES IAW BATTALION SOP: Upon initial assessment and indication of a heat casualty IAW the below graphic first responders (students or cadre) will immediately begin to treat the suspected heat casualty. If unsure if the soldier is a heat casualty the following graphic:

STEPS TO TREATING A HEAT CASUALTY IAW 199th BDE SOP: 1. Call out for support then remove equipment and move soldier to shade if available 2. Remove boots, socks, ACU bottoms, ACU top, undershirt (the goal is to expose as much skin as possible to the air for evaporative cooling and to allow ice sheets direct contact with the skin) 3. Pour water over the casualty (not on the face) to assist in cooling until ice sheet coolers and CLS bag arrive 4. As soon as CLS bag arrives begin taking and recording core temperature. Test thermo-scan on yourself to identify any deviations then take core temperature every two minutes from alternating ears (ensure a soldier is recording these temperatures)5. Initiate medevac and ice sheet casualty if mental status changes, casualty vomits, casualty becomes unconscious or core or thermo-scan temperature is 101F or greater. When in doubt call E911 and ice sheet.6. Apply ice sheets in the following manner: shake out sheets as you emplace them and maximize sheet and skin contact. Place one sheet around the crotch of the soldier, one sheet in each armpit and around the shoulder, one sheet wrapped around neck and head (not covering face), and one final sheet draped over the casualty and tucked under the casualty’s sides. 7. As sheets begin to dry or lose coolness place them back in the cooler and use the sheets from the next cooler 8. Start IV with normal saline solution, give no more than 1 liter of solution (2 500Ml bags) 9. Continue to monitor with thermo-scan and replace ice sheets as needed until medevac arrives 10. Report recordings, notes, and status up the chain of command. Send one cadre with student to hospital.

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PERFOMANCE MEASURES IAW 199TH BDE SOP: PERFORMANCE MEASURES GO NO-GO 1. Prepare Ice Sheet Cooler. a. Ensure that units have Ice Sheets available at all physical training, road marches, and collective training from Platoon through Battalion level. The Combat Life Saver for these training maintains the Ice Sheets.

b. Ensure that you have an adequate number of Ice Sheet Coolers and Ice Sheets based on Battalion SOPs. Each Cooler must contain at least 5 ice sheets.

c. Ensure that each Ice Sheet Cooler contains 1 quarter water and 3 quarters ice.

d. NCOIC / OIC inspects equipment prior to beginning a training event: CLS Bag Thermo-scan with extra batteries Ice Sheet Coolers Commo primary and alternate Wet Bulb Litters Evacuation Vehicle

2. Perform Ice Sheet Application. a. Evaluate the casualty for heat illness. b. Initiate MEDEVAC and Ice Sheet casualty if mental status changes, casualty vomits, casualty becomes unconscious or Core or Thermo-scan Temperature is 101 F. or greater. c. Cadre members will remove or loosen any restrictive clothing ie (belts, boot, trousers, ACU Blouse). d. Keep the airway open: lay soldier flat, elevate legs, extend neck/open airway.

e. Cadre members will place casualty in the shade if available. f. Cadre members will apply a total of 5 cold wet ice sheets: one on the head, one in each armpit, one in the crotch area, and one over the entire body. DO NOT COVER SOLDIERS FACE. g. Replace Ice sheets as they begin to warm up and place used ice sheets back into cooler to re-cool. h. Start an IV with normal saline, give nor more then 1 liter. Do not delay MEDEVAC due to initiating the IV. i. Cadre members will monitor vital signs and continue to check temperature using the thermo-scan.

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CHAPTER SEVEN: SMARTCARDS

Smartcards are a great tool and quick reference for training and combat. All of the following Smartcards cover indirect fire planning and close air support planning. The Center for Army Lessons Learned is also a great reference for Smartcards covering the latest TTPs being seen overseas. For example: Tactical Site Exploitation, IED Awareness, Counter-sniper Reaction Techniques, Vehicle Search Techniques, etc. Reference the CALL site to print these Smartcards for your use during the course and overseas.

CALL FOR FIRE

Polar FDC de OP1 (AF/ FFE) POLAR k DIR _____ DIS _____ u/d _____ k 1 TANK STATIONARY IN OPEN k

ShiftFDC de OP1 (AF/FFE) SHIFT _____ k DIR _____ L/R _____ +/- _____ u/d _____ k 1 TANK STATIONARY IN OPEN k

Grid FDC de OP1 (AF/FFE) k GRID _____ k 1 TANK STATIONARY IN OPEN k(DIRECTION) _____ k (OT) _____

Adjustment L/R _____ +/- 400 k L/R _____ +/- 200 k L/R _____ +/- 100 k L/R _____ +/- 50 FFE k

Six parts to a call for fire 1. Identification 2. Warning Order 3. Target Location (Grid, Polar, Shift) 4. Target Description Size Nomenclature Activity Protection 5. Method of Engagement Danger Close Ammunition/Fuse Trajectory 6. Method of Control When Ready

At my Command Time on Target

Five Rules of Direction 1. Observer to target 2. Mils3. Grid4. 10 (nearest 10 mils) 5. 4 (4 digits)

Worm W = R x M W = lateral shift in meters (to nearest 10) R = distance to known point / 1000 M = angular deviation in mils

OT Factor Distance to target / 1000 (rounded to nearest whole number, even number if exactly ½)

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EXAMPLES FIRE MISSION (GRID)

Initial Fire Request Observer FDC

HAVOK 10 THIS IS Gator 16, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

THIS IS HAVOK 10, ADJUST FIRE OUT.

GRID NK180513, OVER.

GRID NK180513, OUT.

INFANTRY PLATOON IN THE OPEN, DELAY IN EFFECT, OVER.

INFANTRY PLATOON IN THE OPEN, DELAY IN EFFECT, out.

Message to Observer

HAVOK, 2 ROUNDS, TARGET AF1027, OVER.

HAVOK, 2 ROUNDS, TARGET AF1027, BREAK,

DIRECTION 1680, OVER.

DIRECTION 1680, OUT. NOTE: Direction is sent before or with the first subsequent correction.

FIRE MISSION (SHIFT)Initial Fire Request

Observer FDC

HAVOK 10 this is GATOR 16, ADJUST FIRE SHIFT AA7733, OVER.

THIS IS HAVOK 10, ADJUST FIRE SHIFT AA7733, OUT.

DIRECTION, 5210, LEFT 380, ADD 400, DOWN 35, OVER.

DIRECTION, 5210, LEFT 380, ADD 400, DOWN 35, OUT.

COMBAT OP IN OPEN, DELAY IN EFFECT, OVER.

COMBAT OP IN OPEN, DELAY IN EFFECT, OVER.

Message to Observer

HAVOK, 1 ROUND, TARGET AA7742, OVER.

HAVOK, 1 ROUND, TARGET AA7742, OUT.

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EXAMPLES (Continued)

FIRE MISSION (POLAR) Initial Fire Request

Observer FDC

HAVOK 10 THIS IS GATOR 16, FIRE FOR EFFECT, POLAR, OVER.

THIS IS HAVOK 10, FIRE FOR EFFECT, POLAR, OUT.

DIRECTION 4520, DISTANCE 2300, DOWN 35, OVER.

DIRECTION 4520, DISTANCE 2300, DOWN 35, OUT.

INFANTRY COMPANY IN OPEN, ICM, OVER.

INFANTRY COMPANY IN OPEN, DELAY, OVER.

Message to Observer

HAVOK 10, PROX, 3 ROUNDS, TARGET AF2036, OVER.

HAVOK, PROX, 3 ROUNDS, TARGET AF2036, OUT.

FIRE MISSION (SUPPRESSION) Observer FDC

H18 THIS IS H24, SUPPRESS AB3104, OVER.

THIS IS H18, SUPPRESS AB3104, OVER.

FIRE MISSION (IMMEDIATE SUPPRESSION)

Observer FDC

HAVOK 10 THIS IS GATOR 16, IMMEDIATE SUPPRESSION, GRID 211432, AUTHENTICATION IS TANGO UNIFORM, OVER.

THIS IS HAVOK 10, IMMEDIATE SUPPRESSION, GRID 211432, OUT.

NOTE: A two-gun section using two rounds of HE or VT normally fires immediate suppression missions. However, the type of ammunition, units to fire and volume may vary based on unit SOP.

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Minimum Safe Distances (Training)

PI: In respect to Risk Estimate Distances (RED’s). The risk is usually expressed as the probability of incapacitation (PI), which is the probability that a soldier will suffer an incapacitating injury. A 0.1% PI value can be interpreted as being less than or equal to one chance in a thousand. Risk estimates were calculated using the following assumption:

All cannon attacks are perpendicular to the forward line of troops An observer has adjusted the fires onto the target The friendly troops are standing unprotected in the open, in winter clothing and helmet, and on a line

perpendicular to the line of fire.

Weapon System /

Ammunition

Dispersion (degrees)

Ricochet (degrees) A t ance t ho se ang les eq ual at g iven rang es USAF MSD's (m)

500m 1000m 2000mBomb weighProtected* Unprotected

9mm 5 5 90 180 360 1,000 lb 240 10005.56mm 5 5 100m 90 180 360 750 195 7507.62mm 5 5 100m 90 180 360 500 220 500.50 cal 5 5 100m 90 180 360 500(-) 145 500

30mm 50 5025mm 20mm 25 50

M793 TP-T 5 19 0 204 408 804 .50 cal 25 50M910 TPDS-T 5 15 0 170 340 680 7.62mm 25 25

FM23-1 P8-2040mm 10 215 300 470 AC-130 gun to tgt 30 deg

25mm 2000120mm (tank) 40mm 950

HE 5 17 187 374 748 105mm 700AP 5 16 179 357 714

AT-4 5 13 153 306 612Javelin 10 17 230 459 918

Rotary Wing Bangalore Guns 5 10 128 255 510 1,000m laterally

Rockets 5 10 128 255 510 500m radius (troops in open)200m (troops in defilade)

Indirect MSD's (m) 100m (missle proof shelter)40mm 100 MICLIC60mm 200 Dispersion 30 degrees81mm 300 Noise hazard 1600m radius

105mm 400 Fragmentary zone 778m laterally, 183155mm 500

RED 0.1 % PI *Protected means in a fighting position1/3 range 2/3 range Max

60mm 100 150 17581mm 165 185 230

120mm 150 300 400105mm 175 200 275155mm 200 280 450

155mm DPICM 450 450 600

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Surface Danger Areas (SDZ’s)

Standard SDZ

* Reference DA PAM 384-63

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Bat Wing SDZ The below figure depicts the SDZ for small arms, machine guns, shotguns, and other direct fire weapons without explosive projectiles, firing from a single firing position along the GTL to a single target.

* Reference DA PAM 384-63

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Reference Chart for Construction of Common Infantry Direct-fire Projectiles (non-explosive)

* Reference DA PAM 384-63

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RISK ESTIMATE DISTANCES (Combat)

PI = Probability of Incapacitation, see Page 54.

AIR MISSION BRIEF Contact/Handoff Procedures

KW initial contact call (KW gives SITSTAT and requests mission data): “WARRIOR 6 this is BANDIT 6 inbound with 2 KWs, request SITREP, mission, and clearance authority, over.”

Handoff (Ground CDR sends mission, SITREP, and designates clearance authority): “BANDIT 6 this is WARRIOR 6, King Tiger 6 is in heavy contact, vcty VP 123456, contact King Tiger 6 this net for air mission. King Tiger 6 has clearance authority, out.”

KW’s Check-In Briefing

“ King Tiger 6 this is Bandit 6 , Inbound with 2 KW’s, we have 500 rounds of 50 Cal, 14 HE Rockets, and 2 Hellfire , break ,we have 30 minutes station time, currently 2 minutes out, request AIRMISSION, over.”

“ Bandit 6 this is King Tiger 6 , proceed inbound, AIRMISSION follows, prepare to copy.”

(Ground Commander sends AIRMISSION format below, including as complete friendly forces situation/location, enemy forces situation/location, and commander’s intent as situation allows.)

AIR MISSION REQUEST FORMAT1) ID and Warning Order:__________________

2) TGT Location:________________________

3) TGT Description:______________________

4) Method of Engagement:_________________

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5) Method of Control:_____________________

6) Friendly location:______________________ 7) Remarks:_____________________________

Air Mission Request Procedures

1) (ID and Warning Order) “BANDIT 6 this is KING TIGER 6, AIR MISSION, OVER.” “KING TIGER 6 this is BANDIT 6, SEND IT, OVER.” 2) (TGT Location) VP 112554 or bearing 240 degrees, 800 meters from my location.3) (TGT Description) Infantry in the tree line.4) (Method of Engagement) (i.e., “.50 cal only”) 5) (Method of Control) (i.e., “when ready,” “at my command,”or “time on target”)6) (Friendly location) “Friendlies located from VP 123543 to VP 129545, flanks marked by IR strobe over.” 7) (Remarks) “Bandit 6, this is King Tiger 6, confirm TGT with your AIM-1 over.” “KING TIGER 6 this is BANDIT 6, my AIM-1spot is on the TGT at this time.”

“BANDIT 6 this is KING TIGER 6, good spot cleared to engage.”

(NOTE: If designating for a HELLFIRE missile, KW may ask for spot to confirm code match.)

CLOSE AIR SUPPORT (CAS) – FIXED WING

IMMEDIATE CLOSE AIR SUPPORT (CAS) REQUEST(This format is also used to request USMC close-in fire support and USAF AC-130 gunship support.) 1. TACP: “____________this is __________with an immediate CAS request.” (ASOC/DASC/AOC/SACC) (TACP’s ID) Note: Await acknowledgement. 2. “Immediate” 3. Target Description: ___________________________ 4. Target Location: “__________________________” elevation “_____________________” feet (UTM Grid Coordinates) 5. Time on Target: _____________________________” 6. Desired Ordnance/Results: “__(not normally transmitted)___” Note: When identifying position coordinates for joint operations, include the map data that location coordinates are based on. 7. Final Control. “Call Sign: __________________” “Frequency: _________________” “Contact Point or Initial Point: ________________” 8. Remarks, such as- “Friendly Location: _________________” “Weather: ________________” “Threats: _________________________________”Legend:ASOC = air support operations center DASC = direct air support center SACC = supporting arms control center TACC = tactical air control center ID = identification TACP = tactical air control party UTM = universal transverse mercator AOC = air operations centerAircraft “(Controller Call Sign)” this is “Aircraft Call Sign)” Note: Authentication and appropriate response suggested here. The brief may be abbreviated for brevity or security (“as fragged” or “with exception”). Identification/Mission Number: “___________________” Number and Type of Aircraft: “_____________________” Position and Altitude: “_____________________” Ordnance: “__________________”

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Time on Station: “___________________” Abort Time: “________________” *Remarks: “(NVG, LST, Special Mission Items)”

*Optional Entry Legend: NVG = night vision goggles LST = laser spot tracker

CAS BRIEFING FORMAT (9-LINE) (Omit data not required, do not transmit line numbers. Units of measure are standard unless otherwise specified. *

Denotes minimum essential in limited communications environment. Bold denotes readback items when requested.)Terminal Controller: “(aircraft call sign)” this is “(Terminal Controller )”

*1. IP/BP: “______________” *2. Heading: “(Magnetic azimuth from IP/BP to target)” Offset: “(Left/Right)” *3. Distance: “(IP to Target in Nautical Miles/BP to Target in Meters)” *4. Target Elevation: “(In Feet Above or Below Mean Sea Level)” *5. Target Description: “______________________” *6. Target Location: “(Latitude/Longitude or Grid Coordinates or Offset or Visual)” *7. Type Mark: “(WP, Laser, IR, Beacon)” Code: “(Actual Code)” Laser to target Line: “_____Degrees” *8. Location of friendlies: “_______” Position Marked By: “__________” 9. Egress: “___________________” Remarks (as appropriate): “(Threats, Restrictions, Danger Close, Attack Clearance, SEAD, Abort Codes, Hazards)” Time on Target (TOT): “________________” or Time to Target (TTT): “Stand by (Minutes) plus (Seconds), Hack.”

Note: When identifying position coordinates for joint operation, include the map datum data. Desert Storm Operations have shown that simple conversion to latitude/longitude is not sufficient. The location may be referenced

on several different databases; for example, land-based versus sea-based data.1 km = .54 NM, 1 NM = 1.852 km, 1 m = 3.28 ft, 1 ft = 0.3048 m Legend: IP = Initial Point, BP = Battle Position, km = kilometer, f = feet, m = meters, NM = nautical mile

Item Description Risk Estimate Distance (meters)

10% PI 0.1% PIMK-82 LD 500 lb. bomb 250 425 MK-82 HD 500 lb. bomb (retarded) 100 375 MK-82 LGB 500 lb. bomb (GBU-12) 2501 4251

MK-83 HD/LD 1,000 lb. bomb 275 475 MK-83 LGB 1,000 lb. bomb (GBU-16) 2751 4751

MK-84 HD/LD 2,000 lb. bomb 325 500 MK-84 LGB 2,000 lb. bomb (GBU-10/24) 2251 5001

MK-202 Rockeye 150 225 MK-77 500 lb. Napalm 100 150 CBU-55/772 Fuel-air explosive (FAE) 1 1

CBU-522 CBU (all types) 275 450 CBU-58/712, 3 CBU (all types) 350 525 CBU-872 CBU (all types) 175 275 CBU-89/783 CBU (all types) 175 275 2.75” folding fin aircraft rocket (FFAR) Rocket with various warheads 160 200 5” ZUNI Rocket with various warheads 150 200 SUU-11 7.62 mm minigun 1 1

M-4, M-12, SUU-23, M-61 20 mm Gatling gun 100 150 GAU-12 25 mm gun 100 150 GPU-5a, GAU-8 30mm Gatling gun 100 150 AGM-655 Maverick (TV, IIR, laser-guided) 25 100

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MK-1/MK-21 Walleye II (1,000 lb. TV-guided bomb) 275 500 MK-5/MK-23 Walleye II (2,400 lb. TV-guided bomb) 1 1

AC-130 105 mm cannon 40-/25-/20 mm gun

804 35 2002 125

1 Risk-estimate distances are to be determined. For LGBs, the values shown are for weapons that do not guide and that follow a ballistic trajectory similar to general purpose bombs. This does not apply to GBU-24 bombs, because GBU-24s do not follow a ballistic trajectory.

2 Not recommended for use near troops in contact.

3 CBU-71/CBU84 bombs contain time-delay fuzes, which detonate at random times after impact. CBU-89 bombs are antitank and antipersonnel mines and are not recommended for use near troops in contact.

4 AC-130 estimates are based on worse case scenarios. The 105mm round described is the M-1 HE round with M-731 proximity fuze. Other fuzing would result in smaller distances. These figures are accurate throughout the firing orbit. The use of no-fire headings has no benefits for reducing risk-estimate distances and should not be used in contingency situations.

5 The data listed applies only to AGM-65 A, B, C and D models. AGM-65 E and G models contain a larger warhead and risk-estimate distances are not currently available.

Type Munitions Remarks General Purpose (GP) Bombs MK-82, LD, 500 lb.; MK-83, LD, 1000 lb.; MK84, LD, 2000 lb.

All are similar in construction and vary only in size and weight. Streamlined cylindrical body with conical fins designed for low drag. Effects: Blast, fragmentation and deep cratering (with a delayed fuze).

MK-82 HDGP (SNAKE-EYE) MK-82 with four MK-15 retarding fins. Selectable high drag (HD) or low drag (LD). Effects: Blast, fragmentation and deep cratering (with a delayed fuze).

MK-82 Air Inflatable Retarder HDGP (Ballute)

General purpose bomb with air inflatable retarder tail assembly.

MK-84 (AIR) HDGP Uses a ballute as a retarding device. Selectable HD/LD. Effects: Blast and fragmentation.

MK-36 (Destructor) MK-82 snake-eye with a MK-75 arming kit that converts the bomb into a land or water mine. HD only. Timed self-destruct or magnetic fuzing.

BLU- 109/B (I-2000) Penetrator Bomb

2000 lb. improved GP bomb. Effects: cratering and hard target penetration.

M-1 17, 750 lb. GP Bomb Effects: Blast, fragmentation and deep cratering (with a delayed fuze). M-1 17R Selectable HD/LD by means of a retarding tail assembly M-1 17D (Destructor) Equipped with a MK-75 arming kit for ground implant and shallow water mining. HD only. M-118 3000 lb. Demolition Bomb

Effects: Blast, fragmentation and cratering. Not good for penetration.

Cluster Bombs CBU-24 SUU-30 loaded with 665 BLU-26 bomblets. The BLU-26 submunition is baseball sized,

spins to arm and detonates on impact. Dispersion pattern is torus or donut shaped. CBU-30 SUU-13 with 40 canisters containing 32 CS (tear gas) bomblets each. Bomblets will start

dispensing CS gas 5 to 6 seconds after release and will dispense for 10 to 15 seconds. Dispersion is linear.

CBU-38 SUU-13 containing 40 BLU-49 antimaterial HE bomblets that will penetrate jungle canopies. Dispersion is linear.

CBU-49 Same as CBU-24 except bomblets have delay timers to detonate at random times after impact. Dispersion pattern is torus or donut shaped.

CBU-52 SUU-30 loaded with 220 BLU-61 softball sized bomblets with an incendiary lining and a scored steel casing for fragmentation. Dispersion pattern is torus or donut shaped.

CBU-55 Slow sped fuel air explosive (FAE). Used against blast sensitive targets. Kills by overpressure.

CBU-58 SUU-30 loaded with 650 BLU-63 baseball sized bomblets with incendiary pellets and scored casing for fragmentation. Dispersion pattern is torus or donut shaped.

CBU-71 Same as CBU-58 except submunitions have delay fuzes that detonate at random times after impact. Dispersion pattern is torus or donut shaped.

CBU-87 (Combined Effects Munitions [CEM])

SUU-65 loaded with 202 BLU-97 bomblets. BLU-97 has a shaped charge for armor; steel scored liner for fragmentation and incendiary ring. Dispersion is rectangular.

CBU-89 (GATOR) SUU-64 loaded with a mix of 72 BLU-91/B antiarmor and 22 BLU-92/B antipersonnel mines with present self-destruct time. Dispersion pattern varies from circular at high

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angles to linear at low angles.

CBU-97/B (Sensor Fused Weapons)

SUU-64 with an airbag dispensing system and 10 BLU-108/B submunitions designed to provide multiple kills per pass capability against tanks, armored vehicles, FA, APCs and support vehicles.

MK-20 (Rockeye) MK-7 loaded with 247 MK-118 antiarmor submunitions with antipersonnel capabilities. Dispersion pattern varies from circular at high angles to linear at low angles.

BL-755 European munitions loaded with 147 antiarmor submunitions. Designed for low altitude low angle deliveries against armor but produces more fragmentation than the MK-20 Rockeye. Dispersion pattern is rectangular.

GBU-55/72 High speed FAE. Used against blast sensitive targets. Kills by overpressure. Type Munitions Remarks Guided Bombs GBU-10/GBU-12 Laser guided, maneuverable, free-falling weapons. GBU-10 is a MK-84 and the GBU-12

is a MK-82. Effects: Blast, fragmentation and deep cratering (with a delayed fuze). GBU-16 Laser guided, maneuverable, free-falling weapons. Effects: Blast, fragmentation and

deep cratering (with a delayed fuze). GBU-24/B LLLGB Low level, laser guided, maneuverable free-fall weapon. MK-84 body. Can be released

at very low altitudes. Bomb bumps up approx. 450 ft above release altitude. Effects: Blast and fragmentation.

GBU-24A/B LLLGB Same as GBU-24/B but uses BL-109/B bomb body. Used for hard target penetration. GBU-15 TV or IR guided, automatically or manually by the WSO. MK-84 or MK-109 body. Effects:

Blast, fragmentation, cratering and hard target penetration. MissilesAGM-65 (Maverick) A and B models are guided based o visual contrast. D and G models use IR guidance.

The USMC E model is laser guided. Designed for standoff acquisition and destruction of point targets. Effects: Shaped charge produces a good penetration of hard targets such as tanks and bunkers.

AGM-130 Rocket powered version of GBU-15. Standoff range out to 15 nautical miles (NM). AGM-114B (Hellfire) Solid propellant laser/radar guided antiarmor missile. Max range in excess of 8000

meters.Guns 20mm 750 to 850 rounds per minute. AP, HE and incendiary. 20mm Gatling 2500 to 6000 rounds per minute. TP, HEI, API, TPI, HEIT. GAU-8, 30mm Gatling 42000 rounds per minute. 1.5 lb. projectile TP, HEI, API on the A/OA-10 only. API – armor piercing incendiary HEI – high explosive incendiary BLU – bomb live unit HEIT – high explosive incendiary tracer GAU – gun aircraft unit TP – target practice GBU – guided bomb unit TV – television WSO - weapon system officer

GTA 9O-OHKl1

Improvised Explosive Device (lED) and Vehicular Bome Improvised

Explosive Device (VBIED) Smart Card

DfSTRIIlJfION; l.......-on Tr.nlng 9..ippon cat\IIrlI(Tsc, ..... T~_~ ~c.n.. (TASC)

OISTRilUliON RESTl'lICTION; Oi. tlul.iDn ~IOU.S. ~I'~""'1hW conI-.Of't1"'IO~~. m. -......on _ ...... on 3 MII~2004 . or... ~fot'NI aTA """" btl ~ 10 USArm~ T"'~ ~CenI .... ATTN; Ane-n-ST_T. FOI\ &.Ila, VA 23Il0<l .

DESTl'lUC"nONNOTICE: o..Wlyby....,._ tIIII"'_n~of""-'I'" _hJC:Ian of doc.......c.

2OMay2004

Roadside lED Oormoon roedIidIlEo. indude ...... ry.nd man. IO.Ind(l~ ... ~ .~. pieced ~ lie roacIl1l111 ~ed IdIt po .... n..ymll)' btll'III.lIycanoJ\aged with dirt. rocks. '"_ CO' ~_ filii •• oommon .tong Ihe INd. TheN ~ ... n ..... t. 00fml ..... dIItonaIed bywlre . by I .....,cQ o;grtJvl clMe. Of • 0IIfTtIIna1on 01 both.

Spool 0" .... bailllry • ....:I a rernolll oHvke "' .... Iocaed .Itt.. IrW1g oton",atlon poft. allhe tlp of. drI

-"'

ArtIIery round nwl 10 the road. bIas~ cap Ind Del 00ItI _a 10al111d In 1hll1uz. "'ell.

1

~ - --. . ... . ~J

j

RIItUIt of!HI nddent", .. __

tddM ~ t.IEOEVAC IIcrog ooitIlaM of ~ 'III'OdI. HI bier. The ptnIJI Mog lhe cItYk;a

-=-!*I bet.. 1'1 """" be ..,.,.,.

,

The lED .nd V8IEDThr •• t

lEO. ..... 'dIIEO, .. _ d. _'11.-1 ea._. 01 CoIIiIiDn e.o.alhol In OEFIOF. All lEO e-'I blllImoll ... .,.wt..e will 11'1)1 ~ oI.~. ~ and 1riIiMDr . .... 1*'-01 wery ~bIIo .a1 e-'I b«;(me • WEO. Vo~ In performing )11:1" d .... ,emanro'lerI, aid fllllinlllloWQ • It"Qng MCUIty poIIlln •• kII~ 10 nol bKarring • WcIIm lor .n lED 1n'Ib..n.

Ch.r.cieri.tlce olin lED

Genlric: lye- iii' lED IhrNl.

• Oil,g..-ed.1lO:: IEOI (R,*,Iide) • Oq..-ed _bill lEO. (VBIEO. aIIdde bomber)

• "Jhr-..IEo. (\rnp<u¥IIed " .. rIIId_) • lEO. pIeQed In. on. ... ..,..,,!he t.gel

Campa....t. 1Ii'.n lEO

• ""*' o.arv- (rniIiIMy . .......... tdIII ... I!lpoodlllnl ... roo-, • C~ (...tIIII".-W'Id 1hII.~ c:f\rgIIl • IniIiIIIorl (cornrtWld dIIIonllled. vIcMI actIYlIIed. timer.

.. _conl'd) 2

Emplacement TIPs 1. c.n..ufII,gI",,_k: • .tIh~ of_ ... !n>NIO ....... tH

.... ~ liang .... ~ 0. burying ___ lea In

~-2. Uolng ."""y_"-DUl in tM_loll"" o •• lC\>""""'"

In 11'1 '" __ 01 1M m .... _k:. fhol .. otII'UCIac1 'IO""IM ",ul.olf""".

S. Throowlngd .. "-tI",m.w ... __ o,flOm 1M ", ..... "'-In konl of ___ "" wlllle_ 0' h 1M mlddlt of com ..

t . &n~ Inpolholo. (_toM.tll dltO.

5. ~.tc:ng MSAI.""ASRr. ( .......... btNnd~

• • ~1ac8d IIIof'Q uni~ ",8111.-

7. lEO. ofllln ulld 10 IIstl1K:t the at8flion ofColli'ien F_ (Cflllilaldl ZOfII tI. SlDequent IftMb b~ RPG'SA tn.).

.. WEO. uMd In doH prollimity 10 ampJ\A'ItIII CO' bUldlngl 10 calM lal\l' lCIiIa darnIIgIIand calHIiIIeI.

.. Worn b~ .nacker (auldell! .... It~

lEO. c .. be dltgullacl 10 look 1111& .n~ objael and 10 function through . muttituda 0I1e11on .. An tEO. only Ilml_d ~!hI ,_ ....... 1'"'"IIlnallon .... c .... bI.lIt .. lEO .... unpracllelllllM .. d .xl ....... 1y h .. .-do ... 10 ••.

•

Procedures when IEDs are found

Security - MaIntain 360 degr8M. sean do .. In II'd !aretA. up high II'd down low.

Always - scan your immediatl .utrol.W'Idirlgl lor more lED.

Move - MaY. -Il'f. Vtlty 18'. dUnces. but plan for JO<m mlniml.Wl'l.af. distance If'ld IdIpt to 'fO'.X METT-TC.

Attempt - To confIrITI _pec1fId lEO. uslng optICi ....... 1I.tayng blldl as far .. possible.

Cordon - otf the a, ... Direc1 peopla out d dMger II'M. 00 not allow an~ to enter ucept for EOO. QUfIItIon .earch end detain .uspects lIS defined by your ulllil'lg ROE.

Report - YOUllltuation using the 9 line IEDI UXO IfXII repol1 fonT8t.

Th" c:o:Ud btl ycu hand ilyouby 1O!hpoM of UXO. Of Eo.. ThI.nemy l'1li1 dewlo!Md .,!l-hendlng 10 CIlIa. you when you IIy dltullng. Le_ ~ 10 '1fPI!h.

Call EOD • Don 't be a Herol

Emplacement Examples

3

1

lED I UXO Report

UNf 1. DATE·llME-GROUP: When tile Item was dllOO'o'effId .

UHE 2. REPORT ACTMTY AND LOCATION: Unit and grid IocIatIon 01 the IEDAJXO.

UHE 3. CONTACT METHOO; Rtdo fnlcpncy. cal IIgn. POC. 1flCI telephone /Unbar.

UHE -4. TYPE OF ORONANCE: ~ped. prqected. pi_d. or Ihl'l;l¥ofl . Give the numtllrollemtl . If more than one.

UHE 5. NBC CONTAMlMA.TIONS; BIt as I9fICltlc lIS poAibie.

UNE e. RESOURCES THREATENED: equipment. laclties . orother IIIIINls tha t .... Itvlllllened.

UHE 7. IMp,.CT ON MISSION; Short deecrlption d cimini tadic81 situatitln IflCI tICM'!he IEOIUXO afteClS the status dtlle rriMIon.

UNE 8. PROTECTIVE MEASURES; Arry measure. taken 10 protect peI'Plnel and equipment.

UNE t . RECOMMENDED PRIORITY; Irrmedillfl. lndirect. Minor. No ThreaL

Priority Immadl.w. SlOpI .... it. ,... .. ..,... and riIIion ~1iIy

or" ..... 'cdllcal .......... 10II1II million

ncIJ_t: SIopt ... I.nII .. ........-- ..... rrisslon capabilily Oftlno .... cdllcal_lIIln'por1Bflllolhe rri.1on

.. '-' R ............... it .............. _ni ...... ~ ar thrlllllll .. non<llllclll_ d. .... g .

..-. n.,.1II: Hat WIll CO' no IIIIecI on till ..... iI', capebilitiet M_ Remote Control Devices

lIeunl_c._

~ ........ ald_aI -,. ... ••• _"" up. T~~ _. ct, __ • ka)' lOb .. __ beI .... mo!ft

"'1..,.--.0-.-_ ..... ~ .. FilS _ OMitS _.'~""OI.

T .... pI.I .... aI ..... g ..... , c .. pilon. --,-.........,..,..,...,.. "'" gMon 1M .......,~IM ot..-I ~ fo .... eh for ... tom. ""'tanct _ no! btlCOft'llNO ........ .

n._...,. ~'" __ !O """_

u..ltaclviq ..... ... d .......... ""' .... ...., and ........... _leu ... bting .. _ ..

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jec

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st

yo

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ins

tin

cts

!

Sit

eexp

loit

ati

on

is:

Gath

ering

pote

ntialin

telli

gence

Am

eth

odic

al,

deta

iled

colle

ction

pro

cess

Co

nd

uct

sit

eexp

loit

ati

on

:

When

targ

etis

secure

Based

on:

-M

issio

npla

nnin

g

-In

telli

gence

leadin

gto

targ

et

-S

uspic

ious

actions

ofth

ose

on

targ

et

-Item

sfo

und

on

targ

et

Pla

nfo

rsu

ccess:

Pre

pare

asite

explo

itation

annex

inth

e

unit

opera

tions

ord

er.

Develo

phasty

and

delib

era

testa

ndin

g

opera

ting

pro

cedure

s.

Rehears

esite

explo

itation.

Pre

pare

site

explo

itation

kits.

Develo

pa

tacticalquestionin

gpla

n.

Team

Lead

er

(TL

)

Develo

ps

searc

hpla

n;contr

ols

the

searc

hassets

and

enable

rs

Superv

ises

execution

ofta

sks

Allo

cate

sassets

Photo

gra

phs

and

labels

room

s

Consolid

ate

sand

accounts

for

all

mate

rials

Inspects

mark

ing

and

packagin

gof

evid

ence

Assis

tan

tTeam

Lead

er

(AT

L)

Photo

gra

ph

pers

onnel,

room

s,vehic

les,

and

obje

cts

Use

syste

matic,m

eth

odic

alappro

ach

Bag,m

ark

,and

consolid

ate

mate

rials

Searc

hTeam

s(2

-pers

on

team

s)

TH

T,H

ET,E

OD

,W

IT,C

EX

C

Inte

rpre

ters

,fe

male

searc

hers

Specia

lsearc

hdogs

En

ab

lers

Dry

era

se

and

perm

anentm

ark

ers

Deta

inee

and

evid

ence

pla

card

s

Zip

-lock

bags,assort

ed

siz

es

Tags

Sm

all

dry

-era

se

board

or

sketc

hpad

Fle

xcuffs

Blin

dfo

lds

Gunpow

der/

explo

siv

es

resid

ue

kit

Fla

shlig

ht/headla

mp

Dig

italcam

era

or

vid

eo

record

er

Late

xglo

ves

DN

Asw

abs

BA

TS

/HIID

E

Hard

drive

imager

SIM

card

readers

Nort

h-s

eekin

garr

ow

,grid

location

Obje

ctive

nam

e,floors

/room

s

Halls

,sta

irs,outb

uild

ings,vehic

les

Pre

pare

asketc

hofth

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ing’s

layoutand

assig

nth

ero

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sa

desig

nation,w

ork

ing

clo

ckw

ise

from

the

bre

ach/e

ntr

ypoin

t.In

clu

de:

Mark

room

entr

ypoin

tsw

ith

tape,depic

ting

the

room

num

ber.

Mark

the

room

once

the

searc

his

com

ple

te.

Gath

er

sm

alle

ritem

sfr

om

each

room

or

floor

and

consolid

ate

inone

bag.

Mark

larg

eitem

sin

div

idually

,pre

fera

bly

with

tape.

Exam

ple

ofro

om

mark

ings

befo

reand

after

the

searc

h:

Labelevid

ence

bags

with:

Package

DN

Asam

ple

sin

paper

conta

iners

.

Obje

ctive

nam

e,unit,grid

location

Date

/tim

egro

up

Build

ing

num

ber

Room

letter

desig

nation

Item

description

(serialnum

ber,

model,

etc

.)

Location

found

(room

/deta

inee)

Sold

ier/

Battle

roste

rnum

ber

Sta

rtfr

om

the

head

and

work

tow

ard

the

feetand

searc

hfr

ontto

back.

Specia

lare

as

ofin

tere

st:

Keep

deta

inees

outofunsearc

hed

room

s.

Colla

rand

seam

s

Button

are

a

Tails

ofdis

hdasha

robe

Legs,ankle

s,shoes

Sm

all

ofth

eback,w

ais

tlin

e

Photo

gra

ph

deta

inee

(as

above).

MN

FI/C

CC

IS

old

iers

Investigation

Guid

e

Ad

dit

ion

al

Se

arc

hP

oin

ts

Ve

hic

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ea

rch

es

Se

arc

hTe

ch

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ue

s

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ita

tio

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oll

ow

Th

rou

gh

Se

arc

hTe

ch

niq

ue

sS

ea

rch

Te

ch

niq

ue

s

Firstcheck

for

booby

traps/im

pro

vis

ed

explo

siv

edevic

es.

Searc

hin

aclo

ckw

ise

manner,

sta

rtin

gatopposite

ends.

Photo

gra

ph

vehic

le.

Docum

entlo

cations

ofpers

onneland

item

s.

Record

license

pla

teand

vehic

le

identification

num

ber.

Searc

hdoor

panels

.

Take

an

initia

lphoto

gra

ph

ofth

ero

om

befo

reanyth

ing

isdis

turb

ed.

Scan

the

room

for

anyth

ing

ofobvio

us

inte

lligence

valu

e.

Sta

rtth

esearc

hin

the

cente

rofth

ero

om

.

Move

back

toth

edoorw

ay

and

work

inopposite

directions

aro

und

the

room

,lo

wto

hig

h,in

thre

edim

ensio

ns.

Take

photo

sor

vid

eo

ofitem

sand

deta

inees

them

from

their

origin

al

positio

n.

pri

or

tom

ovin

g

Know

the

location

where

an

item

was

found

and

where

inth

ero

om

itw

as

locate

din

rela

tion

toa

deta

inee.

Usin

gphoto

sand

sta

tem

ents

tore

-cre

ate

the

targ

etallo

ws

the

analy

stto

vis

ualiz

eth

eobje

ctive,w

hic

hsupport

seffective

inte

rrogation.

Bring

all

mate

rials

toth

eunit

consolid

ation

poin

t.

The

AT

Lconducts

afinalin

spection

ofth

eitem

sfo

rpro

per

mark

ing

and

accounta

bili

ty.

After

finalin

spection,th

eA

TL

packages

all

mate

rials

for

depart

ure

.

Conducta

thoro

ugh

secondary

searc

hin

your

desig

nate

dm

ars

halli

ng

are

a.

Apply

asyste

matic

searc

hpattern

;lo

ok

for

out-

of-

pla

ce

item

sth

atcould

be

acache

mark

er.

Ph

oto

sa

nd

vid

eo

can

late

rassis

tin

de

term

inin

gw

he

reth

ing

sw

ere

fou

nd

an

dto

wh

om

they

belo

ng

.

Photo

sshow

ing

deta

inees

togeth

er

with

the

evid

ence

will

support

their

pro

secution

incourt

.

Conducta

unit

de-b

riefw

ith

all

unit

part

icip

ants

,enable

rs,and

inte

lligence

pers

onnel.

Look

for

fals

ew

alls

and

floors

;cuto

uts

;and

item

shid

den

inw

ood,la

trin

es,garb

age,

and

ceili

ngs

and

under

rugs

and

behin

dcoverings.

Use

asearc

hpro

be.

Use

meta

l/m

ine

dete

cto

rs.

Cle

ar

pla

stic

bags

are

bestto

see

what

the

item

isand

toals

opro

tectfo

rensic

evid

ence.

Tra

nsport

and

handle

ele

ctr

onic

s

care

fully

toavoid

dam

agin

gth

eitem

s.

Use

glo

ves

thro

ughoutth

esearc

hto

pre

ventcorr

uption

offo

rensic

evid

ence.

Attem

ptto

photo

gra

ph

deta

inees

inre

lation

toth

eevid

ence

and

location

(build

ing/land-

mark

/vehic

le)

where

deta

ined.

Use

deta

iled

pla

card

s.

Seiz

ed

pers

onneland

item

sw

illlik

ely

go

todiffe

rentlo

cations

for

inte

rrogation

and

analy

sis

.

Befo

resig

nin

gdeta

inees

over,

receiv

eth

epoin

t-of-

conta

ctin

form

ation

ofth

egain

ing

agency.

This

will

allo

wyour

unit

tosta

yin

form

ed

and

receiv

efu

rther

inte

lligence

from

the

success

ofyour

explo

itation.

Your

unit

may

never

receiv

eth

isin

telli

gence

unle

ss

you

ask

for

it.

Lo

cati

ng

Sn

iper

Po

sit

ion

s“S

lice

the

Pie

”P

RO

-AC

TIV

ET

IPS

RE

AC

TIV

ET

IPS

Do

no

tfo

rget

that

the

best

way

to

sto

pth

e

SN

IPE

Ris

to

KIL

Lth

e

SN

IPE

R!

KIL

Lth

eS

nip

er!

Letth

em

escape

and

they

will

attack

som

eone

els

e,

som

ew

here

els

e.

Ap

pf.

pd

fA

pp

en

dix

Ffr

om

FM

7-9

2,

Th

eIn

fan

try

Re

co

nn

ais

sa

nce

Pla

too

na

nd

Sq

ua

d(A

irb

orn

e,A

irA

ssa

ult,

Lig

ht

Infa

ntr

y)

Sn

ipe

ra

nd

Co

un

ters

nip

er

Em

plo

ym

en

t.p

df

Ch

ap

ter

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om

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3-0

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bin

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Arm

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pe

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ns

inU

rba

nTe

rra

in

Ca

na

dia

nS

nip

er

ma

nu

al.d

oc

Co

un

ter-

Sn

iper

Po

cket

Gu

ide

Novem

ber

2006

The

mate

rialconta

ined

inth

isP

ocket

Guid

eis

sensitiv

e.

Reasonable

ste

ps

mustbe

taken

to

min

imiz

eth

erisk

of

access

by

unauth

orized

pers

onnel.

Do

not

dis

card

inth

eopen

trash,

make

availa

ble

toth

egenera

lpublic

,or

post

on

any

uncontr

olle

dW

eb

site.

NIP

RN

etcom

ments

/requests

to:

aw

g.c

is@

us.a

rmy.

mil

SIP

RN

et:

http://w

ww

.port

al.in

scom

.arm

y.sm

il.m

il/aw

g

En

em

yT

TP

Fri

en

dly

TT

P

Inth

eopen,keep

inm

otion.

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should

alw

ays

be

movin

gin

‘S’o

r‘W

’’path

s.

co

nsta

nt

P=

Pro

active

Imagin

eth

atyour

unit

islo

cate

dat

the

cente

rofa

circle

with

ara

diu

sb

ased

on

the

effective

range

of

asnip

er.

P:

Lim

ityo

ur

exp

osu

reu

sin

gw

alls,veh

icle

s,an

dh

ard

co

ver

at

yo

ur

back

an

dsid

es.

Once

the

firs

tshotis

fire

d,an

initia

ld

irection

can

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dete

rmin

ed,

effe

ctively

cuttin

gth

eare

ao

fth

ecircle

inhalf.

Focus

vis

ualsearc

hes

toth

esuspecte

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as.

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rth

er

lim

itexp

osu

reb

yu

sin

gan

gle

san

dco

rners

tofl

an

ks.

Fo

llow

-up

shots

by

the

snip

er

will

se

rve

tofu

rther

narr

ow

the

circle

into

aw

edge.

Again

,fo

cus

on

searc

hin

gth

esuspecte

dw

edge.

P:

Red

uce

yo

ur

exp

osu

reto

as

mall

“slice”

of

the

“p

ie”

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isa

lso

yo

ur

secto

ro

fre

sp

on

sib

ilit

y.

Once

snip

er

isdete

cte

dand

locate

d,

asecond

ele

mentcan

maneuver

tod

efe

atth

esnip

er

or

cut-

off

the

escape

route

.

P:

Ifyo

um

ust

be

ex

po

sed

inth

eo

pen

du

eto

ME

TT-T

C,th

en

try

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ove

oft

en

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dc

over

yo

ur

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ners

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ger

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ain

tain

360-d

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ree

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rity

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ON

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ET

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ER

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en

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em

yu

se

of

over

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hin

gte

rrain

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em

ove

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kin

sig

nia

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dd

on

ot

salu

te

inth

efi

eld

IAW

AO

gu

idan

ce/lo

calp

olicy

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ead

ers

sh

ou

ldb

len

din

toele

men

t

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se

ob

serv

ati

on

po

sts

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s)

an

daeri

al

ob

serv

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se

mag

nif

ied

op

tics

toscan

for

sn

ipers

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mp

loy

sm

all

reco

nan

dsecu

rity

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ols

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imit

exp

osu

re

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lice

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ed

uce

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ear

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tecti

ve

arm

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arm

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rect

scre

en

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ield

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ncealm

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sm

oke

hazes

or

sm

oke

scre

en

sto

ob

scu

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eld

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vie

wan

dlim

it

the

eff

ecti

ven

ess

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his

fire

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tick

toth

esh

ad

ow

s,u

se

co

ver

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d

co

ncealm

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t

1.D

elib

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pla

nn

ed

usin

g'b

ait

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asty

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rgets

of

op

po

rtu

nit

y

En

em

yT

TP

can

an

dw

illch

an

ge

Urb

an

:25

to200m

fro

mstr

eet

level

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ral:

may

op

era

teat

lon

ger

ran

ges

+S

nip

er

willw

ait

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ke

follo

w-o

nsh

ots

on

an

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old

ier

mo

vin

gin

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e“killzo

ne”

+S

nip

er

att

acks

are

oft

en

vid

eo

tap

ed

for

pro

pag

an

da

pu

rpo

ses

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nip

ers

may

op

era

teas

team

sw

ith

mo

reth

an

on

ep

rep

are

dveh

icle

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ob

ile

sh

oo

tin

gp

latf

orm

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.C.S

nip

er

Tacti

c"

co

mp

lete

wit

hlo

op

ho

les

or

mark

ing

sallo

win

gto

mo

ve

un

mo

leste

dp

ast

ch

eckp

oin

ts+

Sn

iper

may

att

em

pt

toassess

su

ccess

by

dri

vin

go

rw

alk

ing

by

targ

et

aft

er

the

sh

ot

+S

nip

er

may

use

“b

ait

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ch

as

ad

ead

bo

dy

or

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tod

raw

frie

nd

lyfo

rces

into

“killzo

ne”

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nip

er

en

gag

es

the

easie

st

targ

et,

su

ch

as

ato

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un

ner

or

sta

tio

nary

gu

ard

+S

nip

ers

aim

for

vu

lnera

ble

are

as

of

bo

dy

arm

or

+S

nip

er

att

acks

occu

rm

ostl

yd

uri

ng

ho

urs

of

daylig

ht

Th

ese

have

pro

ven

tore

du

ce

sn

iper

acti

vit

yan

dsu

ccess.

Th

een

em

yw

illch

an

ge

their

TT

P.

+In

cre

ase/C

han

ge

yo

ur

secu

rity

po

stu

re

aft

er

20

min

ute

sin

on

elo

cati

on

an

d

co

nti

nu

eto

ch

an

ge/u

pg

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e

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se

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ters

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on

scan

to

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pen

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mm

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icati

on

s

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se

co

ver

an

dco

ncealm

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tw

hen

ever

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ssib

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cam

ou

flag

en

ett

ing

over

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an

dg

un

ners

on

Str

ykers

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top

an

dsearc

hsu

sp

icio

us

veh

icle

so

r

pers

on

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gb

ym

ore

than

on

ce

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lan

tou

se

rovin

gveh

icle

sth

at

can

flex

toin

vesti

gate

su

sp

icio

us

veh

icle

s

+K

eep

pers

on

nelin

co

nsta

nt

mo

tio

n,

walk

ing

in“W

”an

d“S

”p

att

ern

s

+U

se

ISR

pla

tfo

rms

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eep

veh

icle

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rsearc

hes

Do

NO

Tfo

rget

toch

an

ge

yo

ur

TT

P.

Keep

fro

msett

ing

pre

dic

tab

lep

att

ern

s.

Wh

at

can

be

do

ne

toavo

idb

ein

ga

"sn

iper'

sta

rget”

?W

hat

sh

ou

ldb

ed

on

eo

nce

asn

iper

has

en

gag

ed

the

ele

men

t?

Killth

esn

iper

+Take

up

co

vere

d/c

on

ceale

dp

osit

ion

s

(als

oco

ncealw

ith

sm

oke).

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yw

ou

nd

ed

So

ldie

rap

plies

"self

aid

."

+Id

en

tify

sn

iper

locati

on

an

dre

turn

fire

+A

ttack;

man

eu

ver

on

en

em

ylo

cati

on

an

d

killh

im.

+R

eo

rgan

ize

an

devalu

ate

casu

alt

ies

DO

NO

Tfi

xate

on

casu

alt

ies!

,th

en

att

en

dto

casu

alt

ies.

Have

aP

lan

an

dR

EH

EA

RS

EIT

.

KN

OW

BD

1A

Squad

Attack

BD

2A

Reactto

Conta

ct

BD

4R

eactto

Am

bush

FM

7-8

,In

fantr

yR

ifle

Pla

toon

and

Squad

Main

tain

360°

Secu

rity

.

UN

CL

AS

SIF

IED

Fo

rO

ffic

ialU

se

On

ly

Fo

rO

ffic

ialU

se

On

ly

LE

VE

LI

LE

VE

LII

LE

VE

LIII

Sp

ecia

lly

Tra

ined

Sn

iper.

The

mostdangero

us

snip

er

isth

ein

div

idualw

ho

has

been

specia

llysele

cte

d,tr

ain

ed,and

equip

ped

with

an

accura

tesnip

er

rifle

outfitte

dw

ith

am

odern

scope,nig

htvis

ion

devic

e,and

even

ath

erm

al

imager.

These

indiv

iduals

are

expert

str

ain

ed

tosele

ctkey

pers

onnel

as

their

targ

ets

.T

hey

can

hit

at

gre

atra

nges

(som

etim

es

outto

1,0

00

mete

rs)

and

are

skill

ed

inavoid

ing

dete

ction.

This

snip

er

isth

em

ostdifficult

tocounte

reffectively

.

Tra

ined

Mark

sm

an

.A

train

ed

mark

sm

an

isa

com

mon

snip

er

often

found

inurb

an

com

bat.

This

snip

er

isa

train

ed

sold

ier,

equip

ped

with

asta

ndard

issue

weapon,w

ho

isan

above-

avera

ge

shot.

He

norm

ally

has

fair

togood

field

cra

ftskill

sand

isdifficult

todete

ctin

the

urb

an

environm

ent.

He

may

be

em

plo

yed

sin

gly

or

inte

am

sto

cre

ate

confu

sio

nam

ong

frie

ndly

forc

es,cause

casualtie

s,or

hara

ss

and

dis

ruptth

ete

mpo

of

opera

tions.H

ecan

be

found

infa

irly

larg

enum

bers

inth

earm

ies

ofm

any

pote

ntial

advers

aries.

Arm

ed

Irre

gu

lar.

The

third

genera

lty

pe

ofsnip

er

isth

earm

ed

irre

gula

r.H

em

ay

have

little

or

no

form

alm

ilita

rytr

ain

ing

butm

ay

have

experience

inurb

an

com

bat.

He

may

or

may

notw

ear

any

dis

tinguis

hin

guniform

and

may

even

appear

tobe

mere

lyanoth

er

ofth

eth

ousands

of

noncom

bata

nts

found

ina

larg

eurb

an

are

a.H

em

ay

or

may

not

carr

yhis

weapon

openly

and

may

go

togre

atle

ngth

sto

avoid

identification

as

asnip

er.

His

str

ength

sare

his

know

ledge

of

the

localte

rrain

and

his

abili

tyto

melt

into

the

localpopula

ce.

RE

PO

RT

ING

+"S

lice

the

Pie

"m

ean

sn

arr

ow

the

are

ao

fp

ossib

lesn

iper

locati

on

s,th

en

searc

ho

ren

gag

ein

the

mo

st

likely

are

a.

+U

se

therm

alim

ag

ers

ifth

ey

are

availab

lean

dif

the

am

bie

nt

tem

pera

ture

warr

an

tsit

.T

herm

als

pro

vid

ean

excellen

tfo

rce

mu

ltip

lier,

esp

ecia

lly

wh

en

used

inco

nju

ncti

on

wit

hsm

oke.

Th

ey

willn

ot

wo

rkas

well

wh

en

am

bie

nt

tem

pera

ture

sare

hig

her

(70-1

00

deg

rees

F).

Th

erm

als

wo

rkw

ell

inth

ed

aylig

ht

ifth

eco

nd

itio

ns

are

rig

ht.

+U

se

"re

tro

-refl

ecti

on

"o

nen

em

yo

pti

cs.

Sh

inin

gla

sers

or

sp

otl

igh

tsd

uri

ng

ho

urs

of

dark

ness

can

refl

ect

man

yth

ing

s,in

clu

din

gen

em

yo

pti

cs.

Bu

tu

nd

ers

tan

dth

at

use

of

an

acti

ve

laser

may

co

mp

rom

ise

yo

ur

ow

np

osit

ion

.

S A L U T E

-S

ize

-A

ctivity

-Location

-U

nit/U

niform

-T

ime

and

Date

-E

quip

ment

Tip

san

dR

evie

wO

ther

Tip

s

Pri

ncip

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Main

tain

360-d

eg

ree

secu

rity

Lim

itsta

tio

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tim

e

Lim

itexp

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re

Off

en

siv

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sp

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-R

AP

ID!

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Pre

-pla

nn

ing

patr

olb

rief

based

on

en

em

yT

TP

Fo

llo

wth

rou

gh

(fin

d,fi

x,fi

nis

h,exp

loit

,an

dan

aly

ze)

Reh

ears

eb

att

led

rills

Every

on

eis

aco

un

ter-

sn

iper

Use

op

tics

to“o

ut

loo

k”

the

en

em

y

Use

imp

rovis

ed

or

field

exp

ed

ien

tte

ch

no

log

yim

med

iate

ly.

(Nets

,scre

en

s,etc

.)

+T

hro

wsm

oke,th

en

co

llect

an

devacu

ate

casu

alt

ies

as

req

uir

ed

.+

Fin

dth

esn

iper

by

his

mis

takes:

refl

ecti

on

s,d

ust

clo

ud

s,m

uzzle

flash

,etc

.+

Use

acle

an

ing

rod

insert

ed

ina

bu

llet

ho

leto

ind

icate

sn

iper

dir

ecti

on

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se

un

itfi

res

wit

hin

RO

E+

Use

overm

atc

hin

gfi

res

wit

hin

RO

E

1)

Co

rdo

nm

ost

likely

are

a(a

rou

nd

25-2

00m

)2)

Hu

nt

do

wn

an

dK

ILL

the

en

em

ysn

iper

3)

Hara

ss

the

en

em

ysn

iper

ifn

ot

KIL

Lh

im!

How

far

outshould

asearc

hfo

ran

enem

y

snip

er

focus?

Kill

the

enem

ysnip

er!

Revie

w:

Focus

searc

hes

aro

und

25

to200

mete

rs

firs

t.It

ispossib

lefo

rspecia

llytr

ain

ed

snip

ers

toengage

atfa

rther

ranges,but

less

likely

thatth

ey

will

be

successfu

l.

Searc

hdis

tances

are

often

fart

her

inru

ral

are

as.

“ Scan

near

and

far;

scan

hig

hand

low

.

Use

tele

scopic

optics

Seek

cover/

concealm

entand

retu

rnfire

Use

more

Sm

oke

Focus

cord

on/s

earc

haro

und

200

mete

rs

Focus

cord

on/s

earc

halo

ng

anarr

ow

"slic

eofth

epie

"

Hara

ss

the

enem

ysnip

er

Slice

Th

eP

ie”

Als

oca

use

sse

ve

ree

ye

irri

tatio

n

Wh

en

inco

nta

ct

with

skin

itca

use

sb

urn

ing

,p

ain

,itch

ing

,re

dn

ess

Wh

en

inh

ale

dit

ca

use

sco

ug

hin

g,

wh

ee

zin

g,

sn

ee

zin

g,

an

dvo

mitin

g

He

avie

rth

an

air

;te

nd

sto

accu

mu

late

inlo

wa

rea

sa

nd

co

nfin

ed

sp

ace

s

Sm

ells

like

ble

ach

or

asw

imm

ing

po

ol

Gre

en

ish

-ye

llo

wg

as

Re

sp

ira

tory

irri

tan

t

Ch

lori

ne

(CI)

Ch

ara

cte

risti

cs

of

Ag

en

ts

Oth

er

Un

iden

tifi

ed

Cy

lin

de

rs

To

xic

Ind

ustr

ial

Ch

em

ica

l(T

IC)

Th

reat

inIr

aq

Ne

ve

ro

pe

na

un

ide

ntifie

dg

as

cylin

de

r’s

va

lve

.

Th

em

ost

relia

ble

wa

yto

de

term

ine

co

nte

nts

of

an

ycylin

de

ris

the

lab

el.

Ne

ve

rd

rag

or

roll

ga

scylin

de

rs.

Ne

ve

rp

ull

cylin

de

rsu

sin

gth

eva

lve

as

ah

an

dle

.

Th

eb

est

me

tho

dto

mo

ve

ag

as

cylin

de

ris

by

ha

nd

tru

ck

or

litt

er.

Co

lor-

co

din

gsh

ou

ldn

ot

be

use

dto

ide

ntify

co

nte

nts

;th

ere

isn

osta

nd

ard

co

lor-

co

din

gsyste

mfo

rg

as

cylin

de

rs.

Re

ga

rdle

ss

of

co

nte

nts

,g

as

cylin

de

rssh

ou

lda

lwa

ys

be

co

nsid

ere

dd

an

ge

rou

sb

eca

use

of

the

po

ten

tia

lfo

rin

ten

se

pre

ssu

reb

uild

up

du

eto

hig

hd

ese

rtte

mp

era

ture

s.

Sari

n(G

B)

Ne

rve

ag

en

t

Co

lorl

ess

an

do

do

rle

ss

liq

uid

at

roo

mte

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um

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su

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ve

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uh

av

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ee

na

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ed

by

an

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co

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ga

ch

em

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lori

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nk

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ge

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od

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es

(IE

Ds

)

72

CHAPTER EIGHT: CHECKLISTS AND REPORTS

PRE-COMBAT INSPECTIONS

In order to be mission ready we must first inspect our men and equipment. PCIs must never be skipped. Individual soldiers should conduct personal PCCs (pre-combat checks) to ensure they are ready for the mission. Leaders may select certain things to inspect or they may completely inspect mission essential items. When conducting pre-combat inspections it is advisable to have and annotate items on a checklist. This will ensure that all items are available. When checking soldiers, if you ask if they have equipment and they say yes DO NOT then go and check the item. This shows a lack of trust in your men. Either ask if the soldier has a certain item or check it yourself if that is what needs to be done. You must make this decision prior to theinspection. Don’t forget to have someone check you as well. Below are some PCI checklists. Listed first are commonly used IBOLC PCI checklists. Second, are several examples of unit PCI checklists.

IBOLC INDIVIDUAL PCC Packing List IAW OPORD/SOP MOLLEWeapon (Clean, test fired, M68, laser, blank adapter) Equipment tied down IAW 2-11 IN SOP Fully loaded magazines Equipment silenced NVGs (batteries, functions check, extra batteries)Water sources topped off Dog tags and ID card Map, compass, protractor Flashlight w/batteries Pen and paper Proper amount of hot/cold weather gear Extra batteries

IBOLC WEAPONS PCC PMCS and functions check complete Blank adapter on (non-live fire) Weapons cleaning kit M68 zeroed and tied down Flip-up sights zeroed and functional SlingMagazines loaded and properly stored Range cards acetated, permanent markers M249 specific: spare barrel and bag, M145, laser, ammunition silenced M240 specific: spare barrel and bag, tripod/T&E, M145, laser, ammunition stored and rapidly available

IBOLC AID AND LITTER TEAM Skedcos prepped Student CLS bag with proper training aids Chemlights to mark CCP Flashlight (red and white lenses)

IBOLC MOUT KIT PCC Taclights Chalk VS-17 panels Marking materials (road guard vests, chemlights) Breach kit Chemlights (CCP, window marking, room markings) Knee pads and elbow pads

IBOLC LIVE FIRE PCC Blank adapter removed All weapons clean, functions check complete All equipment tied down Equipment silenced Elbow pads and knee pads Eye protection Ear protection Water topped off Radio check complete (icoms, MBITR, and PRC-127 radios)

73

COMBAT INDIVIDUAL PCC Packing List IAW OPORD/SOP (ACH, MOLLE, Ruck, D-Bag/C-Bag Glint tape/Flag ACH helmet, MOLLE, Ruck configured and marked IAW SOP Weapon (system zeroed, clean, test fired, M68, laser, taclight secured, sling attached) Weapons function check and PMCS complete Equipment tied down and marked IAW SOP 7 magazines / speed loader / additional ammunition Equipment silenced NVGs serviceable, functions check Camouflage self and equipment Water (topped off) / Rations (stripped/packed) DD Forms 1155/1156, Self Aid pouch with all items Briefed on current situation, mission, challenge and password Map, compass, protractor, grid locations to FOB and Objective Flex Cuffs Flashlight w/ batteries ROE/Dealing with media card Weapons cleaning kit Pen, paper, and pencil Grenades secured Hearing protection, iodine tablets Eye protection, watch Extra batteries Medevac, call for fire card Strobe Light Marking items IAW SOP

COMBAT M203 PCC M203 bandoleer/pouches M203 cleaning kit Quadrant/leaf site operational Ammunition properly stored Correct mix of HE, smoke, and illum for mission

COMBAT M249 PCC PEQ-2A/PAC-4C secure and bore lighted M145 zeroed SlingScraper tool Spare barrel and bag complete Two range cards Weapons cleaning kit 2x100 round nutsack/2x200 round nutsack Ammunition stored and silenced

COMBAT M240B PCC PEQ-2A/PAC-4C secure and bore lighted M145 zeroed SlingSpare barrel and bag complete Tripod complete and serviceable with T&E pintle Ammunition stored / ammo bags rapidly available Two range cards Permanent markers Cartridge extractor Combination tool 3 sand bags

COMBAT AT4 PCI Front/rear rubber membrane present and serviceable Transport safety pin and lanyard present Front/rear site posts present/spring loaded No cracks or damage in tube body Serial number recorded

74

COMBAT JAVELIN PCI Command Launch Unit (CLU) – PMCS and serviceable Extra battery for cooling unit Two acetated range cards SlingJavelin rounds Lens paper/rag

COMBAT AID AND LITTER TEAM Litters, Skedcos, poleless litters present and prepped Class VIII Inspection (CLS/Medic bag) Chemlights (blue/IR for dust off) CLS bags (1 per maneuver unit) AID bags (1 per medic) IVs/starter kits Additional field and trauma dressings Flashlight (white and red lenses) Book of DA Form 1155/56s (Zip Lock bag)

COMBAT MOUT/BREACH KIT PCC Taclights Spray paint Chalk VS-17 panels 550 cord Required demolitions Bolt cutters Wire gloves Picket pounders Hooligan tool/small sledge hammer Grappling hooks 2 assault ladders 100mph tape Engineer tape Chemlights (swinging, CCP, entrance/floor/building/progress, marking, obstacle lanes Hand grenade security Knee pads and elbow pads Additional ammunition for building suppression Sensitive Site exploitation checklist IR strobe Graphics with properly marked buildings down to TL level Additional flexcuffs

COMBAT VEHICLE PCC Load plans PMCS (-10 manual) no leaks, fluid levels correct, air filter clean MREsWater cans full and secured Fuel cans full and secured Vehicle topped off Properly dispatched on 5988 Weapons mount operational BII/pioneer tools/M11 Radios (Time/frequency set) FBCB2 functional Antennas tied down Slave cables Tow bar or ropes IFF marking (engineer tape/chemlights) Commo card One roll 100mph tape and 550 cord ¼ inch cotton webbing Windows clean and operational Trauma bag Commo check Chock block Drip pan

75

SandbagsConcertina x 4 rolls Body bags Snap TCP kit Driver’s license All gear secured Camo net

76

TACTICAL REPORTS

LACE REPORT o Liquids (the amount of liquid remaining) o Ammunition (the amount on hand per weapon system) o Casualties (WIA and KIA) o Equipment (all critical equipment accounted for) For the LACE report use colors to describe your status: Green: 80-100%, Amber 60-80%, Red 40-60%, Black below 40%. Squad leaders will report approximate numbers to the PL. For example: a squad leader will report 2 magazines per man and the PL will actually report a red status to higher. Ensure proper SOPs are in place and understood.

CONTACT REPORT A contact report will be sent as soon as you make contact. This is sent as a WARNO to your higher commander. You must respond as soon as possible with a SITREP. o “Higher, this is lower, contact, approximate grid and location, over”

SITREP (Situational Report) A SITREP is sent as soon as possible after contact and as requested from the higher commander, when deemed appropriate by subordinateunit, or IAW SOP

SALT REPORT The SALT report is an abbreviated SALUTE report. o Size (size and type of enemy force) o Activity (what are they doing) o Location (Grid and map location) o Time (time of observation)

REDCON REPORT The REDCON (readiness condition) report is used to approximate the length of time before a unit is ready or will begin movement. It will be sent from the subordinate unit to inform higher when ready or sent from higher to inform subordinate when unit will begin movement. o REDCON 1 (ready to move immediately) o REDCON 2 (ready to move in 5 minutes) o REDCON 3 (ready to move in 15 minutes) o REDCON 4 (ready to move in 30 minutes) o REDCON 5 (ready to move in 1 hour)

IED/UXO REPORT (9 Line format)

Line 1 Date – Time Group (DTG) – DTG device / item was discovered. Line 2 Reporting Activity – Unit and location (grid of device/item). Line 3 Contact Method – Radio frequency, call sign, point of contact (POC) and telephone number. Line 4 Type of Ordnance – Dropped, projected, placed, or thrown. If known, give the size of the hazard area and

number of devices / items located. Without touching, disturbing, or approaching (tripwire / command detonated) the item, include details about size shape, color and condition (intact or leaking).

Line 5 NBC Contamination – If present, be as specific as possible. Line 6 Resources Threatened – Report threatened personnel, equipment, facilities or assets. Line 7 Impact on Mission – Provide short description of you tactical situation and how the presence of the device / item

affects your status. Line 8 Protective Measures – Describe any measures taken to protect personnel and equipment Line 9 Recommended Priority – Recommend a priority for EOD response.

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LOGISTICAL REPORTS

SLANT REPORT: The SLANT report is a report of the total numbers and serviceability of a platoon’s mission essential items. Each line has both an A and B, one for total number on-hand and one for total number operational. This report is to the higher unit twice daily as predesignated times. Here at IBOLC you will give a SLANT report (AKA sensitive items check) at 0630 and 1730. These times are intended to be met as best as possible. However, it is imperative that a proper report be sent. Never sacrifice accuracy for making a time hack. This report is then sent to 2-11 SDO to report an all up status for sensitive items. Below, you will first find a twelve-line SLANT report. However, when giving reports of this nature, soldiers will ensure that they account for all personnel, weapons, and equipment, to include sensitive items. Additional lines will include binoculars, AIMSS devices, tripods, T&E’s, and spare barrels. Bear in mind that additional lines may prove necessary, dependent upon whatever additional resources may be issued.

SLANT REPORT DUE 0530 AND 1730 DIALY TO Co. TOC

LINE ITEM SUB-LINE A (Total # on hand) SUB-LINE B (Total # Operational)

1 M4 2 M203 3 M249 4 M240B 5 AN/PVS-7 6 AN/PVS-14 7 AN/PSN-11 8 AN/PRC-119 9 AN/PRC-127

10 Binoculars 11 Plugger/DAGR 12 Borelight 13 M145 MGO 14 M68 CCO 15 AN/PEQ2-A 16 AN/PAQ-4C 17 Tripod / T & E

18 M249 Spare Barrel 19 M240 Spare Barrel

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LOGSTAT REPORT The LOGSTAT is a snapshot of the platoon’s supply status and its projected requirements. Two sub-lines for each item are sent, one for quantity on-hand, one for quantity requested. Only lines with values are sent.

LOGSTAT I DU E 0900 ClA. ILY

LI NE ITEM

UNIT OF S U(~-Ll ~7A S~:-Ll NJ~ B , ISSU E .oM # RE Q , Water 5 GallonC"" , MRE, I per Soldier , C or.:; .rtim. Wi" I Roll , m I Gallon , 4 x 4 Timbers I hch , 4'x 4' Plywood I hch , Sandhtg' I hch , Short Pickete I hch , LongPickete I hch

W 5.56mmB0.11 '" RoUlc\s I T oto.1 # cl W''I'on RoUlc\s

" 7.62mmB0.11 '" RoUlc\s I T oto.1 # cl W''I'on RoUl(\,

" 'NI:it. Star Cluster I hch

U Green Star Cluster I hch

" 'NI:it. Paracm te Flilt. I hch

" HC Smoke I hch

" Pa? . Sme,," I hch

" y.llowSme,," I hch

" TrashBags I hch

" Toil.tPaper I Roll

" 550 Cord I M.ter

" Chemli@lt' 6" x 6" (SpecityColor)

n AA B atteri" I hch

n H ock.y Puci; B .It.ri., I hch

" SINCG AR B .It.ri" I hch

n PLGRB.lteri" I hch

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RESUPPLY REQUEST A resupply request is a format IAW unit SOP and is used to facilitate the request for supplies. This is another tool at your disposal for supply request through your platoon cadre and will sometimes be used in tactical situations.

Line 1 Delivery A. Location B. How marked C. DTG D. Air or Ground E. Drop-off or Line-up

Line 2 Class I Food Preparation

A. # of MREs B. # Quarts of water

Line 3 Class II A. SINCGARS Batteries B. PRC-126 Batteries C. Lithium Batteries D. AA Batteries E. PLGR Batteries F. Boxes of �hem. lights – by color

Line 4 Class IV Fortification Material

A. Barb wire B. Concertina wire C. # Long picket D. # Short picket E. # 4 x 4s F. Plywood G. Sandbags

Line 5 Pioneer tools A. Picks B. Shovels C. Axes D. Picket pounders

Line 6 Class V Ammunition

A. # Rounds 5.56 Ball B. # Rounds 5.56 Linked C. # Rounds 7.62 Linked D. # Rounds 40mm – By Type E. # Frags E. # Smoke (HC) F. # Smoke (Colored) G. # Smoke pot H. # Trip Flares I. # Parachute / Star Cluster J. # Claymore K. # LAWs L. # AT-4s M. # M47 Dragons N. # M16 Mines O. # M18 Mines P. # M21 Mines

Line 7 Class VIII Medical Equipment

A. Camo packs B. Bottles iodine tablets C. IVs

Line 8 DX/Evac A. Weapon and type B. Commo – Radio and/or component parts C. PLGR

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ANNEX A: COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES

RADIO PROCEDURES: Change frequencies and call signs in accordance with SOI.

a. Use varied transmission schedules and lengths. b. Use established formats to expedite transmissions such as SALUTE. c. Encode messages or use secure voice. d. Use brevity codes when possible.

RADIO TERMINOLOGY

PROWORD EXPLANATIONALL AFTER I refer to all of the message that follows

ALL BEFORE I refer to all of the message that proceedsBREAK I now separate the text from other parts of the message

CORRECTION There is an error in this transmission. Transmission will continue with last word correctly transmitted.GROUPS This message contains the number of groups indicated by the numeral following.

I SAY AGAIN I am repeating transmission or part indicated.I SPELL I will spell the next word phonetically.

MESSAGE

A message that requires recording is about to follow. (Transmitted immediately after the call. This proword is not used on nets primarily employed for conveying messages. It is intended for use when messages are passed on tactical or reporting net.)

MORE TO FOLLOW Transmitting station had additional traffic for the receiving station.OUT This is the end of my transmission to you and no answer is required or expected.

OVER This is the end of my transmission to you and a response is necessary. Go ahead; transmit.RADIO CHECK What is my signal strength and readability, that is, how do you hear me?

ROGER I have received your last transmission satisfactorily, loud and clear.SAY AGAIN indicated].")

THIS IS This transmission is from the station whose designator immediately follows.TIME That which immediately follows is the time or date/time group of the message.WAIT I must pause for a few seconds.

WAIT-OUT I must pause for longer than a few seconds.

WILCOI have received your transmission, understand it, and will comply. (To be used only by the addressee. Since the meaning of ROGER is included in that of WILCO, the two prowords are never used together.)

WORD AFTER I refer to the word of the message that follows.WORD BEFORE I refer to the word of the message that proceeds.

RADIO PROTOCOL: Below, you will find a short list of words and phrases you should or should not use when communicating via radio.

o The initiating station will say out o Do not say sir – use proper call signs o When using someone’s name over the radio, just use his name without providing rank or position o Do not use the phrase good copy – instead say “roger” o The radio is not your cell phone – use proper procedure

CALL SIGNS: Call signs are used to identify units and individuals. The below is a typical listing and outlines the call signs within 2-11 IN. o BN CDR – Leader 6 o BN CSM – Leader 7 o BN XO – Leader 5 o BN S3 – Leader 3

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Company Prefix Platoon Identifier Leader Suffix Headhunter – HHC

Attack – A Co

Battle – B Co

Charlie – C Co

1 – 1st Platoon

2 – 2nd Platoon

3 – 3rd Platoon

4 – 4th Platoon

1 – 1st Squad Leader

2 – 2nd Squad Leader

3 – 3rd Squad Leader

4 – 4th Squad Leader

6 – Platoon Leader

7 – Platoon Sergeant

A – Alpha Team Leader

B – Bravo Team Leader

R - RTO Example Call Signs:

Attack 4-6 (A Co 4th Platoon Leader)

Battle 3-7 (B Co 3rd Platoon Sergeant)

Charlie 1-1A (C Co 1st Squad Alpha Team Leader)

FREQUENCY: All soldiers will utilize the following frequency. The alternate frequency will be used if compromised or if interference has occurred. The frequency will be preset into both the PRC -127 and MBITR radios.

RADIO SETTING

FREQUENCY PRIMARY

FEQUENCY ALTERNATE NET

1 35.00 35.50 1st Platoon

2 36.00 36.50 2nd Platoon

3 37.00 37.50 3rd Platoon

4 38.00 38.50 4th Platoon

6 40.00 40.50 Company

7 41.00 41.50 Fires

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COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES

CONTROLING DIRECT FIRES: A number of tools/ techniques may be utilized for the purpose of controlling direct fires. The following will be used as control measures: smoke, whistles, star-clusters, FM, road guard vests, or VS-17 panels.

NEAR AND FAR RECOGNITION SIGNALS:

DAY NEAR: VS-17, road-guard vest FAR: FM

NIGHTNEAR (Primary): IR Flash (use Odd Number Combination <10) NEAR (Alternate): Red Flash from Flashlight (use Odd Number Combination <10)

FAR: FM

RUNNING PASSWORD: Any soldier who becomes separated from his unit and requires quick passage back to friendly lines calls out the running password and the number of incoming personnel (to prevent enemy following you through friendly lines). It is used only in emergencies when in enemy contact and will immediately be changed after being used.

CHALLENGE AND PASSWORD: The challenge and pass is used to enter a patrol base or other secure area. The most commonly used is a number combination where the total is less than 10. For example, say the combination is 8, Challenge is 3 and Pass is 5. Another technique is a word combination (i.e. thunder – rock). Your challenge and password should not be related to avoid the enemy guessing correctly (i.e. mickey – mouse).

TACTICAL MARKING SIGNALS: There are numerous marking and signaling SOPs. The below SOPs are intended to be a guide but may be changed by platoon cadre depending on mission and resources.

SIGNALS

Initiate supporting fires: FM, phase line, specific trigger, contact, or time hack

Shift supporting fires (Maneuver element to SBF):

DAY (PRIMARY): White star cluster (if available) or VS-17 panel tied to rock and thrown in line of sight of guns (flaming rock)DAY (ALTERNATE): One Long Whistle Blast or Air Horn DAY (CONTINGENCY): FM NIGHT (PRIMARY): White star cluster (if available) or blue Chem-light bundle. NIGHT (ALTERNATE): One Long Whistle Blast or Air Horn NIGHT (CONTINGENCY): FM

Shift supporting fires (Confirmation to Maneuver element)

Same signal(s) that the maneuver element used for Day & Night

Cease Fire (also referred to as “Watch & Shoot” with “Weapon’s Control Status” – see para. (1) below)

SHIFT FIRE Change the direction of fire from the current sector of fire. CEASE FIRE Stop firing. WEAPONS FREE Fire all targets not positively identified as friendly. WEAPONS HOLD Fire only is self-defense. WEAPONS TIGHT Fire only at targets positively identified as enemy.

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DAY (PRIMARY): Green star cluster (if available) or VS-17 panel tied to rock and thrown in line of sight of guns (flaming rock)DAY (ALTERNATE): Three short Whistle Blasts or Air Horn DAY (CONTINGENCY): FM NIGHT (PRIMARY): Green star cluster (if available) or Green Chem-light bundle. NIGHT (ALTERNATE): Three short Whistle Blasts or Air Horn NIGHT (CONTINGENCY): FM

Weapons Control Status (IAW FM 3-21.8, pg. 2-19)

Weapons Hold: Engage only if engaged or ordered to engage Weapons Tight: Engage only targets that are positively identified (PID) as enemy Weapons Free: Engage any targets that are not PID’d as friendly

EMERGENCY CEASE FIRE: Used only in training for a safety violation. Leader yells “Cease Fire” and the command is echoed by everyone until all firing has stopped.

Bunker Cleared:

DAY: Stick with VS-17 panel or road guard vest at easily identified position. (prefer entry point) NIGHT: Stick with IR Chem-Light

Trench Entry point:

DAY: 2 x VS-17 panels or road guard vest flanking entry point NIGHT: Same as day but with IR Chem-Lights attached

CCP:

DAY: VS-17 panel/road guard vest NIGHT: Red Chem-Lights shaped in a cross at night (+).

Cleared Enemy KIAs:

Pull shirt over head, cross legs, roll onto belly.

Detainee Collection Point:

Located 50 meters at 12 o’clock from the CCP or secured in an adjacent room DAY: Cardboard or chalk on the wall “DET” NIGHT: IR Chem-light arrowhead pointed down (aka a “V” shape)

Urban Operations (UO)

Entry Point (DAY): VS-17 panel/Road Guard Vest Entry Point (NIGHT): Green Chem-Light Room Cleared (DAY): Large “X” on wall to the right of all doors at eye level. (use chalk, camo stick, etc.) Room Cleared (NIGHT): Blue Chem-Light with tape (“sticky chem”) Room Cleared (DAY FOR SBF): Hang VS-17/road guard vest panel out a window or hole in wall. Room Cleared (NIGHT FOR SBF): Hang Blue or IR Chem-Light out a window or hole or use tape Bldg. Cleared: VS-17 panel/road guard vest (w/ Green or IR Chem-Lights at night) hung from the highest point on all sides of the building

that can be seen by friendly forces.

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Breach lane:

DAY: White engineer tape on both sides of the breach.

Enemy

White EngineerTape

NIGHT: Green Chem-Lights marking both near and far side of obstacle.

Enemy

Green ChemicalLights

ORP/PB:

Apex: (Night Only) Directional (arrowhead) IR Chem-Lights facing toward the center. Exit Point: (Night Only) two IR Chem-Light crosses (+) flanking the point.

LZ Link-up Point:

DAY: VS-17 panel/road guard vest NIGHT: Swinging IR Chem-Light or IR strobe light

CODE WORDS:

Red: Weapons malfunction or cannot take OBJ Green: Weapon back in action or can take OBJ Hot: Magazine or Ammunition back to full. Cold: Out of ammunition. Black: I am Bounding/Moving Right Gold: I am Bounding/Moving Left

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HAND & ARM SIGNALS:

PLT LDR Forward Hold up one hand with the index fingers extended; move the hand, repeatedly, back and forth touching the helmet were the rank is normally displayed.

PSG Forward With one hand grasp the point of the collar where the rank is displayed and tug down ward several times.

SQD LDR Forward Hold up one hand with one or more fingers extended to indicate which squad leader is to come forward. Move the hand, with the appropriate number of fingers extended, across the body and touch the shoulder. One finger represents the 1st SL, two the 2nd SL, three the 3rd SL and four the WPNS SL. when all five fingers are used this means all squad leaders and up are to come forward. Squad leaders should move in the direction the signal came from.

Radiotelephone Operator Forward Raise the hand to the ear with the thumb and little finger extended.

Join Me, Follow Me, or Come Forward Point toward person (s) or unit(s); beckon by holding the arm horizontally to the front, palm up, and motioning toward the body.

Wedge Extend the arms downward and to the sides at an angle of 45-degrees below the horizontal, palms to the front.

Increase Speed Raise the fist to shoulder level; thrust the fist upward to the full extent of the arm and back to shoulder level (rapidly) several times.

Quick Time or Slow Down Extend the arm horizontally sideward, palm to the front, and wave the arm slightly downward several times, keeping the arm straight. Do not move the arm above the horizontal. NOTE: This is the same signal as SLOW DOWN when directing vehicles. The difference in meaning must be understood from the context in which they are used.

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Head Count Tap the back of the helmet repeatedly with an open hand.

Pace Count Tap the heal of the boot repeatedly with an open hand.

Map Check Point at the palm of one hand with the index finger of the other hand.

Danger Area Draw the hand, palm down, across the neck in a throat-cutting motion from left to right.

In Route Rally Point Extent the arm to the side and bend it upward at the finger from the fist, rotate the hand in a horizontal circle several times elbow. Extend the index and point at the rally point. This signal is given only when you are adjacent to the rally point.

Assemble or ORP Raise the arm vertically overhead, fingers extended and together, and wave in a large horizontal circle. This signal is used to tell a unit to assemble on you or signal the occupation of the objective rally point when in movement.

Halt Raise the arm upward to the side bent at the elbow with the fingers extended and together.

Freeze Raise the fist to head level. When this signal is given personnel cease all movement.

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Disperse Extend either arm vertically overhead; wave the arm and hand to the front, left, right, and rear, with the palm toward the direction of each movement.

Action Front (Right, Left or Rear) Raise the fist to shoulder level and thrust it several times in the desired direction of action.

Enemy in Sight Hold the rifle in the ready position at shoulder level. Point the rifle in the direction of the enemy.

Commence Firing Extend the arm in front of the body, palm down, and move it through a wide horizontal arc several times. For machine guns, when giving the signal again, moving the arm faster means to change to the next higher rate of fire. To slow the rate of fire, move the arm slower. This signal is used primarily for direct fire weapons.

Cease Firing Raise the hand in front of the forehead, palm to the front, and swing the hand and forearm up and down several times in front of the face.

Out of Action Strike the fist of one hand several times in rapid succession against the pal of the other hand.

I Do Not Understand Raise both arms sideward to the horizontal; bend both arms at the elbows and place both hands across the face, palms to front.

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ANNEX B: TRAINING MEETINGS

TRAINING MEETINGS: Training meetings will be conducted weekly to assess, coordinate, and plan training. Proper training preparation leads to successful training.

ASSESMENT TO TRAINING: In order to improve training we must first assess current training. Assessment of training should include strengths to focus on and weaknesses to correct. Several tools are available to effectively assess our training: o Student AARs conducted in regards to training benefit and needed improvements o Platoon trainer input in regards to tasks to be trained and task accomplishment o Commander and headquarters review of training distracters and roadblocks

COORDINATION: Coordination will be made to ensure that available resources are locked in for needed training events. This includes pre-execution checks for near term training and final briefs for intended training objectives. Commander’s guidance will be provided during these times.

FUTURE PLANNING: Future planning at IBOLC includes POI laydowns for the next cycle pick-up. Corrections from the assessment phase should be inputtedduring these laydowns with updates made to the training calendar and approved by the commander.

The following graphic illustrates the tasks to be achieved for each training week (out to week eight) for each training meeting.

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TRAINING PREPARATION: It is our responsibility to maximize training effectiveness and efficiency. In order to accomplish this we must set the example for the conduct of training by having all training aids, prior coordination, and validation completed to successfully train our subordinates. In order to prepare for training we must follow the 8 step training model (FM 7-1, CH5) o Select tasks to be trained: The tasks to be trained will come from the POI, the Commander’s guidance, and input from subordinates o Plan the training: Identify and secure needed resources, training aids, and prepare MOIs o Train the trainers: An untrained trainer is not a trainer at all. Validate all trainers. o Recon the site: This can be done with the use of concept sketches and overviews. However, the best technique is to be on the ground and review all training sites and additional required resources. o Conduct risk assessment: Follow the steps to risk mitigation listed in Annex C. o Issue the training plan: MOIs should be issued in a timely manner with all required guidance o Rehearse: rehearse conduct of training with backbriefs or full-blown rehearsals o Conduct pre-execution checks: Ensure resources are prepared and all aids are on hand

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ANNEX C: RISK MANAGEMENT

RISK MANAGEMENT: Risk management is imperative to all training. The current risk management conducted at IBOLC has saved and will continue to save Soldier’s lives. We must constantly assess and develop innovative way to manage risk while still accomplishing the mission. The steps to risk management are: o Identify hazards o Assess hazards o Develop controls and make risk decision o Implement controls o Supervise and Evaluate

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IDENTIFY HAZARDS: A hazard is an actual or potential condition where the following can occur o INJURY, ILLNESS OR DEATH OF PERSONNEL o DAMAGE OR LOSS OF EQUIPMENT AND PROPERTY o MISSION DEGRADATION

ASSESS HAZARDS: There are two steps to assessing hazards. Step One: o Hazard probability: frequent, likely, occasional, seldom, unlikely

Single itemOccurs very often in service life. Expected to occur several times over duration of a specific mission or operation. Always occurs.

Fleet or inventory of itemsOccurs continuously during a specific mission or operation, or over a service life.

Individual soldierOccurs very often in career. Expected to occur several times during mission or operation. Always occurs.

All soldiers exposed Occurs continuously during a specific mission or operation.

Single itemOccurs several times in service life. Expected to occur during a specific mission or operation.

Fleet or inventory of itemsOccurs at a high rate, but experienced intermittently (regular intervals, generally often,).

Individual soldierOccurs several times in career. Expected to occur during a specific mission or operation.

All soldiers exposed Occurs at a high rate, but experienced intermittently

Single itemOccurs some time in service life. May occur about as often as not during a specific mission or operation.

Fleet or inventory of items Occurs several times in service life.

Individual soldierOccurs some time in career. May occur during a specific mission or operation, but not often.

All soldiers exposed Occurs sporadically (irregularly, sparsely, or sometimes).

Single itemOccurs in service life, but only remotely possible. Not expected to occur during a specific mission or operation.

Fleet or inventory of itemsOccurs as isolated incidents. Possible to occur some time in service life, but rarely. Usually does not occur.

Individual soldierOccurs as isolated incident during a career. Remotely possible, but not expected to occur during a specific mission or operation.

All soldiers exposed Occurs rarely within exposed population as isolated incidents.

Single item

Occurrence not impossible, but can assume will almost never occur in service life. Can assume will not occur during a specific mission or operation.

Fleet or inventory of itemsOccurs very rarely (almost never or improbable). Incidents may occur over service life.

Individual soldierOccurrence not impossible, but may assume will not occur in career or during a specific mission or operation.

All soldiers exposed Occurs very rarely, but not impossible

UNLIKELY (E) Can assume will not occur, but not impossible

FREQUENT (A) Occurs very often, continuously experienced

LIKELY (B) Occurs several times

OCCASIONAL (C) Occurs sporadically

SELDOM (D) Remotely possible; could occur at some time

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Step Two: o Hazard severity: catastrophic, critical, marginal, negligible

The results from hazard severity and hazard probability are used to determine the overall risk on the range using the following table:

SEVERITY DESCRIPTION

CATASTROPHIC (I) Loss of ability to accomplish the mission or mission failure. Death or permanent total disability (accident risk). Loss of major or mission-critical system or equipment. Major property (facility) damage. Severe environmental damage. Mission-critical security failure. Unacceptable collateral damage.

CRITICAL (II) Significantly (severely) degraded mission capability or unit readiness. Permanent partial disability, temporary total disability exceeding 3 months time (accident risk). Extensive (major) damage to equipment or systems. Significant damage to property or the environment. Security failure. Significant collateral damage.

MARGINAL (III) Degraded mission capability or unit readiness. Minor damage to equipment or systems, property, or the environment. Lost day due to injury or illness not exceeding 3 months (accident risk). Minor damage to property or the environment.

NEGLIGIBLE (IV) Little or no adverse impact on mission capability. First aid or minor medical treatment (accident risk). Slight equipment or system damage, but fully functional and serviceable. Little or no property or environmental damage.

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DEVELOP CONTROLS AND MAKE RISK DECISION: Controls are emplaced to attempt to mitigate risks. They can be educational, physical, or avoidance controls. After controls are implemented the residual risk is determined.

IMPLEMENT CONTROLS: During the execution of training the developed controls are then implemented. It is the responsibility of leaders to ensure controls are understood and effective. These controls may be modified during training as assessments are made on the ground.

SUPERVISE AND EVALUATE: Supervision never ends. Leaders will continue to monitor and asses training. If hazards are not being properly mitigated, leaders must make on the spot corrections and adjustments. The best controls in the world will be of no use if they are not enforced.

The following is the daily risk management checklist used during all field training events This card is used in conjunction with the risk assessment worksheet done prior to conduct of training. The card is shown on the following page and in the back of the Smarbook..

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COMPOSITE ruSK MANAGEMENT WORKSH EET For U'8 0 1" 111;, rorm, , ... FM5-1 9; Ih.8 propooonL "g~I1CY ; ' n~AIJOc

I. MJSNII A:;K j 111. U ' U '''''-ilN j do . U ru "-''ill I J. ''''\ ' ~ , l ' , "v.a"'lJ)

4. PREI'AIUlI) IlY: • . W\~ , .,,""" b. " "NK I c. lU>I I IJN

5. G. 7. S. 9 . 10. II. 12. SUI1r AS K HAZARDS INr rLl.L CONTROLS RESI1JU/,L HOW·m HOW TO WAS CONTROL

RISK IUSK IMPLEMENT SUPER \'I5>E (WHO) EFPI1C1WJl1 lEVEL U;"·EL

Ad:lili cu d NXI~ fa- enlrirs in Ilems 5lhrou"h J I il nW\"oot 011 OO tle 1.

13. OVERALLL RISK LEVEL APTER C'CNrROLS AIUl IMI' LIlMl!Nn m (CI,, '" a .c)

o LOW o MOI)[ RflTE o l{t:Oll D ICXTIUlM:EL Y I{IGB

JOI·IN Q. OOE J/u.i.ES L. PUIlLC LTC. IN COL. IN Callnlllld n,g CUlI1l1l ] lI i1i Il8

14, RIS K !)IDS DN AlJI·HORny •. LAST NAMI1 h. llf,,'lK c. I)lJI .... I'aSITDN d. SI(ft"flTURE

DA FORM 7566, APR 2005

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ANNEX D: AFTER ACTION REVIEW

AFTER ACTION REVIEWS: Army Training Circular 25-20 An after action review is a professional discussion of an event, focused on performance standards, that enables soldiers to discover for themselves what happened, why it happened, and how to maintain strengths and improve weaknesses. The AAR is the keystone of theevaluation process. No leader, no matter how skilled, will be able to see every aspect of the event or visualize the event from many different perspectives.

There are three discussion techniques that can be used when conducting an AAR. These are all a tool to facilitate an AAR that is focused on training objectives. The preferred technique for 2-11 IN is the discussion technique involving key events/themes/issues. However, this does not mean that the AAR cannot involve other discussion techniques as well. o Chronological order of events o Battlefield Operating Systems or Elements of Combat Power o Key events/themes/issues

KEY EVENTS/THEMES/ISSUES: A key events discussion focuses on critical training events which directly support training objectives the chain of command identified before the exercise began. Keeping a tight focus on these events prevents the discussion from becoming sidetracked by issues which do not relate to training objectives.

The key events/themes/issues can be focused in several different ways. The following are some recommended focuses o Leader Critical Tasks/Decision Points – decision points are points in the operation where the leader (we are focused on developing leaders that know how to think and not what to think) must make a decision based on the information on the battlefield. For example: is the enemy suppressed so that I may flank, according to the terrain how should I attack, according to the humanintelligence I have received how should I react, I have received contact so how should I react. These decision points that will be focused on should be predetermined and explained to the chain of command so they may focus on these objectives during the planning process, rehearsals, execution, and then the AAR. o Critical tasks – critical tasks can be anything that you believe would have been imperative to the success of the mission. Forexample: was the enemy immediately suppressed as the platoon reacted to contact; was the entire objective suppressed; were successful transitions made during shift fires, initial assault, and consolidation; was the objective effectively isolated. Again, these critical tasks or objectives to be trained should be told to the chain of command so they may focus on them during the planningprocess, rehearsals, execution, and during the AAR.

The decisive point for conducting good AARs will be achieved by selecting proper decision points and critical tasks to focus on and relaying these tasks to the chain of command so they may focus on them during the entire operation (planning, rehearsals, execution, and AAR). During the AAR, focusing on the leader decision points and critical tasks will ensure that all members of the platoon receive feedback on the leaders accomplishment of these decisions and tasks. It is imperative that everyone understand what the chain of command did and failed to do so that all Soldiers receive the same training. We will never be able to train all tasks so we must focus our training objectives around key events, themes, and issues.

QUICK REFERENCE ON PREPARING AND CONDUCTING THE AAR: o Determine the decision points, critical tasks, etc to be evaluated and ensure the chain of command is aware of these things sothey will be a focus throughout the operation.

o Focus on your decision points, critical tasks, etc when conducting your AAR. Don’t get sidetracked o Ask leading questions and not yes/no questions. The AAR process is not a time to show off how much you know. It is intendedto allow subordinates to discuss and analyze their performance IAW your guidance.

o Don’t focus on just negative aspects during the operation. What did the unit do well. o Remember that the AAR is not an excuse to avoid making on the spot corrections during the operation. Maintain a zero tolerance policy for mistakes made during the operation. If they aren’t corrected they will continue. o An AAR should result in what strengths to maintain and the weaknesses to fix. After the AAR is complete retraining and modifications to SOPs should be made to prevent the same mistakes. Uphold the standards you have emplaced. If the operation was unsuccessful, retrain and reevaluate.

BELOW IS THE 2-11 IN AAR FORMAT: (It is also in the back of the Smartbook) Key training objectives refers to the endstate of your training. What specific collective tasks do you want to train? You will focus your AAR around these objectives. However, this does not mean you should not focus on other tasks throughout the training event.

Leader Critical Tasks and/or Decision Points refers to the most important decisions (your discretion) the leader will have to make during the execution process (i.e. was the enemy effectively suppressed to allow me to begin my assault, what direction do I flank after analyzing the terrain, etc). What decision points lead to your training objectives? The decision outcome is for you to annotate the leader’s decision, outcome, and talking points to bring up.

Unit Critical Tasks refers to critical areas you want the unit to focus on in support of the overall training objectives (i.e. suppression of the entire objective – width and depth, was there a successful transition of fires on the objective when the assault began, were necessary

96

conditions set, etc). Level of task accomplishment is for you to annotate the effectiveness of the task to be performed. Was the task successful, what happened, what needs to be fixed?

All of the key training objectives, leader critical tasks/decision points, and unit critical tasks to be focused on in the AAR should be told to the chain of command prior to execution. This will allow the leadership to incorporate these items into the planning, rehearsal, and execution process. When conducting the AAR, remember that it is not a time to show everything you know. It is a time to discuss the decision points and critical tasks in support of the training objectives. Ask leading questions and allow the students to reach the outcomes and level of task accomplishment through discussion, they will determine how to fix the weaknesses and reinforce the strengths, and then we will hold them to the prescribed standard with necessary retraining and reevaluation.

100

Platoon! Squad Leaders:

-Task

- Purpose

- Decisive Point

- Scheme of Maneuver

II

II

II

II

II

II

II .. .. .. II

PLTLFXAAR

Tempo

;- ~ation

Setting COIJdi'rians

Tadkal PUtiem:e

Tnrllsifian"s

97

ANNEX E: REFERENCES

GENERAL FIELD MANUALS

FM 3-07.31 10/26/2003 PEACE OPERATIONS MULTI-SERVICE TACTICS, TECHNIQUES, AND PROCEDURES FOR CONDUCTING PEACE OPERATIONS

FM 3-24 12/15/2006 COUNTERINSURGENCYFM 3-34.210 3/27/2007 EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS OPERATIONS FM 6-0 8/11/2003 MISSION COMMAND: COMMAND AND CONTROL OF ARMY FORCES FM 20-3 8/30/1999 CAMOUFLAGE, CONCEALMENT, AND DECOYS FMI 3-63.6 10/4/2005 COMMAND AND CONTROL OF DETAINEE OPERATIONS TC 20-32-3 8/15/1997 FOREIGN MINE HANDBOOK (BALKAN STATES) TC 20-32-4 8/15/1997 FOREIGN MINE HANDBOOK (ASIA)

TC 20-32-5 2/13/2003 COMMANDER’S REFERENCE GUIDE: LAND MINE AND EXPLOSIVE HAZARDS (IRAQ)

TC 21-7 8/14/2003 PERSONAL FINANCIAL READINESS AND DEPLOYABILITY HANDBOOK

INDIVIDUAL SOLDIER FM 3-05.70 5/17/2002 SURVIVAL FM 3-25.26 1/18/2005 MAP READING AND LAND NAVIGATION FM 3-50.1 8/10/2005 ARMY PERSONNEL RECOVERY

FM 3-50.3 3/20/2007 MULTI-SERVICE PROCEDURES FOR SURVIVAL, EVASION AND RECOVERY FM 4-30.51 7/13/2006 UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE (UXO) PROCEDURES FM 21-18 6/1/1990 FOOT MARCHES FM 21-20 9/30/1992 PHYSICAL FITNESS TRAINING FM 21-31 6/19/1961 TOPOGRAPHIC SYMBOLS (INCL C-1) FM 21-60 9/30/1987 VISUAL SIGNALS FM 21-75 3/8/1984 COMBAT SKILLS OF THE SOLDIER FM 21-305 8/27/1993 MANUAL FOR THE WHEELED VEHICLE DRIVER STP 21-1-SMCT 10/2/2006 SOLDIER'S MANUAL OF COMMON TASKS, WARRIOR SKILLS, LEVEL 1

STP 21-24-SMCT 10/2/2006 SOLDIER'S MANUAL OF COMMON TASKS, WARRIOR LEADER, SKILL LEVELS 2, 3, AND 4

TC 21-3 3/17/1986 SOLDIER'S HANDBOOK FOR INDIVIDUAL OPERATIONS AND SURVIVAL IN COLD-WEATHER AREAS

TC 21-21 6/25/1991 WATER SURVIVAL TRAINING TC 21-24 9/10/1997 RAPPELLING

LEADERSHIP, COURTESY, DRILL FM 3-21.5 7/7/2003 DRILL AND CEREMONIES (INCL C-1) FM 6-22 10/12/2006 ARMY LEADERSHIP FM 7-0 10/22/2002 TRAINING THE FORCE FM 7-22.7 12/23/2002 THE ARMY NONCOMMISSIONED OFFICER GUIDE

INFANTRY FIELD MANUALS -1-DRILL 7/20/2006 WARRIOR BATTLE DRILLS

ARTEP 7-4-MTP 7/14/2003 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON

ARTEP 7-5-MTP 5/15/2003 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON AND SQUAD

ARTEP 7-7J-DRILL 6/28/2002 BATTLE DRILLS FOR THE BRADLEY FIGHTING VEHICLE PLATOON, SECTION, AND SQUAD

ARTEP 7-8-DRILL 6/25/2002 BATTLE DRILLS FOR THE INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON AND SQUAD ARTEP 7-10-MTP 6/1/2000 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE INFANTRY RIFLE COMPANY

98

ARTEP 7-12-MTP 6/1/2003 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY RIFLE COMPANY

ARTEP 7-20-MTP 11/27/2001 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE INFANTRY BATTALION

ARTEP 7-22-MTP 9/19/2003 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY BATTALION

ARTEP 7-32-MTP 7/11/2003 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM (INCL C-1)

ARTEP 7-90-DRILL 7/26/2002 DRILLS FOR THE INFANTRY MORTAR PLATOON, SECTION, AND SQUAD

ARTEP 7-90-MTP 4/1/2005 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE INFANTRY MORTAR PLATOON, SECTION, AND SQUAD

ARTEP 7-91-DRILL 7/26/2002 DRILLS FOR THE ANTIARMOR (TOW) PLATOON, SECTION, AND SQUAD

ARTEP 7-92-MTP 5/26/2002 MISSION TRAINING PLAN FOR THE INFANTRY RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON AND SQUAD

FM 3-21.8 3/28/2007 THE INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON AND SQUAD FM 3-21.9 12/2/2002 THE SBCT INFANTRY RIFLE PLATOON AND SQUAD FM 3-21.10 7/27/2006 THE INFANTRY RIFLE COMPANY FM 3-21.11 1/23/2003 THE SBCT INFANTRY RIFLE COMPANY FM 3-21.20 12/13/2006 THE INFANTRY BATTALION

FM 3-21.21 4/8/2003 THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY BATTALION (INCL C-1) FM 3-21.38 4/25/2006 PATHFINDER OPERATIONS FM 3-21.71 8/20/2002 MECHANIZED INFANTRY PLATOON AND SQUAD (BRADLEY) FM 3-21.91 11/26/2002 TACTICAL EMPLOYMENT OF ANTIARMOR PLATOONS AND COMPANIES

FM 3-21.94 4/18/2003 THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY BATTALION RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON

FM 3-21.220 9/23/2003 STATIC LINE PARACHUTING TECHNIQUES AND TRAINING FM 3-22.1 11/28/2003 BRADLEY GUNNERY FM 3-22.3 3/9/2006 STRYKER GUNNERY FM 3-90.6 8/4/2006 THE BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM FM 7-7 3/15/1985 THE MECHANIZED INFANTRY PLATOON AND SQUAD (APC) FM 7-85 6/9/1987 RANGER UNIT OPERATIONS FM 7-90 10/9/1992 TACTICAL EMPLOYMENT OF MORTARS

FM 7-92 12/13/2001 THE INFANTRY RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON AND SQUAD (AIRBORNE, AIR ASSAULT, LIGHT INFANTRY)

FM 7-93 10/3/1995 LONG-RANGE SURVEILLANCE UNIT OPERATIONS FM 7-98 10/19/1992 OPERATIONS IN A LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT

STP 7-11B1-SM-TG 8/6/2004 SOLDIER'S MANUAL AND TRAINER'S GUIDE, MOS 11B, INFANTRY, SKILL LEVEL 1

STP 7-11B24-SM-TG 8/6/2004 SOLDIER'S MANUAL AND TRAINER'S GUIDE, MOS 11B, INFANTRY, SKILLS LEVEL 2, 3, AND 4

STP 7-11C14-SM-TG 8/6/2004 SOLDIER'S MANUAL AND TRAINER'S GUIDE, MOS 11C, INDIRECT FIRE INFANTRYMAN, SKILL LEVELS 1/2/3/4

STP 7-11H14-SM-TG 3/1/2000 SOLDIER'S MANUAL AND TRAINER'S GUIDE, MOS 11H, HEAVY ANTIARMOR WEAPONS INFANTRYMAN, SKILL LEVELS 1/2/3/4

TC 7-9 9/30/1993 INFANTRY LIVE-FIRE TRAINING TC 7-21 1/12/2006 STRYKER DRIVER TRAINING TC 7-98-1 6/5/1997 STABILITY AND SUPPORT OPERATIONSTRAINING SUPPORT PACKAGE

WEAPONS

FM 3-22.9 1/22/2004 RIFLE MARKSMANSHIP M16A1, M16A2/3, M16A4, AND M4 CARBINE (INCL C-1 THRU C-4)

FM 3-22.27 11/28/2003 MK 19, 40-mm GRENADE MACHINE GUN, MOD 3 FM 3-22.31 2/13/2003 40-MM GRENADE LAUNCHER, M203 (INCL C-1)

99

FM 3-22.32 7/8/2005 IMPROVED TARGET ACQUISITION SYSTEM, M41 FM 3-22.34 11/28/2003 TOW WEAPON SYSTEM FM 3-22.37 1/23/2003 JAVELIN MEDIUM ANTIARMOR WEAPON SYSTEM FM 3-22.65 3/3/2005 BROWNING MACHINE GUN, CALIBER .50 HB, M2 FM 3-22.65 3/3/2005 BROWNING MACHINE GUN, CALIBER .50 HB, M2 (INCL CHG 1) FM 3-22.68 7/21/2006 CREW SERVED WEAPONS FM 3-22.90 12/31/2004 MORTARS FM 3-22.91 1/18/2005 MORTAR GUNNERY FM 3-23.30 6/7/2005 GRENADES AND PYROTECHNIC SIGNALS (WITH CHANGE 1) FM 3-23.35 6/25/2003 COMBAT TRAINING WITH PISTOLS, M9 AND M11 (INCL C-1 AND C-2) FM 23-10 8/17/1994 SNIPER TRAINING FM 23-23 3/30/1973 ANTIPERSONNEL MINE M18A1 AND M18 (CLAYMORE) (INCL C-1)

101

2 -11 AFTER ACT IQt.j REVIElJl1

Ol>€f<li ion: Key T r<li ni n g Obj=cii '-'=5 :

Le<ld er C r it ic.<ll T <IS kslDecis ion Point s: O ui oornes:

Un it C r it iC<l1 T<lsks: O uico:rnes:

102

.2-11 AFTER ACT ION REV IElJll

Ol>eratian: Key T rai ni n gObj=ciiYe5 :

Lsad er Cr it ical T as kslDecis ian Po int s: O utoomes:

Unit Cr it i cal T asks: O utoomes:

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Stud

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Initi

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___

FACTORS

1. Risk Management Worksheet(RMWS)(FB FORM 46-R

All control measures onRMWS complied with

Not all control measureson RMWS complied with

2. Weather Condition Clear, Calm Storm Watch, Rain Storm Warning Lightning/Tornado

3. Heat Category Category I or less Category II and III Category IV Category V

4. Heat injuries in Past Two Days None Heat Cramps Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke

5. Heat Acclimatization Days >13 7-13 3-6 <3

6. Exertion Level in Past Two Days* Easy WorkEasy or Moderate

WorkModerate or Hard

WorkHard Work

7. Cold Wind Chill > 50 Wind Chill 31-50 Wind Chill 20-30 Wind Chill <20

8. Visibility Clear Cloudy Fog or Smoke Darkness

9. Wildlife (i.e. Snakes, Insects, etc.) Few Some Many Infested

10. Medical Support Medics Combat Lifesaver First Aid Trained None

11. Leader/Cadre Presence Full time Substantial Minimal None

12. Personnel Training- Leader/Cadre >18 Months 7-18 Months 1-6 Months < 1 Month- Student (dry rehearsal) >= 3 times Twice Once None

13. Communications System Radio and Phone Phone Only Radio Only None

14. Rest in Previous 24 hours > 7 hours 5-7 hours 2-4 hours < 2 hours

15. Conditions of Equipment/TrainingAids Excellent Adequate Marginal Poor

NUMBER OF CHECKS IN EACHCOLUMN (A)POINTS PER CHECK (B) 1 2 3 4TOTAL PER COLUMN = A X B

POINTS FOR ENTIRE CHECKLIST =

COMPARE ABOVE POINTS WITH=>>>> GO: < 29 Points

NO GO: (>29 Points)or (More than one 4)

AVAILABILITY OF CONTROLSOperation: Organization: Prepared By: Date:

DAILY RISK MANAGEMENT CHECKLIST

Instructions for use of this checklist:a. This checklist addresses conditions which may change between the planning phase of the operation/training, and the execution phase. It also

addresses operations/training which are conducted on a repetitive basis. It is to be used in conjunction with FB 46-R, Risk Management Worksheetwhich was prepared during the planning phase of the operation/training.

b. This checklist should be completed by the individual conducting the operation/training immediately prior to beginning the operation or training. Itshould be updated if conditions change.

c. The chain of command must be consulted and approve the operation or training prior to beginning if:- The total point value on the checklist is greater than 29, i.e., the overall operation is NO GO- More than one (1) of the factors are rated as a 4- There are hazards present which are not listed on the FB Form 46-R, Risk Management Worksheet.

*Easy Work: Weapon Maintenance; Walking hard surface at 2.5 mph, <30lb Load; Marksmanship Training; Drill and Ceremony*Moderate Work: Walking loose sand at 2.5 mph, No load; Walking hard surface at 3.5 mph, <40lb load; Calisthenics; Patrolling; IMT*Hard Work: Walking hard surface at 3.5 mph, >40lb load; Walking loose sand at 2.5 mph with load; Field assaults; Runs over 5 miles;Road marches over 8 miles; Land navigation

A true leader has the confidence to stand alone, the courage tomake tough decisions, and the compassion to listen to theneeds of others. He does not set out to be a leader, butbecomes one by the equality of his actions and the integrity ofhis intent.

- General Douglas McArthur