inernship report on fauji fertilizer company

Internship Report on Fauji Fertilizer Company

“Practice makes one Perfect “and “Theory without practice is sterile” are the commonly Known proverbs. If Education is meat for Knowledge, Training is there to make one Perfect. Taste is checked not told. Training always helps people to prove what the real Essence of education is. That is why, internship in our BBA program is set as an Integral part and must for all the students so that they can check the difference between what is taught and what is actually practiced in the market. Different students are given assignments of internship at different industries in different cities. I have been given the assignment of doing internship in Fauji Fertilizer Company Ltd. I started Internship out there On June 16, 2015 and at the end of Expiry of six (06) weeks, I left it on July 27, 2015 with attaining almost all of my goals and objective.

I have tried my level best to gain whatever was possible in this short span of internship Period. This report is having all the information about the Company.

Purpose of the study:

The main purpose of the study in hand is to gather relevant information to compile internship report on Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited.

To observe, analyze and interpret the relevant data competently and in a useful manner. To know how to practically work in an organization. To develop interpersonal communication

Methodology of Study:

The report is based on my six week internship program in FFC. The methodology reported for collection of data is primary as well as secondary data. The primary source of information is my personal observation while working with staff and having discussion with them.

Primary Data:

Personal observation Discussion with staff Practical work

Secondary Data:

Government College University Faisalabad Layyah Campus


Policy manuals www.ffc.com.pk www.faujifertilizer.com

Vision

To be a leading national enterprise with global aspirations, effectively pursuing multiple growth

opportunities, maximizing returns to the stakeholders, remaining socially and ethically

responsible.

Mission

To provide our customers with premium quality products in a safe, reliable, efficient and

environmentally sound manner, deliver exceptional services and customer support, maximizing

returns to the shareholders through core business and diversification, providing a dynamic and

challenging environment for our employees.

Corporate Strategy

Maintaining our competitive position in the core business, we employ our brand name, unique

organizational culture, professional excellence and financial strength diversifying in local and

multinational environments through acquisitions and new projects thus achieving synergy

towards value creation for our stakeholders.


http://www.faujifertilizer.com/

http://www.ffc.com.pk/


Board of Directors

Lt Gen Khalid Nawaz Khan,

HI (M), Sitara-i-Esar (Retired)

Chairman

Lt Gen Naeem Khalid Lodhi,

HI (M) (Retired)

Chief Executive and Managing Director

Mr. Qaiser Javed

Non-Executive Director

Dr. Nadeem Inayat


Mr. Jorgen Madsen


Engr. Rukhsana Zuberi

Independent Director

Mr. Farhad Shaikh Mohammad


Maj. Gen Ghulam Haider,

HI (M) (Retired)


Mr. Khizar Hayat Khan


Maj. Gen Muhammad Farooq Iqbal,

HI (M) (Retired)


Brig Dr. Gulfam Alam,

SI (M) (Retired)


Mr. Shahid Ghaffar


Ms. Nargis Ghaloo


Chief Financial Officer Company Secretary Syed Shahid Hussain Brig Sher Shah, SI (M) (Retd)



Brief History of the Company

With a vision to acquire self - sufficiency in fertilizer production in the country, FFC was

incorporated in 1978 as a private limited company. This was a joint venture between Fauji

Foundation (a leading charitable trust in Pakistan) and Haldor Topsoe A/S of Denmark.

The initial share capital of the company was 813.9 Million Rupees. The present share capital of

the company stands above Rs. 8.48 Billion. Additionally, FFC has more than Rs. 8.3 Billion as

long term investments which include stakes in the subsidiaries FFBL, FFCEL and associate

FCCL.

FFC commenced commercial production of urea in 1982 with annual capacity of 570,000 metric tons.

Through De-Bottle Necking (DBN) program, the production capacity of the existing

plant increased to 695,000 metric tons per year.

Production capacity was enhanced by establishing a second plant in 1993 with annual

capacity of 635,000 metric tons of urea.

FFC participated as major shareholders in a new DAP/Urea manufacturing complex with

participation of major international/national institutions. The new company Fauji

Fertilizer Bin Qasim Limited (formerly FFC-Jordan Fertilizer Company Limited)

commenced commercial production with effect from January 01, 2000. The facility is

designed with an annual capacity of 551,000 metric tons of urea and 445,500 metric tons

of DAP, revamped to 670,000 metric tons of DAP.



In the year 2002, FFC acquired ex Pak Saudi Fertilizers Limited (PSFL) Urea Plant

situated at Mirpur Mathelo, District Ghotki from National Fertilizer Corporation (NFC)

through privatization process of the Government of Pakistan. It has annual production

capacity of 574,000 metric tons urea which has been revamped to 718,000 metric tons

urea in 2009.

This acquisition at Rs. 8,151 million represented the largest industrial sector transactions

in Pakistan at that time.

NATURE OF THE BUSINES

The company is a public company incorporated in Pakistan under the Companies Act, 1913,

(now the Companies Ordinance, 1984 and its shares are quoted on the

stock exchanges in Pakistan. The principal activity of the company is manufacturing, purchasing

and marketing of fertilizer, including investment in other fertilizer manufacturing operations.

Core Values

At FFC we seek uncompromising integrity through each Individual’s effort towards quality product for our customers, maximizing returns to the shareholders and sizable contribution to the national exchequer. Our business success is dependent on trusting relationships. Our reputation is founded on the integrity of the Company’s personnel and our commitment to the principles of:

• Honesty in communicating within the Company and with our business partners, suppliers and customers, while at the same time protecting the Company’s confidential information and trade secrets.

• Excellence in high-quality products and services to our customers.



• Consistency in our word and deed.

• Compassion in our relationships with our employees and the communities affected by our business.

• Fairness to our fellow employees, stakeholders, business partners, customers and suppliers through adherence to all applicable laws, regulations and policies and a high standard of moral behavior.

POLICY FORMULATION

QUALITY POLICY:

Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited is committed to attaining excellence in all areas of its operations. They continue to strive for improvement through coordinated efforts, feedback, and training and employee motivation. They are determined to ensure customer satisfaction, Company’s productivity &profitability, occupational health, safety and care for their environment and continue playing their role in the industrial and agricultural development of Pakistan.

SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY:

FFC is committed to maintain a safe and healthy environment having the same significance as productivity. It inculcates safety culture by specific training, incentives, and effective control, to ensure a safe and healthy working environment. It resolves to attain the highest standards of safety and health through consistent improvements in on-the-job and off-the-job safety and in the working conditions.

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY:



Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited is committed to achieve environmental protection through compliance with all the applicable laws and regulations. An active pollution prevention program is followed with efforts for continual improvement in the environmental aspects related to plant operations.

Management Objectives

Enhance agricultural productivity through balanced fertilizer application Maintain industry leadership Expand sales Create / enter new lines of business to augment profitability and achieve sustained

economic growth

Maintain operational efficiency to achieve synergies Economize on costs by eliminating redundancies

ISO-9002 certification

Another major landmark for Fauji Fertilizer Company is ISO-9002 certification for its manufacturing division 1st Goth Machhi. Quality in all areas has been a hallmark of the Company right from the beginning and our product “SONA UREA” has already established its rightful place in the market. Therefore to bring their system in line with internationally recognized quality standards, they decided to go for ISO-9002 certification. To achieve a total quality management system, FFC surpassed the requirement of ISO-9002 standards by including all support services like Admission, personnel, Finance Hospital, Schools and Management Club etc. also in the certification scope. They selected Bureau of VERITAS quality international (BVQI), England, a leading certification agency as our registrar. BVQI is honored by various accreditation authorities of the world. Quality management system of FFC got ISO certified in its first attempt during November 1997 with the honor of being the 1St Fertilizer plant in Pakistan. Since then they have not looked back. They have passed all surveillance audits with commendable remarks from their registrar. Since 21 February, 2001 Quality Management system of FFC now stands recertified (ISO 9002) by BVQI after successful completion of initial certification period of 3years.



Product Portfolio



Urea Fertilizer FFC & FFBL

Used in grain and cotton crops, at the time of last cultivation before planting. In irrigated crops, urea can be applied dry to the soil. During summer, it is often spread just before rain to minimize losses from vitalization process. Urea produced by FFBL is in Granular form, being the only of its kind in Pakistan.

Industrial Use

Raw material is used in manufacturing plastics, adhesives and industrial feedstock.

DAP Fertilizer FFC & FFBL

Sona DAP is the most concentrated phosphatic fertilizer containing 46% P2O5 and 18% Nitrogen. The solubility of DAP is more than 95%, which is highest among the phosphatic fertilizers available in the country. Further, on account of its nitrogen content, it temporarily increases the soil pH.

Industrial Use

Fire retardant used in commercial firefighting products. Other uses are as metal finisher, yeast nutrient, nicotine enhancer in cigarettes and sugar purifier.

SOP Fertilizer FFC

SOP is an important source of Potash, a quality nutrient for production of crops especially fruits and vegetables. FFC SOP contains 50% K2O in addition tom 18% sulphur, which is an important nutrient especially for oil seed crops with an ameliorating effect on salt-affected soils. Potash is an important nutrient for activation of enzymes in the plant body and helps increase sugar and starch contents in cultivation. Potash improves the resistance of plants against pests, diseases and stresses like water / frost injury etc.



Renewable Energy FFCEL

The company has been incorporated to operate a 49.5 MW wind power generation facility and its onward supply to Pakistan’s National Grid (NTDC).

Financial Services AKBL

Operating through a network of 321 full service / sub branches with a Wholesale Bank Branch in the Kingdom of Bahrain, AKBL offers a wide range of banking activities including commercial & corporate lending, trade businesses, Islamic, consumer, agriculture & investment banking, equity trading and treasury operations. The Bank is also engaged in the business of mutual funds and share brokerage, investment advisory and related services through its subsidiary companies, Askari Investment Management Limited and Askari Securities Limited. The Bank also offers branchless banking service under the brand name ‘Timepey’. A wide network of Timepey shops across Pakistan is fully equipped to handle day to day needs of the customers including; money transfer, bill payment and mobile top-up etc.

Frozen Fruits & Vegetables FFF (formerly Al-Hamd Foods Limited)

Construction work on the Individually Quick Freeze (IQF) Plant of Fauji Fresh n Freeze is progressing as per plan with scheduled inauguration during 2015.

Top 25 Companies KSE Awards

In 1991, the company was listed on Karachi and Lahore Stock Exchanges and in 1992 on Islamabad Stock Exchange when it was formed. Shares were offered to the public and company employees. In 1993/94 FFC achieved the distinction of paying the highest income tax in the country.

Based on the exemplary dividends to the shareholders and other criteria of Karachi Stock Exchange, FFC has consistently remained in the list of top 25 best performing companies of



Pakistan consecutively for 20 years since 1994. As a result of excellent performance over the years, the company's ranking in the Karachi Stock Exchange list of 25 companies improved from fifth position in 1995 to second in 1996, it was awarded the first position in 1997 and again second prize in 1998.

In addition to the above, FFC has been once again declared first amongst the Top 25 Listed Companies for the Year 2013 by Karachi Stock Exchange. It speaks of highest standards of professionalism and dedication making a unique blend of competence, experience and leadership.

Scope of Study

As an internee in FFC the main focus of my internship was on Marketing Department. I included all the concerned sections in which learned how to make different types of reports and I was given different responsibilities for certain durations. The area where I done my internship is marketing which consist of

Planning Distribution Warehousing Agri. Services ( Farm Advisory Services) Finance Administration Human Resources Information System Sales Promotion Procurement Regional Office Lahore North Zone

MARKETING OPERATIONS



Every company needs to manage its marketing activities effectively. Especially the company needs to know how to analyze the market opportunities, select appropriate target markets, segmenting the market in proper segments, establishing the effective marketing mix and manage the marketing efforts effectively. To fulfill these requirements, marketing department is established in almost all well-known organizations.

FFC Marketing Group

Marketing Group, established in July 1978, is responsible for the marketing operations of the Company including planning, sales, distribution, agri. services, field warehousing, finance and administration. With the commencement of commercial production in June 1982, the Company started marketing its urea under the brand name of "Sona". Gradually, besides Sona urea, the company commenced marketing of various imported nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassic fertilizers. The Marketing Group is undertaking its numerous marketing activities through country wide setup of three zones, fourteen sales regions, sixty six sales districts, a strong dealership network and extensive warehousing setup.

The Company is also marketing around 550kt of Sona urea granular and 670kt of Sona DAP manufactured by Fauji Fertilizer Bin Qasim. When FFC started its marketing operations, the other urea manufacturers namely Engro, Dawood Hercules and National Fertilizer Corporation were already well established in the market. Engro and Babber Sher urea were considered premium brands in Sindh and northern Punjab respectively. The brand competition coupled with a huge surplus of urea in the domestic market posed a great challenge to the Company from the very beginning of its operations. FFC endeavored and turned the challenge into an opportunity by capturing a distinctive market share of its product. The Company has since long successfully managed to make “Sona” the number one fertilizer brand of Pakistan.

During the period 1983 to 1986 when a large urea surplus existed in the country, FFC had the honor of being pioneer in the export of surplus urea which not only helped in stabilizing domestic urea market but also earned valuable foreign exchange for the country.

The Government of Pakistan deregulated the trade and prices of phosphatic fertilizers on 21 August 1993. Subsequently, FFC started import of various phosphatic fertilizers bringing about a



very positive and qualitative change in the phosphatic fertilizer business of the country. This was also very significant for promoting the balanced use of fertilizer. Farmers were thus provided with the quality product in standardized bags along with the guarantee of correct weight. Marketing Group now has the best expertise to handle the import and export of fertilizers.

FFC believes in selling a programmed rather than just a product. For this, the Company has adopted a customer oriented strategy, marketing its products backed by efficient and effective support services along with special emphasis on developing the market through practical and innovative farmer education. Thus, FFC is untiringly playing a very vital role in the agricultural development of Pakistan through provision of premium quality fertilizers besides, improving the livelihood of farming community.

FFC is providing premium quality fertilizer to the farming community in an environmentally sound manner. With an ever evolving network, the Group is currently spread over three zones, fourteen regions, and sixty six sales districts and over 3,700 dealers spread across Pakistan. Sona Urea sales by the Company were recorded at 2,371 thousand tons during the 2013, marginally down by 2% compared to last year, capturing combined FFC/FFBL urea market share of 46% as opposed to 45% last year. Marketing of imported DAP by FFC stood at 123 thousand tons which combined with sales of 709 thousand tons of Sona DAP on behalf of FFBL, resulted in aggregate FFC/FFBL DAP market share of 49% (Source: NFDC)

Marketing Network



Marketing Network



Meeting of Marketing Division

All heads of departments meet every Tuesday to

Present weekly reports to GMM Discuss sale situation Look competitors activities Monitor performance against monthly and annual plans Monitor fertilizers supply and demand situation Tries to devise strategies to overcome problems if any.

In every month a monthly meeting is held in which reports for a month of all departments are presented to GMM. In monthly meeting the targets and plans for next month are set. In these meeting monthly sales of FFC against the same period of last year and monthly sales of competitors are also analyzed. Sales of all regions are reviewed.

Sales performance of all sales officers are compared with targets. Best sales officer of the month is selected and rewarded. Expenses for the month are approved.

These meetings are presided over by GMM in Lahore Marketing Office. Annual meeting of all division is also held.

Introduction to all departments

Sales promotion and Advertisements

Number of Executives 3

Head of Department Mrs. Nabila

Senior SPO Mr. Imran Salamat

SPO Mr. Imran Shakeel

Number of staff 3

Total employees 6



Objectives

To create, augment and maintain demand of FFBL and FFC products To enhance and sustain brand image and corporate image Improve company visibility in mind of customers To safe guard company logo To strengthen brand loyalty

Sales (North Zone)

General Marketing Manager Mr. M Munir Malik

Senior Sales Manager Zia Mehmood Minhas

Total number of Management Employees (Lhr. Office) 4

Regional officers 5

Number of staff employees 3

Total regions

Lahore

Faisalabad

Sahiwal

Peshawar

D.I Khan

Functions

Conduction of sales forecast of regions included in NZ Monitoring sales allocation as per decided ratios Monitoring daily sales



Studying competitor price structure coordinating regions included in NZ Managing sales force of NZ Checking and inventory Coordinating with top management Ensuring availability and control of warehouses Monitoring of product Monitoring and keeping record of turnover of productivity

Regional Office (Lahore)

General Marketing Manager Mr. M Munir Malik

Senior sales manager Zia Mehmood Minhas

Regional Manager Mr. Arshad Mehmood

Sales Manager Mr. Hasnain Ali

Technical sales officer Mr. Imran Ali

Number of staff employees 3

The Regional Office Lahore Is front line Dept. it is actually involved with direct sales of fertilizer and interacting with dealers. The regional manager, Technical sales officer, sales officer lhr are working with assistance of stock members for three days Tuesday-Thursday the officers are in field visit and for rest of days they perform their office work. The districts in Lahore region include

Gujranwala

Sheikhupura

Mandi baha-ud-din

Rawalpindi

Sialkot



Hafizabad

Activities

Monitoring product wise/district wise achievements with respect to targets Monitoring current market situation with respect to fertilizer industry Monitoring competitors activities in detail Managing warehouse, their sales and closing stock Appointing and terminating dealers as regard to their performance, literate goals is to have a

strong dealer network

Distribution department

General Manager Marketing Mr. M Munir Malik

Senior Distribution and warehousing Manager Mr. Shakeel Ahmad

Senior Executive distribution Mr. Riaz Ahmad

Executive Distribution Mr. Afzal mugal

Distribution Officer Mr. Salman Ali

No. of Staff Employees 3

Distribution Department is major department helping the sales force. Primary function of Distribution dept. is to ensure effective and efficient distribution of product from plants to final customer.

Objectives of Distribution Department

Ship out entire production of FFC and FFBL plants and imported fertilizer in accost effective manner.

Satisfying 3800 dealers and 184 warehouses Plan and undertake self-exports/imports and ensure prompt handling, quality packing, correct

weight, timely delivery and arrange safe storage of surplus product during lean months. Follow up of product quality complaints Co-ordinate with plant management to ensure smooth operations Maintain liaison with Pak Railways, NLC, Port authorities and suppliers



Transportation arrangements

Private trucking contractions

NLC

Pakistan Railways

Warehousing


Senior Distribution and warehousing Manager Mr. Shakeel Ahmad

Warehousing manager Brig. Retd. Gulam Rasool Sahi

Senior executive warehousing Mr. Riaz Ahmad

Warehousing manager Mr. Ahsan khan

No. of staff employees 3

The warehousing department is involved in completing formality of hiring and dehiring warehouses (on need basis), appointment of handling contractors, watch and ward contractors. The record of inventories is mentioned and physical inspection of warehouse and product are carried out to ensure safety and security. This department works in collaboration with Distribution Department.

Functions of warehousing department

Coordinating of warehousing dept. with the regions regarding warehouse selection, training of supervisors, planning capacity of warehouse

Conduction of inspection of warehouses on planned and surprised bases

Each warehouse is inspected around 17 times a year

Warehousing department is considered with processing of

Lease agreements Watch and ward agreements



Handling agreement Watch and ward bills Conduct the training of warehouse supervisors Preparing the operational, capital and revenue budgets on yearly basis Formulating warehouse plans Preparing weekly capacity reports

Types of warehouses

Strategic warehouses Temporary warehouses Permanent warehouses Purely temporary warehouses

Administration Department


Administration manager Col Retd. Muhhammad Khalid

Administration executive Maj. Retd Khaani


Administration department is involved in conducting the administration function of fauji fertilizer company marketing division

Functions

Provision and maintenance of transport i.e. cars, jeeps and poor vehicles Ensure availability of utilities like gas, electricity, telephone, E-mail, and photocopy facility Undertake protocol duties like reception, transport and ticketing etc. for company officers and

guests Ensure the implementation of company policy and rules Provision of uniform to entitled staff (Qasids, chowkidars, electricians and drivers) Ensure proper maintenance of the office premises and guesthouses Take disciplinary actions under the rules where necessary



Disposal of unusable assets of the company

Managing three major types of transport system related to the marketing division;

Company maintained Company assisted cars/jeeps Pool transport

Human resource department


Administration manager Col Retd. Muhhammad Khalid

Senior executive HR Col Retd. Asad Sukhaira

HR Officer-I Mr. Qamar


The FFC Management, acknowledging the importance of human resources has always placed personnel management at the top of its priority list. The Human Resources Department, therefore, right from the inception of the Company has played a vital role in steering the Company through all its phases, operations and progress.

Functions

Work out with supervisor’s consultation with regional manager and arrange recruitment and transfer activities according to the head office instructions.

1. Maintain up to date personal records, statistics including leave records, relating to management and non-management employees.

2. Interpret company policy and provision of necessary ruling where required.

Handling cases relating to following subject

Appointment of non-management employees. Temporary/contract based/daily wages according to authorization.



Promotion of non-management employees Pay and allowances of non-management employees Leaves (annual, casual, special, sick) are managed for all employees Transfer claims of all employees House/rent allowances advances Also the house building loans

Procurement department


Administration Manager Col. Retd. Muhhammad Khalid

Senior executive procurement Col. Retd Ghyoor


Procurement department at marketing is responsible for purchases. Purchases for the following offices are made by the Lahore marketing division, 3 zonal offices, 14 regional offices, 5 farm advisory centers, finance and distribution offices at Goth Machi and MirPur Mathelo, distribution office at FFBL port and head office requirements.

Functions

Quality, economical and timely procurement of items/spares for marketing division and plants ensuring complete backup support/after sales services.

Price enquiry of different items to estimate the price so that the budgeted amount may be endorsed on the PR before initiation.

Disposal of obsolete/surplus/scrap material Continuous updating of reliable vendor list for both plants and marketing division.

Procedure involved in procurement steps

Raising of purchase request Approval of PR Request for quotation Bid opening



Comparative statement Placement of order Delivery receipt of goods Verification of bills against orders Final payment

IT Department


Administration manager Col Retd. Muhammad Khalid

Senior executive IT Mr. Shiraz

Information technology unit was properly setup in FFC Marketing division Lahore. IT unit is one of the most important departments working in marketing division Lahore. The unit has to play a leading role in order to all the departments to perform all their functions effectively and efficiently. It enables management to make timely decisions.

Objectives of IT unit

To meet the computing needs of all the departments of marketing division. To design and develop efficient, effective and user friendly information system. To provide the maintenance services and proper updating of all these systems. To properly cope with the security and ethical challenges related to information technology and

information systems To design proper feedback and control procedures towards achievements of its goals.

Systems developed by I.T unit

Sales accounting system General accounting system Order processing system Regional information system Sales promotion system Distribution management system Procurement system



Human resource system

Finance department

The finance department working at marketing division Lahore is responsible for all the sales collection either sale is made directly through plants or through warehouses. The finance department is divided into two sections

1. Sales accounting2. General accounting

Specific responsibilities of sales accounting

Maintenance of dealership records Processing and banking of sales and proceeds received from sales force for the sales of fertilizers Transfer of data to plants for shipment Transfer of funds to head office recording of invoice for sales ex-warehouse Receiving data from plants for direct sales Processing of bank guarantees for secured credit sales Monitoring of unsecured credit sales of Fauji sugar mills/forms Preparation of pricing and discount structure for fertilizer Receiving data from plants for warehouse shipment Recording of stock movement reports Overall reconciliation of stock movement with intimation of head office Follow up of receivables for sale through rail Recording of stocks received from FFBL for sale on their behalf Sending the information regarding dealers balance to field force for recovery of receivables on

various accounts

Specific responsibilities regarding general accounting

Payroll of permanent and temporary staff employees. Deduction of income tax from payroll and deposition in govt. treasury. Forwarding details of provident fund contribution of permanent employees to head office. Forwarding of L/C opening request to head office for import of fertilizer. Processing of export related documents.



Deduction of income tax from various supplies and deposits into govt. treasury. Maintenance of books of accounts including fixed assets, supplies, employees etc. Payment of telephone, electricity and medical bills. Payment in respect of bags and line of imported fertilizer. Clearing and forwarding charges in respect of import of fertilizer.

Planning department

The planning department is integral part of Fauji Fertilizer Company. Senior executive planning who is responsible to SMSM heads it. The department coordinates the activities of all other departments in the marketing division. Major responsibility of the department is collection of information about competitors and analyzing their strategies.

Function

Coordination and development of annual business plan. Provision of historical information to regions and senior sales managers for developing sales

forecast. Finalizing sales forecast with coordination related sales force. Preparation of fertilizer data book. Monitoring international fertilizer price trend. Preparing Pakistan industry urea market participation reports. Chairman’s report for BOD’s meetings containing analysis FFC’s performance. Preparation of fertilizer industry report. Reviewing FFC’s sales performance on quarterly basis. Develop plans for training of officers. Monthly analysis of FFC’s ex-plant road and rail freight analysis.

Farm Advisory Services

Fauji Fertilizer Company Limited has been providing Agricultural Advisory Services to the farming community throughout Pakistan since 1981, for increasing the agriculture production in general and the



farmers’ economic returns in particular. Our organization in pursuit of its national commitment and moral obligation maintains regular contact with farmers and Agricultural Institutions to ensure constant and efficient transfer of latest technology.

The company is providing quality farm advisory services all over the country through its 5 Farm Advisory Centers and 18 Regional Agri Services Officers. Farm Advisory Centers are located at Shahkot, Sahiwal, Bahawalpur, Multan and Sukkur. Each center has a team of four Agricultural Experts, providing multifarious advisory services through crop demonstrations, field days, farmer meetings, crop seminars and farm visits. All the centers are fully equipped with modern sophisticated computerized Soil & Water Testing Laboratories and high-tech extension equipment. Moreover, FFC has also established a micronutrient and plant tissue analysis laboratory at Farm Advisory Centre, Shahkot having Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and other analytical instruments. Soil Testing is a valuable tool to propagate appropriate and balanced use of chemical fertilizers and to identify soil problems. Soil/water samples are collected from farmers’ fields and analyzed in the laboratories. Fertilizer recommendations are developed on the basis of soil analysis and recommendation reports are delivered to the growers for proper and balanced fertilizer use. The soil/water testing and micronutrient analysis facility is offered free of cost. Besides these five farm advisory centers, we have 18 Agri Services Officers, spread all over the country and extending these services in their respective areas.

To further strengthen our advisory services and facilitate our farmers, we also publish crop, vegetable, orchard brochures, agro-grams, posters and pamphlets containing latest information regarding production technologies of crops, and orchards grown in Pakistan. For a stronger direct link and timely guidance of farmers, we publish a quarterly Urdu and Sindhi Newsletter “Zari Report” containing season specific information regarding crops, fruits, vegetables, improved agronomic practices and articles on agricultural issues. Following is the list of crop brochures available with us:

Wheat Brochure

Cotton Brochure

Sugarcane Brochure

Rice Brochure

Maize Brochure

Oil Seed Brochure



Potato Brochure

Vegetable Brochure

Mango Brochure

Citrus Brochure

Banana Brochure

Apple Brochure

Guava Brochure

Orchard Cultivation Brochure

Boron Brochure

Salt-affected Soils Brochure

To improve the fertilizer use efficiency and to obtain optimum crop yields, a “Fertilizer Guide Book” and “Fertilizer Recommendation Book” has also been published containing comprehensive information on various fertilizers available in Pakistan, their application methods and their economic use.

FFC has also adopted the pragmatic approach of telecasting crop documentaries on PTV before the onset of sowing season of major crops. In these documentaries all the components of crop production are covered with sufficient elaboration. Cotton, wheat, sugarcane and rice documentaries can be viewed in the Kashtkar Desk of FFC website www.ffc.com.pk

FFC encourages farmers to get registered on mailing list by sending a request in writing or through e-mail at the following addresses to receive copies of published material free of cost. SMS on current agriculture issues are also sent to farmers on the mailing list.

Agri Services Department

(Marketing Group)

Fauji Fertilizer Company LimitedLahore Trade Centre,


http://www.ffcsona.net.pk/


11-Shahrah-e-Aiwan-e-Tijarat, LahorePhones: 042 – 3636511936369137-40/ext 406, 407, 408Email: [email protected]

Farm Advisory Centre

Sahiwal

3 km from Bypass, Arifwala RoadSahiwalPhone: 040 – 5007015


Hassan Abdal

7 KM, Hassan Abdal – Abbott bad Road,Opposite AWC, Hassan AbdalPhone: 051-4590055


Multan

Near Ibn-e-Sena Hospital,Southern Bypass, Multan

Phone: 061 – 6353003


Bahawalpur

Near Al-Rehman Oil Mills, Opposite GulistanTextile Mills, KLP Road, BahawalpurPhone: 062-2870049


Sukkur

Opposite Motorway Police Station, National Highway, Karam Abad, Ditt. Khairpur. Phones: 0243– 771411


mailto:[email protected]


Company Analysis in Terms Of

Vertical Analysis (Common size statements)

Horizontal Analysis (indexed analysis)

Ratio Analysis Liquid ratios Coverage ratios Activity ratios Profitability ratios Market ratios

Du Pont analysis



Balance Sheet

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 2014 2013

EQUITY

Share Capital 12722 12722

Capital Reserve 160 160

Revenue Reserve 12788 12269

25670 25151

NON - CURRENT LIABILITIES

Long term borrowings 2500 4280

Deferred Taxation 4574 4078

7074 8358

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Trade and other payables 37904 21854

Interest and mark - up accrued 30 22

Short term borrowings 11603 7000

Current portion of long term borrowings 1780 1460

Taxation 2501 3984

53818 34320

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 86562 67829

ASSETS

NON - CURRENT ASSETS

Property, plant & equipment 20094 18444

Intangible assets 1611 1652



Long term investments 28135 20662

Long term Loans & advances 823 740

Long term deposits & prepayments 16 3

50679 41501

CURRENT ASSETS

Stores, spares and loose tools 3315 3245

Stock in trade 928 302

Trade debts 822 701

Loans and advances 1059 921

Deposits and prepayments 26 47

Other receivables 1072 790

Short term investments 27433 18960

Cash and bank balances 1174 1362

35829 26328

Total assets 86562 67829

Horizontal Analysis

Balance Sheet

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 20142014vs2013% 2013

EQUITY

Share Capital 12722 12722

Capital Reserve 160 160

Revenue Reserve 12788 4.23 12269

25670 2.06 25151


Long term borrowings 2500 -41.59 4280

Deferred Taxation 4574 12.16 4078

7074 -15.36 8358



CURRENT LIABILITIES

Trade and other payables 37904 73.44 21854

Interest and mark - up accrued 30 36.36 22

Short term borrowings 11603 65.76 7000

Current portion of long term borrowings 1780 21.92 1460

Taxation 2501 -37.22 3984

53818 56.81 34320

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 86562 27.62 67829

ASSETS


Property, plant & equipment 20094 8.95 18444

Intangible assets 1611 -2.48 1652

Long term investments 28135 36.17 20662

Long term Loans & advances 823 11.22 740

Long term deposits & prepayments 16 433.33 3

50679 22.12 41501

CURRENT ASSETS

Stores, spares and loose tools 3315 2.16 3245

Stock in trade 928 225.17 302

Trade debts 822 17.26 701

Loans and advances 1059 14.98 921

Deposits and prepayments 26 -44.68 47

Other receivables 1072 35.77 790

Short term investments 27433 44.69 18960

Cash and bank balances 1174 -13.8 1362

35829 36.29 26328

Total assets 86562 27.62 67829

Horizontal Analysis of Balance Sheet

There is an increase in cash and bank balance during 2013-2014, which is of 36.29% there is overall increase in Total assets. Total liabilities have increased by 27.62%which is due to increase in



stockholder’s equity increased by 46.3%.company is attracting more capital from investors in order to expand its operations.



VERTICAL ANALYSIS

Balance Sheet

2014 2013

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Rs. % Rs. %

EQUITY

Share Capital 12722 14.7 12722 18.76

Capital Reserve 160 0.18 160 0.24

Revenue Reserve 12788 14.77 12269 18.09

25670 29.66 25151 37.08


Long term borrowings 2500 2.89 4280 6.31

Deferred Taxation 4574 5.28 4078 6.01

7074 8.17 8358 12.32

CURRENT LIABILITIES

Trade and other payables 37904 43.79 21854 32.22

Interest and mark - up accrued 30 0.03 22 0.02

Short term borrowings 11603 13.4 7000 10.32Current portion of long term borrowings 1780 2.06 1460 2.15

Taxation 2501 2.89 3984 5.87

53818 62.17 34320 50.6

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 86562 100 67829 100

ASSETS


Property, plant & equipment 20094 23.21 18444 27.19

Intangible assets 1611 1.86 1652 2.44



Long term investments 28135 32.5 20662 30.46

Long term Loans & advances 823 0.95 740 1.09

Long term deposits & prepayments 16 0.02 3 0

50679 58.55 41501 61.19

CURRENT ASSETS

Stores, spares and loose tools 3315 3.83 3245 4.78

Stock in trade 928 1.13 302 0.45

Trade debts 822 0.95 701 1.03

Loans and advances 1059 1.22 921 1.36

Deposits and prepayments 26 0.03 47 0.07

Other receivables 1072 1.24 790 1.16

Short term investments 27433 31.69 18960 27.95

Cash and bank balances 1174 1.96 1362 2.01

35829 41.45 26328 38.82

Total assets 86562 100 67829 100

Vertical analysis of balance sheet

Vertical analysis shows that there is a decrease in the capital from year 2013 to 2014 which is 18.76 to 14.70; this significant increase shows that people are willing to invest in the business of the company.

There is also decrease in the reserves of the company due to which the worth of the company has been decreased.

Some of the current liabilities of the company are increasing with the minor fractions but some of the current liabilities (trade payables, short term borrowings ) showing a little bit higher increase ,which means these liabilities are increasing, but are backing up the short term investments and some of the other current assets.

There is an overall decrease in the assets of the company in 2014 as compared to2013, including fixed and current assets, but some of the current & fixed assets are also increasing at the same time. But the company is using its assets productively in its operations

Profit & Loss Account Rs. In million



2014 14 vs. 13 2013Rs. % Rs.

Sales 81240 9.07 74481Cost of Sales 50137 25.5 39949Gross Profit 31103 -9.93 34532Distribution Cost 6431 4.28 6167

24672 -13.02 28365Finance cost 849 12.3 756Other expenses 2303 -9.97 2558

21520 -14.1 25051Other Incomes 4721 8.08 4368Net Profit before Taxation 26241 -10.8 29419Provision for taxation 8070 -13.08 9284Net Profit after taxation 18171 -9.75 20135

Horizontal analysis of Income Statement:

During 2013-2014 there is a significant increase in cost of goods sold by 25.50%.Financial charges have been increased by 12% which is bad sign for the company and it is due to decrease in the equity financing. Net profit decreased by9.75

Profit & Loss AccountRs. In million



2014 2013Rs. % Rs. %

Sales 81240 100 74481 100Cost of Sales 50137 61.71 39949 53.64Gross Profit 31103 38.29 34532 46.36Distribution Cost 6431 7.29 6167 8.28

24672 30.37 28365 38.08Finance cost 849 1.5 756 1.02Other expenses 2303 2.83 2558 3.43

21520 26.49 25051 33.63Other Incomes 4721 5.81 4368 5.86Net Profit before Taxation 26241 32.3 29419 39.5Provision for taxation 8070 9.93 9284 12.46Net Profit after taxation 18171 22.37 20135 27.03

Vertical analysis of income statement:

There is a very slight increase in the sales but as compared to that increase there is a huge increase in the cost of goods sold, due to which decrease in the gross profit, at the same time increase in the other incomes and increase in the operating & financial costs leading to a huge decrease in the profits of the company.

Ratio analysis

Profitability Ratios

Rise in cost of sales owing to increased raw material cost and GIDC resulted in a reduction in gross and net profit margins for 2014, depicting a decrease of 8% and 5% respectively from last year. Consequently, return on equity (post tax) and capital employed were also lower by 9% and 4% respectively in comparison with 2013. Excluding exceptional performances in 2011 and 2012, profitability ratios of the Company were in concurrence with overall performance during the 6 years.



Operating performance / Liquidity

Current ratio for 2014 depicted a minimal decrease of 0.10 times as compared with 2013 due to increase in trade creditors, while ‘cash to current liabilities’ and ‘cash flow from operations / sales’ witnessed an increase of 0.04 times and 0.06 times respectively (excluding 2011 & 2012) over the historic average of 6 years.

Activity / Turnover ratios

Inventory turnover days were in line with past trends at 2 days, while debtor turnover days improved in comparison with last year and were consistent with the historic average of 3 days over the past 6 years (excluding 2011 & 2012). Number of days in payables stood at 124 days due to non-payment of GIDC under various Court decisions, however, number of days without considering GIDC payable remained at 3 days against average of 6 days over last six years. Total asset turnover ratio recorded at 0.94 times was in line with the historical 6 year average of the Company but recorded a decrease of 0.16 times as compared with 2013.

Investment / Market ratios

As a result of decline in profits, the Company’s earnings per share were recorded at Rs. 14.28 per share. Price to earnings ratio however improved by 1.13 times as compared to 2013 as the market price of Company’s share rose from Rs. 111.96 at the close of 2013 to Rs. 117.11 for the year ended December 31, 2014. Dividend payout ratio for 2014 was recorded at 95.57% against an average of 97% for the 6 years, to maintain a steady stream of income for the shareholders. Consequently, the Company recorded a total cash dividend per share of Rs. 13.65 for the year.

Capital Structure Ratios

Financial leverage ratio of 0.62 times for 2014 is consistent with the average for the past 6 years. Debt to equity ratio improved to 9:91 indicating the lowest amount of long term debt in the last 6 years.



Company’s interest cover ratio doubled to 32 times in comparison with 15 times in 2009 as a result of lower finance cost to profitability ratio.

DuPont Analysis

Net profit margin of the Company decreased to 22% during the year as compared to 27% in 2013 as a result of increase in raw material cost and GIDC. Asset turnover and ownership ratio reduced to 0.94 and 9.6% respectively in 2014 owing to an increase in the asset base of the Company, primarily on account of an increase in long term investments. Consequently, the Company reported a return on equity of 71% in 2014 compared to 80% last year.



Marketing Mix

Major components of marketing mix are;

1. Product2. Price3. Place4. Promotion

Product

Sona Urea

Sona Urea is the most concentrated solid, straight nitrogenous and most widely used fertilizer in the country. Mostly it is manufactured in the form of prills, but FFC is producing in prilled as well as granular forms. Prilled and granular fertilizers are white in color, free flowing, readily soluble in water and both contain 46% Nitrogen. Because of its high solubility, it is suitable for solution fertilizers and foliar application. Urea is the best suited to our soils because some of the salient physical and chemical characteristics of Sona Urea Prilled and Granular are below.

Description Actual Status



Prilled Granular

Physical Condition Free Flowing Prills Free Flowing Granules

Nitrogen (%) 46 46

Moisture (%) < 0.30 < 0.30

Biuret (%) 0.80 ~ 0.87 0.80 ~ 0.87

Fines (%) < 1.0 Dust Free

AV Prill Size (mm) 1.82 ~ 2.0 2.0 ~ 5.0

DAP

Sona DAP is the most concentrated phosphatic fertilizer containing 46% P2O5 and 18% Nitrogen. From nutrients' concentration point of view, it has got the highest quantity of total nutrients in a 50 KG bag i.e. 32 KG of nutrients / bag. The highest concentration of plant nutrients in a bag helps saving costs of transportation, handling, storage and application. It is the widely used phosphatic fertilizer in the world as well as Pakistan. The solubility of DAP is more than 95%, which is highest among the phosphatic fertilizers available in the country. Due to high solubility it can also be used through fertigation as well as by foliar application. Its nitrogen to phosphoris ratio (1: 2.5) makes it an ideal fertilizer for Basal application to meet the initial requirement of most of the crops. Having an ultimate acidic effect on the soil, it is well suited for our alkaline soils. Its salient characteristics are listed below:



Description Actual Status

Nitrogen (%) 18

P2O5 (%) 46

Crushing Strength (Kg) 6

Size (mm) 2 ~ 4

Moisture (%) < 0.7

FFC SOP



This fertilizer is an important source of Potash, which is a quality nutrient for production of crops especially fruits and vegetables. Potash is an important nutrient for activation of enzymes in the plant body and helps increasing sugar and starch contents. Potash improves the resistance of the plants against pests, diseases and stresses like water / frost injury etc. FFC SOP contains 50% K20 in addition to 18% sulfur, which is also an important nutrient especially for oil seed crops and it also has an ameliorating effect on salt-affected soils. As readily soluble in water so it can be used through fertigation as well as foliar application. SOP is well suited fertilizer for all types of crops and soil. Use of potassic fertilizer in Pakistan is minimal, which needs to be promoted for qualitative as well as quantitative crop production.

SONA BORON

Sona Boron is a crystalline fertilizer in the form of Sodium Tetra Borate Dec hydrate in 3 Kg packing. It is an essential micronutrient required for plant nutrition, which pays a vital role in a number of growth processes especially new cell development, pollination, fruit/seed setting, translocation of sugars, starches, nitrogen and phosphorous, nodule formation in legumes and regulation of carbohydrate



metabolism. Boron deficiency results in curled leaves, cracking and rotting of fruits, tubers or roots. Keeping in view increasing boron deficiency in Pakistani soils FFCL is providing superior quality Sona Boron containing 11.3% Boron (Borax). It is easily soluble in water and readily available to plants. It can be used as mixture with other fertilizers.

Price

Sona Urea (P) Rs. 1790

Sona Urea (G) Rs. 1800

Sona DAP Rs. 3700

Sona SOP Rs. 5200

Sona Boron Rs. 700

Placement

The product is distributed directly from the plants. There is a great demand for fertilizer in the country and the company is having orders in advance. But to make the whole system very smooth, company is having well-structured distribution department which coordinates with the carriers both with the companies and the individuals. Because fertilizer is required in all parts of the country and FFC being a national firm take it as obligation that its product is distributed throughout the country. The company also ensures that prices of its products do not vary in any part of country because of transportation cost for this company gives some discount to those dealers who are far-flung areas.

The distribution department makes contract with the private contractors to accomplish the task. The contractors are responsible for any loss of the product on the way. The management also pay surprise visit at dealer’s shops to ensure that the quantity in the bags, quality and the price are same as suggested by the company policy.



Distribution Department is major department helping the sales force. Primary function of Distribution dept. is to ensure effective and efficient distribution of product from plants to final customer.

Objectives of Distribution Department

Ship out entire production of FFC and FFBL plants and imported fertilizer in accost effective manner.

Satisfying 3800 dealers and 184 warehouses Plan and undertake self-exports/imports and ensure prompt handling, quality packing, correct

weight, timely delivery and arrange safe storage of surplus product during lean months. Follow up of product quality complaints Co-ordinate with plant management to ensure smooth operations Maintain liaison with Pak Railways, NLC, Port authorities and suppliers

Transportation arrangements

Private trucking contractions NLC Pakistan Railways

Promotion

Promotion is backbone of successful marketing network. But in fertilizer industry in Pakistan companies need a little promotion to achieve its objectives. And the reason is that demand is greater than supply. But FFC does it for many reasons; one of them is to protect its brand name, which is SONA. Actually the company wants that whenever a farmer in the country thinks to use fertilizer the only name that should come in his mind should be SONA.

Fertilizer industry is different from FMCG’s. In fertilizer industry, the users mainly residing in rural areas, so many problems including media and education level arises. FFC in spite all these hurdles take all the options to promote their product. As a matter of fact, FFC is using different mediums to promote its product. Especially promotion becomes crucial when company needs to introduce a new product.



FFC has a sales promotion department which is working under marketing service department, is responsible for all the promotional activities. The department is using various ways to promote the product. These are;

Different Medias used at FFC for promotion

Television Radio Print media Road side Point of purchase

Electronic Media

PTV PTV (world) KTN (sindi language) Geo Indus T.V A.R.Y Digital

Campaigns

Kharif campaign Rabi campaign

Radio

National radio channel Ad duration 10-60 seconds All around the year

CCTV

Islamabad airport Lahore airport



Faisalabad airport Lahore railway station Multan railway station Hyderabad railway station Faisalabad railway station Daewoo coaches Daewoo lounges

Print Media

National daily’s Regional newspapers International magazines National magazines Regional cultural magazines Ad size 108 pcm

Road side Advertisements

Jumbo hoardings Bill boards Warehouse boards Dealers shops boards Plastic whole signs

Point of purchase

Crop posters Corporate posters Crop booklets Zari reports Agro grams Buntings

MARKETING STRATEGY



Marketing strategy is the practical application of marketing techniques. It is the analysis, planning, implementation, and control of programs designed to create, build, and maintain mutually beneficial exchanges with target market. The marketing manager has the task of influencing the level, timing, and composition of demand in way that will achieve organizational objectives

Marketing Strategy of Fauji Fertilizer Company Fauji Fertilizer Company has major marketing strategy that involves.

• Identifying the market style and market trend.• Identifying the customer trend and style.• Identifying the customer needs and demands.• Identify the segments within your market.• Understand company's strengths and weaknesses.• Implementation of 4p's price place product promotions.• Understand where you want your brands to be in the future, and write marketing plan on regular basis to help you get there.• Internal service quality of customer satisfaction.

PEST Analysis of FFC

Political Instability:

The political situation of Pakistan is not satisfactory. Due to the rapid change in the Government every government sets its own new trade policies. Govt. should apply sustainable policies for the beneficial of the exporters as well as the investors.

Economic situation:

The economic condition of Pakistan can also affect the foreign investors increasing inflation rate make the cost of production high and thus reduce the profit margin of the investor.

Social situation:



The change in the lifestyle of the people affects the growing demand of the FFC products. The change in the lifestyle and needs in different demographics also affect the demand of the customers. Due to all these changes FFC is performing excellent for the excellence organization as well as for the customer.

Technological factor:

Technological advancement in all the sectors of the country has changed the entire socio-economic environment. Especially in the fertilizer sector there is a lot of technological development. High technology is the basic requirement of FERTILIZER industry. The companies that are using latest technology have some cost benefits over the companies, which are not using high technology. The key to survival for companies in this industry is using high technology for quality and cost purposes.

SWOT Analysis

Strengths

Solid financial position State of the art production facilities Fertilizer products are high in demand by agriculture sector Development of new and eco-friendly formulations Competent & committed human resource Well diversified investment portfolio Brand preference Well established distribution network Technical Competence

Weaknesses

Mature industry with clogged overall market share Reliance on depleting natural resource Fixed customer base Narrow product line



Opportunities

Horizontal as well as vertical diversification Increase in product line covering Macro and Micro nutrients Less potential for new entrants in the industry Absence of substitute products Opportunity to export fertilizer

Threats

Inconsistent Government policies for fertilizer industry Depleting natural gas reserves & gas curtailment Excessive fertilizer imports by the Govt. and marketing at subsidized rates Continuous increase in raw material/fuel prices and levies (GIDC) Declining international fertilizer prices

Future Prospects

Fauji Fertilizer Co., Pakistan’s biggest maker of the farm input by market value, plans to set up a

plant in Africa as domestic gas shortages undermine profits and prospects of increasing output at

home. The company has formed a consortium with foreign companies to invest at least $1.25

billion. Fauji, which has yet to complete the selection of the site for the facility, plans to start

building it in 18 to 24 months. FFC is planning its first overseas venture as the company run by a

group of retired army officers braces for its second annual drop in profit in three years in 2014.

Pakistan’s gas shortfall has widened to more than 2 billion cubic feet of gas a day, shutting

factories and resulting in protests in the nation of more than 196 million people.

The company’s net income is set to fall this year to its lowest in four years and may also decline

in 2015 before stabilizing. Net income fell 3 percent to 20.1 billion rupees in 2013. In the long



term, say eight to 10 years from now, unless there are new finds in gas, the fertilizer industry will

be hit hard.

Fauji Fertilizer may also invest $400 million in setting up coal-fired electricity generating plant

or expanding in wind power. The company set up Pakistan’s first wind power project in the

southern Sindh province in 2013.Pakistan’s demand for electricity outpaces supply by 6,000

megawatts a day during the peak summer season.

Conclusion and recommendations

Conclusion

FFC views excellence as FFC is the market leader in the fertilizer having 60% of the market

share. Company being the market leader sets standards for the industry. The company continues

to enhance the facility of providing farmers free farm advisory services through farm advisory

centers. FFC is using a single brand name SONA for its products like SONA urea, SONA DAP

helping farmers to remember the name. FFC is only Fertilizers Company in the industry

conducting seminars on core agricultural issues, inviting local and foreign luminaries. Company

is fully automated having the extensive information systems for the plant site as well as the

marketing division, countrywide location of plants.

Recommendations

FFC should keep following the quality principles. These principles have served it well. They have made the company that it is today. It is recommended that FFC should use its position as a market leader in the fertilizer sector and expand its operations in other countries as well.



Neighboring countries like Afghanistan and Iran are ideal for this type of expansion. FFC is also advised to maintain its quality because in a situation like this it is very easy for a company to get complacent and start neglecting the quality of its products. The company is also advised to start working hard because Engro is gaining the market share quickly and if FFC does not do something about it then very soon FFC will have to relinquish its status as a market leader.

REFERENCES AND SOURCES USED• Company’s Newsletter• Organization marketing department• Organization Annual Report• Company planner


inernship report on fauji fertilizer company

Documents

assignments of internship

primary data

week internship program

relevant data

collection of data

retiredchief executive

relevant information

different students