indoor environment
DESCRIPTION
City and Town Planning officers training, Dr. MCR HRD, IAP, Andhra Pradesh, Ppt by Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar ReddyTRANSCRIPT
Indoor Environmental Indoor Environmental quality quality of Green Buildingof Green Building
GreenGreen--Building Strategies Building Strategies for the for the Mitigation of Climate Mitigation of Climate ChangeChange
0808--1111--2011 to 2011 to 1010--1111--20112011CCCEA, DrCCCEA, Dr.. MCRMCR Human Resource Human Resource
Development Institute of APDevelopment Institute of AP
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy
Chief Executive Officer [CEO], GEOECOLOGY ENERGY ORGANISATION [GEO]
http://e-geo.org
Indoor environmentIndoor environment
Building indoor environment covers the environmental aspects in the design, analysis, and operation of energy-efficient, healthy, and comfortable buildings. Fields of specialization include
architecture, HVAC design,thermal comfort,
indoor air quality (IAQ),
lighting, acoustics, control systems
Environmental Condition(s)
Symptoms
• Ergonomic Conditions • Headache
• Noise and Vibration • Fatigue
• Poor Concentration
• Dizziness
• Tiredness
• Headache with nausea
• Ringing in ears
• Pounding heart
• Relative Humidity • Dry throat
• Shortness of breath or bronchial asthma
• Irritation and infection of respiratory tract
• Relative Humidity • Nasal problems (stuffiness, irritation)
• High Temperatures
• Warm Air • Skin problems (dryness, irritation, rashes)
• Low Relative Humidity
• Excessive Air Movement
INDOOR AIR
CONCERNS
Most people spend at least half of their lives indoors.
Indoor air can be more harmful than outdoor
air.
Poor indoor air quality can
cause respiratory problems.
Poor indoor air quality can be more harmful for children .
Indoor air pollution is the presence of one or more contaminants indoors that carry a certain degree of human health risk. Indoor air issues may be traced to the beginning of civilization. Prehistoric records note the problem of smoke in caves.
Field studies of human exposure to air pollutants indicate that indoor air levels of many pollutants may be two to five times, and on occasion more than one hundred times, higher than outdoor levels.
Sources of Indoor PollutantsSources of Indoor Pollutants
Based on Specific Building
Combustion activity
Furniture Chemical
Building materials
Food Water
Smoking activity
Outdoor air pollution
Sick building syndromeSick building syndrome
Condition associated with complaints of discomfortincluding headache; nausea; dizziness; dermatitis; eye, nose, throat, and respiratory irritation; coughing; difficulty concentrating; sensitivity to odors; muscle pain; and fatigue.
Cause of SBSCause of SBS
Inadequate ventilation 52%
Contamination from inside
building 16%
Contamination from outside building 10%
Microbial contamination 5%
Contamination from building fabric 4%
Unknown sources 13%
Thermal ComfortThermal Comfort
Personal factors (health,
psychology, sociology &
situational factors)
Air temperature Mean radiant temperature
Air movement / velocity (see wind
chill factor)
Relative humidity (see also
perspiration) Insulative clothing
Activity levels.
GRIHAGRIHA
Natural Lighting
Heat
insufficient fresh outdoor air entering a ventilation system are often the direct result of overzealous
energy-saving procedures.
AcousticsAcoustics
Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including vibration, sound, ultrasound andinfrasound. A scientist who works in the field of acoustics is an acoustician while someone working in the field of acoustics technology may be called an acoustical engineer. The application of acoustics can be seen in almost all aspects of modern society with the most obvious being the audio and noise control industries.
How to Control/ EliminateHow to Control/ EliminateIndoor Air PollutantsIndoor Air Pollutants
Don’t Smoke inside the home.
Pay attention to housekeeping.
Check combustion appliances.
Test your home for Radon
Control/ eliminate excess
moisture
•Improve home ventilation
Have furnace, flues,
chimney inspected and
cleaned
Never run your car inside an attached garage
Never use unvented space
heaters/ gas logs
Install a carbon
monoxide detector
in your home
Repair leaks and drips
Check to be sure clothes dryer vented to outside
Move water from gutters and downspouts away from house
Use ventilating fan in kitchen and bathroom
No water in crawl space
Control Moisture In and Around the HomeControl Moisture In and Around the Home
Mouldsare fungi that grow in the form of multicellular filaments called hyphae.
HIGH INFLAMMATORY HIGH INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORSMEDIATORS
FOUND IN NASAL FLUIDS OF PERSONS IN DAMP BUILDINGS
MITES, BACTERIA, MOLDS, ENDOTOXINS ALL CONTRIBUTE
MINIMIZED BY HUMIDITY & MOISTURE CONTROL IN BUILDINGS
Radon
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADONINDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADON
� In 1990 EPA placed indoor air pollution at the top of the list of 18 sources of cancer risk
� Indoor pollution is rated by risk analysis scientists as high-risk health problem for humans
� Radon is one of the three most dangerous indoor air pollutants, along with cigarette smoke and formaldehyde
� Radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer, after smoking
� Nearly 1 in 15 homes in the U.S. has high level of indoor radon
� Homes with high radon level can be fixed
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADONINDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADON
A. Cracks in concrete slabs
B. Spaces behind brick walls
C. Pores and cracks in concrete blocks
D. Floor wall joints
E. Exposed soil as in a sump
F. Weeping tile, if drained to open sump
G. Mortar joints
H. Loose fitting pipe penetrations
I. Open tops of block walls
J. Building materials such as
some rocks
K. Water, from some wells
INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADONINDOOR AIR POLLUTION: RADON
Radon Resistant-Construction Techniques
A. Gas Permeable Layer
B. Plastic Sheeting
C. Sealing and Caulking
D. Vent Pipe
E. Junction Box
Other radon reduction techniques include sealing, home/room pressurization, heat recovery ventilation and natural ventilation.