indian defence forces crux - studyiq.net
TRANSCRIPT
Indian Defence Forces CRUX Indian Defence Forces by Dr. Gaurav
Garg
Indian Armed Forces Army, Navy and Air Force. These come under the Defence Ministry. Head will never be a civilian IPS officer, Appointment of Admiral, General, etc will be done by the Defence Ministry.
Centrally Armed Police Forces Assam Rifles (AR), Border Security Force (BSF), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Central Reserve Police
Force (CRPF), Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National Security Guard (NSG) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB). These forces come under the Home Ministry. Head of these Forces (Director General) will always be an IPS officer.
Defence Ministry After independence, the Ministry of Defence was created under the charge of a Cabinet Minister and each Service was
placed under its own Commander-in-Chief. In 1955, the Commanders-in-Chief were renamed as the Chief of the Army Staff, the Chief of the Naval Staff and the
Chief of the Air Staff. In November 1962, the Department of Defence Production was set up to deal with research, development and
production of defence equipment. In November, 1965, the Department of Defence Supplies was created for planning and execution of schemes for
import substitution of defence requirements. These two Departments were later merged to form the Department of Defence Production and Supplies. In 2004, the name of Department of Defence Production and Supplies was changed to Department of Defence Production.
In 1980, the Department of Defence Research and Development was created. In 2004, the Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare was created.
Departments under Defence Ministry - Department of Defence (DOD) Department of Defence Production (DDP) Department of Ex Servicemen Welfare (DESW) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Department of Military Affairs (DMA)
The Department of Defence The Department of Defence is mandated with Defence of India including defence policy. It deals with Inter-Services Organizations, Defence Accounts Department, Coast Guard, National Cadet Corps, Border
Roads Organisation, Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis, National Defence College etc. It is responsible for the Defence Budget, defence lands and cantonments, matters relating to Parliament, and defence
cooperation with foreign countries.
The Department of Defence Production The Department of Defence Production is headed by a Secretary. It deals with matters pertaining to defence production, indigenisation of imported stores, equipment and spares,
planning and control of departmental production units of the Ordnance Factory Board and Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs).
The Department of Defence Research and Development The Department of Defence Research and Development is headed by a Secretary. Its function is to advise the Government on scientific aspects of military equipment and logistics and the formulation
of research, design and development plans for equipment required by the Services.
The Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare The Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare is headed by a Secretary and deals with all resettlement, welfare and
pensionary matters of Ex-Servicemen.
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The Department of Military Affairs Department of Military Affairs is formed on 1 st January 2020 It is headed by - Chief of Defence Staff (CDS). It is a 4 star rank officer post. Department of Military Affairs (DMA) is the department in charge of military matters within the Indian Ministry of
Defence. This Department deals with the Armed Forces of the Union namely, Army, Navy and Air Force; Integrated
Headquarters of the Ministry of Defence; the Territorial Army; Works relating to the three services etc. The Department promotes jointness among the three Services.
Public Sector Undertakings under Ministry of Defence
Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) - Bengaluru Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL) - Bengaluru Bharat Earth Movers Ltd. (BEML) - Bengaluru Bharat Dynamics Ltd. (BDL) - Hyderabad Mazagaon Docks Ltd. (MDL) - Mumbai Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. (GRSE) - Kolkata Goa Shipyards Ltd. (GSL) - Goa Hindustan Shipyards Ltd. (HSL) - Visakhapatnam Mishra Dhatu Nigam Ltd. (MIDHANI) - Hyderabad Vignyan Industries Ltd. (subsidiary of BEML) - Tarikere, Chikmagalur (Karnataka)
Indian Navy The Indian Navy is the naval branch of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Navy. The Chief of Naval Staff, a four-star admiral , commands the navy. In 1793, the British East India Company established its rule over eastern part of the Indian subcontinent i.e. Bengal,
but it was not until 1830 that the colonial navy was titled as His Majesty's Indian Navy. When India became a republic in 1950, the Royal Indian Navy as it had been named since 1934 was renamed to Indian
Navy. The primary objective of the navy is to safeguard the nation's maritime borders, and in conjunction with other Armed
Forces of the union, act to deter or defeat any threats or aggression against the territory, people or maritime interests of India, both in war and peace.
Through joint exercises, goodwill visits and humanitarian missions, including disaster relief, Indian Navy promotes bilateral relations between nations.
Indian Navy vs Indian Coast Guard
The mission of the Indian Navy is to maintain, train, and equip combat-ready naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression and maintaining freedom of the seas whereas Indian Coast Guards are for law enforcement, search and rescue in the sea.
Indian navy provides safety to Indian ships and ports from any threats from enemies whereas Indian Coast Guards look into the matter of illegal activities that might take place in the sea like smuggling etc.
Navy Day in India is celebrated on 4 December every year to recognize the achievements and role
of the Indian Navy to the country. 4 December was chosen as on that day in 1971, during Operation Trident, the Indian Navy sank four Pakistani vessels including PNS Khaibar, killing hundreds of Pakistani Navy personnel.
The submarine day is celebrated on the 08 th Dec every year to mark the birth of the Indian Navy's Submarine Arm with the commissioning of its first submarine, erstwhile INS Kalvari on 08 Dec 1967.
Motto - (Sanskrit), Sha No Varuna , 'May the Lord of Water be auspicious unto us’ Recruitment: Indian Navy – An Ocean of Opportunities.
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** Theatre Command - Port Blair (Andaman & Nicobar) - It is common for all 3 (Army, Navy, Air Force).
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Station Commands Headed by Command Authorities & Units
Mumbai Western Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, WNC Units of WNC
Visakhapatnam Eastern Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, ENC Units of ENC
Kochi Southern Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, SNC Units of SNC
Field marshal is a five–star general officer rank and the highest attainable rank in the Indian Army. Field marshal is ranked immediately above general, but not exercised in the regular army structure. It is a largely ceremonial or wartime rank , having been awarded only twice. Sam Manekshaw was the first field marshal of India, and was conferred the rank on 1 January 1973. The second was K
M Cariappa, who was conferred the rank on 15 January 1986. Field marshal is equivalent to an admiral of the fleet in the Indian Navy and a Marshal of the Indian Air Force in the
Indian Air Force. In the navy, admiral of the fleet has never been awarded, but from the air force, Arjan Singh was promoted to the
marshal of the air force.
Indian Navy has approximately 70,000 active and 60,000 reserve personnel in service. 1 aircraft carrier – INS Vikramaditya (Purchased from Russia). INS Vikrant , is an aircraft carrier being constructed by Cochin Shipyard in Kochi, Kerala for the Indian Navy. It is the
first aircraft carrier to be built in India. INS Vishal , also known as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 2 (IAC-2), is a planned aircraft carrier to be built by Cochin
Shipyard Limited for the Indian Navy. It is being built with the help of United Kingdom. (INS Vikrant originally HMS Hermes of the United Kingdom was the first aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy. She was
decommissioned in 1997 and sold for ship-breaking in 2014).
Indian Navy Training Establishments Indian Naval Academy - Ezhimala (Kerala) INS Chilka - Khurda (Odisha) INS Shivaji - Lonavala (Maharashtra) INS Valsura - Jamnagar (Gujarat) INS Hamla - Mumbai
INS Kunjali - Mumbai INS Agrani - Coimbatore INS Garuda - Kochi (Kerala) INS Dronacharya - Kochi (Kerala)
Indian Army The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army and its professional head is the Chief of Army
Staff (COAS), who is a four-star general. Two officers have been conferred with the rank of field marshal, a five-star rank, which is a ceremonial position of
great honour. Sam Manekshaw, K M Cariappa. The Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India Company, which eventually became the British Indian
Army, and the armies of the princely states, which were merged into the national army after independence. The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure national security and national unity, to defend the nation from
external aggression and internal threats, and to maintain peace and security within its borders. It conducts humanitarian rescue operations during natural calamities and other disturbances. The army has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan (1947,1965,1971,1999) and one with China (1962). Other major operations undertaken by the army include Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot (Siachen) , and
Operation Cactus (Maldives).
VARUNA French Navy 1983 SLINEX Sri Lanka Navy 2012
KONKAN Royal Navy 2004 Naseem-Al-Bahr Oman Navy 1993
INDRA Russian Navy 2003 AUSINDEX Australian Navy 2015
MALABAR US Navy, JMSDF (Japan) 1992 JIMEX JMSDF 2012
SIMBEX Singapore Navy 1994 ZA’IR-Al-Bahr Qatari Navy 2019
IBSAMAR Brazilian Navy, South African Navy 2008 SAMUDRA SHAKTI Indonesian Navy 2018
SITMEX Singapore Navy, Thai Navy 2019 BONGOSAGAR Bangladesh Navy 2019
The army has conducted large peace time exercises and it has also been an active participant in numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions, including those in Cyprus, Lebanon, Congo, Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam, Namibia, El Salvador, Liberia, Mozambique, South Sudan, and Somalia.
The Indian Army is operationally and geographically divided into seven commands Western Command - HQ Chandimandir (Combat) Eastern Command - HQ Kolkata (Combat) Northern Command - HQ Udhampur (Combat) Southern Command - HQ Pune (Combat) Central Command – HQ Lucknow (Combat) Army Training Command - HQ Shimla (Training) South-Western Command - HQ Jaipur (Training) The Army has approximately 13 lakh active troops and 10 lakh reserve troops.
In any command army is organized in 7 parts whose details are given below: 1. Section: The smallest unit of the army is called "section", it contains 10-12 soldiers. 2. Platoon: It consists of 4 sections. 3. Company: It consists of 4 platoons. Its Chief is called the company commander. 4. Battalion: Its Chief is called Colonel. 5. Brigade: Its Chief is called Brigadier. 6. Division: Its Chief is called Major General. 7. Corps: Its Chief is called Lieutenant General.
Motto - (Sanskrit), "Sewa Paramo Dharma".
Important Training institutes of Indian Army National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla, Pune Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune Indian Military Academy, Dehradun Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Leh College of Military Engineering (CME), Pune National Defence University - Gurgaon, Haryana Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Pune Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses - New Delhi. It is now named after Manohar Parrikar Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare (CIJW) School, Vairengte, Mizoram. High Altitude Warfare School - Gulmarg, Jammu and Kashmir.
List of exercises of the Indian Army Yudh Abhyas – USA Nomadic Elephant – Mongolia Indra – Russia Hand in Hand – China Maitree – Thailand Ekuverin - Maldives Surya Kiran - Nepal Ajeya Warrior - United Kingdom Shakti - France Sampriti - Bangladesh
Bold Kurukshetra - Singapore Prabal Dostyk - Kazakhstan Garud Shakti - Indonesia Nomadic Elephant - Mongolia Al Nagah-Ii - Oman Harimau Shakti - Malaysia Dharma Guardian - Japan Khanjar - Kyrgyzstan Lamitye - Seychelles
Common places where exercises take place of Indian Army Aundh Military station, Pune Umroi, Meghalaya Babina Military station, Jhansi Vairengte, Mizoram
Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh Mahajan firing range, Bikaner, Rajasthan Chaubatia, Almora, Uttarakhand Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
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Important Days celebrated by Indian Army Army Day (January15) - This day commemorates KM Cariappa taking over as the first Commander-in-chief of the
Indian Army from General Francis Butcher, in 1949. Armed Forces Flag Day (December 7) - Celebrated on this date annually since 1949, the day is dedicated to collection
of funds from the people of India for the welfare of the personnel of the Indian Armed Forces. Armed Forces Veterans Day (January 14) - Observed each year ever since 2017 on 14th January as a mark of respect
and recognition of the services rendered by Field Marshal KM Cariappa OBE – the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces who retired on 14 Jan 1953.
Kargil Vijay Diwas is observed in India on the 26th of July. On this date in 1999 India successfully took command of the high outposts.
Vijay Diwas (December 16) : On this day in 1971, the India-Pakistan war came to an end in less than two weeks, with over 93,000 soldiers of the Pakistan Army surrendering to India. The independent state of Bangladesh was born.
MARCOS
The Marine Commando Force (MCF), also known as MARCOS, is a special operations unit that was raised by the Indian Navy in 1987 for Amphibious warfare, Close Quarter Combat Counter-terrorism, Direct action, Special reconnaissance, Unconventional warfare, Hostage rescue, Personnel recovery, Combat search and rescue.
They are also actively deployed on anti-piracy operations throughout the year.
Indian Air Force It was officially established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the British Empire which honoured India's
aviation service during World War II with the prefix Royal. After India gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, the name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and
served in the name of Dominion of India. With the government's transition to a Republic in 1950, the prefix Royal was removed.
The President of India holds the rank of Supreme Commander of the IAF. Approximate strength – 1.5 Lakh The Chief of Air Staff, an air chief marshal, is a four-star officer and is responsible for the bulk
of operational command of the Air Force. There is never more than one serving ACM at any given time in the IAF. The rank of Marshal of the Air Force has been conferred by the President of India on one occasion in history, to Arjan Singh.
Motto - (Sanskrit), “Touch the sky with Glory”. Since 1950 the IAF has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan and one with the
People's Republic of China. Major operations undertaken by the IAF include Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot, Operation Cactus and
Operation Poomalai (To help Tamils in Sri Lanka). Flying Officer Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon , was an officer of the Indian Air Force. He was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra , India's highest military decoration during war time, in
recognition of his lone defence of Srinagar Air Base against a PAF air raid during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. He is the only member of the Indian Air Force to be honoured with the PVC.
The Indian Air Force is divided into five operational And two functional commands
The purpose of an operational command is to conduct military operations using aircraft within its area of responsibility, whereas the responsibility of functional commands is to maintain combat readiness.
Central Air Command (CAC) - HQ Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh Eastern Air Command (EAC) - HQ Shillong, Meghalaya Southern Air Command (SAC) - HQ Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala South Western Air Command (SWAC) - HQ Gandhinagar, Gujarat Western Air Command (WAC) - HQ New Delhi Training Command (TC) - HQ Bangalore, Karnataka Maintenance Command (MC) - HQ Nagpur, Maharashtra
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Aside from the Training Command at Bangalore, the primary flight training is done at the Air Force Academy (located in Hyderabad), followed by operational training at various other schools.
Specialised advanced flight training schools are located at Bidar, Karnataka and Hakimpet, Telangana (also the location for helicopter training).
Garuda Commando Force The Garuda Commando Force is the special forces unit of the Indian Air Force. It was formed
in September 2004 and has a current strength of over 1500 personnel. The unit derives its name from Garuda, a divine bird-like creature in Hinduism. Garud is tasked
with the protection of critical Air Force bases and installations; search and rescue during peace and hostilities and disaster relief during calamities.
List of exercises of the Indian Air Force
Cope India - United States Garuda – France Indradhanush - United Kingdom Eastern Bridge - Oman Aviaindra – Russia Shinyuu Maitri – Japan
Indian Coast Guard
It is a Maritime Law Enforcement and Search and Rescue agency that protects India's maritime interests and enforces its maritime law, with jurisdiction over the territorial waters of India, including its contiguous zone and exclusive economic zone.
The Indian Coast Guard was formally established on 18 August 1978 by the Coast Guard Act, 1978 of the Parliament of India.
It operates under the Ministry of Defence. Approximate strength – 15 Thousand Motto – (We Protect) Governing body - Ministry of Defence.
Central Armed Police Forces
It is sometimes referred to as 'Paramilitary Forces’. They are headed by civilian officers from the Indian Police Service and are under the control of the Ministry of Home
Affairs, not the Ministry of Defence. The Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) refers to uniform nomenclature of five security forces in India under the
authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Their role is to defend the national interest mainly against the internal threats. 7 CAPFs
Border Security Force (BSF) Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) National Security Guard (NSG) Assam Rifles (AR)
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Border Security Force (BSF) It is India's Primary border guarding organization on its border with Pakistan and Bangladesh . It is one of the seven Central Armed Police Forces of India, and was raised in the wake of the
1965 War on 1 December 1965. It currently stands as the world's largest border guarding force. BSF has been termed as the First
Line of Defence of Indian Territories. Approximate strength – 2.5 Lakh Motto - (Duty Unto Death) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) India’s largest paramilitary force. The CRPF's primary role lies in assisting the State/Union Territories in police operations to maintain law and order and
counter insurgency. It came into existence as the Crown Representative's Police on 27 July 1939. After Indian Independence, it became the Central Reserve Police Force on enactment of the
CRPF Act on 28 December 1949. Besides law and order and counter-insurgency duties, the CRPF has played an increasingly
large role in India's general elections. This is especially true for the state of [Jammu and Kashmir (erstwhile State), Bihar and in the
North East, with the presence of unrest and often violent conflict. During the Parliamentary elections of September 1999, the CRPF played a major role in the
security arrangements. Motto - " " Service and Loyalty Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) It was set up under an Act of the Parliament of India on 10 March 1969. Approximate strength is 1.8 Lakh. Among its duties are guarding sensitive governmental buildings, the Delhi Metro, and providing
airport security. The CISF is governed by the Union Ministry of Home Affairs, its headquarters are at New Delhi. The CISF provides security cover to 300 industrial units, government infrastructure projects and
facilities and establishments located all over India. Industrial sectors like atomic power plants, space installations, mines, oil fields and refineries, major ports, heavy engineering, steel plants, barrages, fertiliser units, airports and hydroelectric/thermal power plants owned and controlled by Central Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), and currency note presses producing Indian currency are protected by CISF.
Motto - (Protection and Security) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) It is India's primary border patrol organization with its border with China's Tibet Autonomous
Region. Raised on 24 October 1962 in the wake of the Sino-Indian War of 1962. Approximate strength – 1 Lakh Motto - – – (Valour – Steadfastness and Commitment) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
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Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) It is a border patrol organization of India deployed along its border with Nepal and Bhutan . It is one of the Central Armed Police Forces under the administrative control of the Ministry
of Home Affairs (MHA). Approximate strength – 1 Lakh Formed - 20 December 1963 Motto - (Service, Security and Brotherhood) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
National Security Guard (The Black Cats)
It is an elite counter-terrorism unit under the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). It was founded on 22 September 1986, following Operation Blue Star, the Golden Temple
attack and the assassination of Indira Gandhi, "for combating terrorist activities and protect states against internal disturbances".
Approximate strength – 15 Thousand Motto - Omnipresent omnipotent security. Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Assam Rifles
Oldest paramilitary force of India. Objective - To guard the Indo-Myanmar border and conduct Counter Insurgency operations in the North East. The Assam Rifles came into being in 1835, as a militia called the ‘Cachar
Levy’, to primarily protect British Tea estates and their settlements against tribal raids.
Approximate strength – 65 Thousand Motto – Sentinels of the North East. Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
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by Dr. Gaurav Garg
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Station Commands Headed by Command Authorities & Units
Mumbai Western Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, WNC Units of WNC
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VARUNA French Navy 1983 SLINEX Sri Lanka Navy 2012
KONKAN Royal Navy 2004 Naseem-Al-Bahr Oman Navy 1993
INDRA Russian Navy 2003 AUSINDEX Australian Navy 2015
MALABAR US Navy, JMSDF (Japan) 1992 JIMEX JMSDF 2012
SIMBEX Singapore Navy 1994 ZA’IR-Al-Bahr Qatari Navy 2019
IBSAMAR Brazilian Navy, South African Navy 2008 SAMUDRA SHAKTI Indonesian Navy 2018
SITMEX Singapore Navy, Thai Navy 2019 BONGOSAGAR Bangladesh Navy 2019
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18 © Copyright 2020 Study IQ
Indian Armed Forces Army, Navy and Air Force. These come under the Defence Ministry. Head will never be a civilian IPS officer, Appointment of Admiral, General, etc will be done by the Defence Ministry.
Centrally Armed Police Forces Assam Rifles (AR), Border Security Force (BSF), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Central Reserve Police
Force (CRPF), Indo Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National Security Guard (NSG) and Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB). These forces come under the Home Ministry. Head of these Forces (Director General) will always be an IPS officer.
Defence Ministry After independence, the Ministry of Defence was created under the charge of a Cabinet Minister and each Service was
placed under its own Commander-in-Chief. In 1955, the Commanders-in-Chief were renamed as the Chief of the Army Staff, the Chief of the Naval Staff and the
Chief of the Air Staff. In November 1962, the Department of Defence Production was set up to deal with research, development and
production of defence equipment. In November, 1965, the Department of Defence Supplies was created for planning and execution of schemes for
import substitution of defence requirements. These two Departments were later merged to form the Department of Defence Production and Supplies. In 2004, the name of Department of Defence Production and Supplies was changed to Department of Defence Production.
In 1980, the Department of Defence Research and Development was created. In 2004, the Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare was created.
Departments under Defence Ministry - Department of Defence (DOD) Department of Defence Production (DDP) Department of Ex Servicemen Welfare (DESW) Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Department of Military Affairs (DMA)
The Department of Defence The Department of Defence is mandated with Defence of India including defence policy. It deals with Inter-Services Organizations, Defence Accounts Department, Coast Guard, National Cadet Corps, Border
Roads Organisation, Institute for Defence Studies and Analysis, National Defence College etc. It is responsible for the Defence Budget, defence lands and cantonments, matters relating to Parliament, and defence
cooperation with foreign countries.
The Department of Defence Production The Department of Defence Production is headed by a Secretary. It deals with matters pertaining to defence production, indigenisation of imported stores, equipment and spares,
planning and control of departmental production units of the Ordnance Factory Board and Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs).
The Department of Defence Research and Development The Department of Defence Research and Development is headed by a Secretary. Its function is to advise the Government on scientific aspects of military equipment and logistics and the formulation
of research, design and development plans for equipment required by the Services.
The Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare The Department of Ex-Servicemen Welfare is headed by a Secretary and deals with all resettlement, welfare and
pensionary matters of Ex-Servicemen.
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The Department of Military Affairs Department of Military Affairs is formed on 1 st January 2020 It is headed by - Chief of Defence Staff (CDS). It is a 4 star rank officer post. Department of Military Affairs (DMA) is the department in charge of military matters within the Indian Ministry of
Defence. This Department deals with the Armed Forces of the Union namely, Army, Navy and Air Force; Integrated
Headquarters of the Ministry of Defence; the Territorial Army; Works relating to the three services etc. The Department promotes jointness among the three Services.
Public Sector Undertakings under Ministry of Defence
Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. (HAL) - Bengaluru Bharat Electronics Ltd. (BEL) - Bengaluru Bharat Earth Movers Ltd. (BEML) - Bengaluru Bharat Dynamics Ltd. (BDL) - Hyderabad Mazagaon Docks Ltd. (MDL) - Mumbai Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd. (GRSE) - Kolkata Goa Shipyards Ltd. (GSL) - Goa Hindustan Shipyards Ltd. (HSL) - Visakhapatnam Mishra Dhatu Nigam Ltd. (MIDHANI) - Hyderabad Vignyan Industries Ltd. (subsidiary of BEML) - Tarikere, Chikmagalur (Karnataka)
Indian Navy The Indian Navy is the naval branch of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Navy. The Chief of Naval Staff, a four-star admiral , commands the navy. In 1793, the British East India Company established its rule over eastern part of the Indian subcontinent i.e. Bengal,
but it was not until 1830 that the colonial navy was titled as His Majesty's Indian Navy. When India became a republic in 1950, the Royal Indian Navy as it had been named since 1934 was renamed to Indian
Navy. The primary objective of the navy is to safeguard the nation's maritime borders, and in conjunction with other Armed
Forces of the union, act to deter or defeat any threats or aggression against the territory, people or maritime interests of India, both in war and peace.
Through joint exercises, goodwill visits and humanitarian missions, including disaster relief, Indian Navy promotes bilateral relations between nations.
Indian Navy vs Indian Coast Guard
The mission of the Indian Navy is to maintain, train, and equip combat-ready naval forces capable of winning wars, deterring aggression and maintaining freedom of the seas whereas Indian Coast Guards are for law enforcement, search and rescue in the sea.
Indian navy provides safety to Indian ships and ports from any threats from enemies whereas Indian Coast Guards look into the matter of illegal activities that might take place in the sea like smuggling etc.
Navy Day in India is celebrated on 4 December every year to recognize the achievements and role
of the Indian Navy to the country. 4 December was chosen as on that day in 1971, during Operation Trident, the Indian Navy sank four Pakistani vessels including PNS Khaibar, killing hundreds of Pakistani Navy personnel.
The submarine day is celebrated on the 08 th Dec every year to mark the birth of the Indian Navy's Submarine Arm with the commissioning of its first submarine, erstwhile INS Kalvari on 08 Dec 1967.
Motto - (Sanskrit), Sha No Varuna , 'May the Lord of Water be auspicious unto us’ Recruitment: Indian Navy – An Ocean of Opportunities.
2 © Copyright 2020 Study IQ
** Theatre Command - Port Blair (Andaman & Nicobar) - It is common for all 3 (Army, Navy, Air Force).
3 © Copyright 2020 Study IQ
Station Commands Headed by Command Authorities & Units
Mumbai Western Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, WNC Units of WNC
Visakhapatnam Eastern Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, ENC Units of ENC
Kochi Southern Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, SNC Units of SNC
Field marshal is a five–star general officer rank and the highest attainable rank in the Indian Army. Field marshal is ranked immediately above general, but not exercised in the regular army structure. It is a largely ceremonial or wartime rank , having been awarded only twice. Sam Manekshaw was the first field marshal of India, and was conferred the rank on 1 January 1973. The second was K
M Cariappa, who was conferred the rank on 15 January 1986. Field marshal is equivalent to an admiral of the fleet in the Indian Navy and a Marshal of the Indian Air Force in the
Indian Air Force. In the navy, admiral of the fleet has never been awarded, but from the air force, Arjan Singh was promoted to the
marshal of the air force.
Indian Navy has approximately 70,000 active and 60,000 reserve personnel in service. 1 aircraft carrier – INS Vikramaditya (Purchased from Russia). INS Vikrant , is an aircraft carrier being constructed by Cochin Shipyard in Kochi, Kerala for the Indian Navy. It is the
first aircraft carrier to be built in India. INS Vishal , also known as Indigenous Aircraft Carrier 2 (IAC-2), is a planned aircraft carrier to be built by Cochin
Shipyard Limited for the Indian Navy. It is being built with the help of United Kingdom. (INS Vikrant originally HMS Hermes of the United Kingdom was the first aircraft carrier of the Indian Navy. She was
decommissioned in 1997 and sold for ship-breaking in 2014).
Indian Navy Training Establishments Indian Naval Academy - Ezhimala (Kerala) INS Chilka - Khurda (Odisha) INS Shivaji - Lonavala (Maharashtra) INS Valsura - Jamnagar (Gujarat) INS Hamla - Mumbai
INS Kunjali - Mumbai INS Agrani - Coimbatore INS Garuda - Kochi (Kerala) INS Dronacharya - Kochi (Kerala)
Indian Army The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Army and its professional head is the Chief of Army
Staff (COAS), who is a four-star general. Two officers have been conferred with the rank of field marshal, a five-star rank, which is a ceremonial position of
great honour. Sam Manekshaw, K M Cariappa. The Indian Army originated from the armies of the East India Company, which eventually became the British Indian
Army, and the armies of the princely states, which were merged into the national army after independence. The primary mission of the Indian Army is to ensure national security and national unity, to defend the nation from
external aggression and internal threats, and to maintain peace and security within its borders. It conducts humanitarian rescue operations during natural calamities and other disturbances. The army has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan (1947,1965,1971,1999) and one with China (1962). Other major operations undertaken by the army include Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot (Siachen) , and
Operation Cactus (Maldives).
VARUNA French Navy 1983 SLINEX Sri Lanka Navy 2012
KONKAN Royal Navy 2004 Naseem-Al-Bahr Oman Navy 1993
INDRA Russian Navy 2003 AUSINDEX Australian Navy 2015
MALABAR US Navy, JMSDF (Japan) 1992 JIMEX JMSDF 2012
SIMBEX Singapore Navy 1994 ZA’IR-Al-Bahr Qatari Navy 2019
IBSAMAR Brazilian Navy, South African Navy 2008 SAMUDRA SHAKTI Indonesian Navy 2018
SITMEX Singapore Navy, Thai Navy 2019 BONGOSAGAR Bangladesh Navy 2019
The army has conducted large peace time exercises and it has also been an active participant in numerous United Nations peacekeeping missions, including those in Cyprus, Lebanon, Congo, Angola, Cambodia, Vietnam, Namibia, El Salvador, Liberia, Mozambique, South Sudan, and Somalia.
The Indian Army is operationally and geographically divided into seven commands Western Command - HQ Chandimandir (Combat) Eastern Command - HQ Kolkata (Combat) Northern Command - HQ Udhampur (Combat) Southern Command - HQ Pune (Combat) Central Command – HQ Lucknow (Combat) Army Training Command - HQ Shimla (Training) South-Western Command - HQ Jaipur (Training) The Army has approximately 13 lakh active troops and 10 lakh reserve troops.
In any command army is organized in 7 parts whose details are given below: 1. Section: The smallest unit of the army is called "section", it contains 10-12 soldiers. 2. Platoon: It consists of 4 sections. 3. Company: It consists of 4 platoons. Its Chief is called the company commander. 4. Battalion: Its Chief is called Colonel. 5. Brigade: Its Chief is called Brigadier. 6. Division: Its Chief is called Major General. 7. Corps: Its Chief is called Lieutenant General.
Motto - (Sanskrit), "Sewa Paramo Dharma".
Important Training institutes of Indian Army National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla, Pune Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune Indian Military Academy, Dehradun Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Leh College of Military Engineering (CME), Pune National Defence University - Gurgaon, Haryana Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Pune Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses - New Delhi. It is now named after Manohar Parrikar Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare (CIJW) School, Vairengte, Mizoram. High Altitude Warfare School - Gulmarg, Jammu and Kashmir.
List of exercises of the Indian Army Yudh Abhyas – USA Nomadic Elephant – Mongolia Indra – Russia Hand in Hand – China Maitree – Thailand Ekuverin - Maldives Surya Kiran - Nepal Ajeya Warrior - United Kingdom Shakti - France Sampriti - Bangladesh
Bold Kurukshetra - Singapore Prabal Dostyk - Kazakhstan Garud Shakti - Indonesia Nomadic Elephant - Mongolia Al Nagah-Ii - Oman Harimau Shakti - Malaysia Dharma Guardian - Japan Khanjar - Kyrgyzstan Lamitye - Seychelles
Common places where exercises take place of Indian Army Aundh Military station, Pune Umroi, Meghalaya Babina Military station, Jhansi Vairengte, Mizoram
Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh Mahajan firing range, Bikaner, Rajasthan Chaubatia, Almora, Uttarakhand Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
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Important Days celebrated by Indian Army Army Day (January15) - This day commemorates KM Cariappa taking over as the first Commander-in-chief of the
Indian Army from General Francis Butcher, in 1949. Armed Forces Flag Day (December 7) - Celebrated on this date annually since 1949, the day is dedicated to collection
of funds from the people of India for the welfare of the personnel of the Indian Armed Forces. Armed Forces Veterans Day (January 14) - Observed each year ever since 2017 on 14th January as a mark of respect
and recognition of the services rendered by Field Marshal KM Cariappa OBE – the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces who retired on 14 Jan 1953.
Kargil Vijay Diwas is observed in India on the 26th of July. On this date in 1999 India successfully took command of the high outposts.
Vijay Diwas (December 16) : On this day in 1971, the India-Pakistan war came to an end in less than two weeks, with over 93,000 soldiers of the Pakistan Army surrendering to India. The independent state of Bangladesh was born.
MARCOS
The Marine Commando Force (MCF), also known as MARCOS, is a special operations unit that was raised by the Indian Navy in 1987 for Amphibious warfare, Close Quarter Combat Counter-terrorism, Direct action, Special reconnaissance, Unconventional warfare, Hostage rescue, Personnel recovery, Combat search and rescue.
They are also actively deployed on anti-piracy operations throughout the year.
Indian Air Force It was officially established on 8 October 1932 as an auxiliary air force of the British Empire which honoured India's
aviation service during World War II with the prefix Royal. After India gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, the name Royal Indian Air Force was kept and
served in the name of Dominion of India. With the government's transition to a Republic in 1950, the prefix Royal was removed.
The President of India holds the rank of Supreme Commander of the IAF. Approximate strength – 1.5 Lakh The Chief of Air Staff, an air chief marshal, is a four-star officer and is responsible for the bulk
of operational command of the Air Force. There is never more than one serving ACM at any given time in the IAF. The rank of Marshal of the Air Force has been conferred by the President of India on one occasion in history, to Arjan Singh.
Motto - (Sanskrit), “Touch the sky with Glory”. Since 1950 the IAF has been involved in four wars with neighbouring Pakistan and one with the
People's Republic of China. Major operations undertaken by the IAF include Operation Vijay, Operation Meghdoot, Operation Cactus and
Operation Poomalai (To help Tamils in Sri Lanka). Flying Officer Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon , was an officer of the Indian Air Force. He was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra , India's highest military decoration during war time, in
recognition of his lone defence of Srinagar Air Base against a PAF air raid during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. He is the only member of the Indian Air Force to be honoured with the PVC.
The Indian Air Force is divided into five operational And two functional commands
The purpose of an operational command is to conduct military operations using aircraft within its area of responsibility, whereas the responsibility of functional commands is to maintain combat readiness.
Central Air Command (CAC) - HQ Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh Eastern Air Command (EAC) - HQ Shillong, Meghalaya Southern Air Command (SAC) - HQ Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala South Western Air Command (SWAC) - HQ Gandhinagar, Gujarat Western Air Command (WAC) - HQ New Delhi Training Command (TC) - HQ Bangalore, Karnataka Maintenance Command (MC) - HQ Nagpur, Maharashtra
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Aside from the Training Command at Bangalore, the primary flight training is done at the Air Force Academy (located in Hyderabad), followed by operational training at various other schools.
Specialised advanced flight training schools are located at Bidar, Karnataka and Hakimpet, Telangana (also the location for helicopter training).
Garuda Commando Force The Garuda Commando Force is the special forces unit of the Indian Air Force. It was formed
in September 2004 and has a current strength of over 1500 personnel. The unit derives its name from Garuda, a divine bird-like creature in Hinduism. Garud is tasked
with the protection of critical Air Force bases and installations; search and rescue during peace and hostilities and disaster relief during calamities.
List of exercises of the Indian Air Force
Cope India - United States Garuda – France Indradhanush - United Kingdom Eastern Bridge - Oman Aviaindra – Russia Shinyuu Maitri – Japan
Indian Coast Guard
It is a Maritime Law Enforcement and Search and Rescue agency that protects India's maritime interests and enforces its maritime law, with jurisdiction over the territorial waters of India, including its contiguous zone and exclusive economic zone.
The Indian Coast Guard was formally established on 18 August 1978 by the Coast Guard Act, 1978 of the Parliament of India.
It operates under the Ministry of Defence. Approximate strength – 15 Thousand Motto – (We Protect) Governing body - Ministry of Defence.
Central Armed Police Forces
It is sometimes referred to as 'Paramilitary Forces’. They are headed by civilian officers from the Indian Police Service and are under the control of the Ministry of Home
Affairs, not the Ministry of Defence. The Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) refers to uniform nomenclature of five security forces in India under the
authority of the Ministry of Home Affairs. Their role is to defend the national interest mainly against the internal threats. 7 CAPFs
Border Security Force (BSF) Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) National Security Guard (NSG) Assam Rifles (AR)
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Border Security Force (BSF) It is India's Primary border guarding organization on its border with Pakistan and Bangladesh . It is one of the seven Central Armed Police Forces of India, and was raised in the wake of the
1965 War on 1 December 1965. It currently stands as the world's largest border guarding force. BSF has been termed as the First
Line of Defence of Indian Territories. Approximate strength – 2.5 Lakh Motto - (Duty Unto Death) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) India’s largest paramilitary force. The CRPF's primary role lies in assisting the State/Union Territories in police operations to maintain law and order and
counter insurgency. It came into existence as the Crown Representative's Police on 27 July 1939. After Indian Independence, it became the Central Reserve Police Force on enactment of the
CRPF Act on 28 December 1949. Besides law and order and counter-insurgency duties, the CRPF has played an increasingly
large role in India's general elections. This is especially true for the state of [Jammu and Kashmir (erstwhile State), Bihar and in the
North East, with the presence of unrest and often violent conflict. During the Parliamentary elections of September 1999, the CRPF played a major role in the
security arrangements. Motto - " " Service and Loyalty Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) It was set up under an Act of the Parliament of India on 10 March 1969. Approximate strength is 1.8 Lakh. Among its duties are guarding sensitive governmental buildings, the Delhi Metro, and providing
airport security. The CISF is governed by the Union Ministry of Home Affairs, its headquarters are at New Delhi. The CISF provides security cover to 300 industrial units, government infrastructure projects and
facilities and establishments located all over India. Industrial sectors like atomic power plants, space installations, mines, oil fields and refineries, major ports, heavy engineering, steel plants, barrages, fertiliser units, airports and hydroelectric/thermal power plants owned and controlled by Central Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs), and currency note presses producing Indian currency are protected by CISF.
Motto - (Protection and Security) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP) It is India's primary border patrol organization with its border with China's Tibet Autonomous
Region. Raised on 24 October 1962 in the wake of the Sino-Indian War of 1962. Approximate strength – 1 Lakh Motto - – – (Valour – Steadfastness and Commitment) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
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Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB) It is a border patrol organization of India deployed along its border with Nepal and Bhutan . It is one of the Central Armed Police Forces under the administrative control of the Ministry
of Home Affairs (MHA). Approximate strength – 1 Lakh Formed - 20 December 1963 Motto - (Service, Security and Brotherhood) Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
National Security Guard (The Black Cats)
It is an elite counter-terrorism unit under the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA). It was founded on 22 September 1986, following Operation Blue Star, the Golden Temple
attack and the assassination of Indira Gandhi, "for combating terrorist activities and protect states against internal disturbances".
Approximate strength – 15 Thousand Motto - Omnipresent omnipotent security. Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
Assam Rifles
Oldest paramilitary force of India. Objective - To guard the Indo-Myanmar border and conduct Counter Insurgency operations in the North East. The Assam Rifles came into being in 1835, as a militia called the ‘Cachar
Levy’, to primarily protect British Tea estates and their settlements against tribal raids.
Approximate strength – 65 Thousand Motto – Sentinels of the North East. Governing body - Ministry of Home Affairs
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by Dr. Gaurav Garg
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Station Commands Headed by Command Authorities & Units
Mumbai Western Naval Command Flag Officer Commanding in Chief, WNC Units of WNC
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VARUNA French Navy 1983 SLINEX Sri Lanka Navy 2012
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INDRA Russian Navy 2003 AUSINDEX Australian Navy 2015
MALABAR US Navy, JMSDF (Japan) 1992 JIMEX JMSDF 2012
SIMBEX Singapore Navy 1994 ZA’IR-Al-Bahr Qatari Navy 2019
IBSAMAR Brazilian Navy, South African Navy 2008 SAMUDRA SHAKTI Indonesian Navy 2018
SITMEX Singapore Navy, Thai Navy 2019 BONGOSAGAR Bangladesh Navy 2019
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