I have a NoSQL Toaster.Why would I want a NoSQL database?

Matthew D. Groves @mgroves

Original slides by Matthew Revell - @matthewrevell

©2016 Couchbase Inc. 2

Where am I?

• Connect.Tech

• http://connect-js.com

• http://twitter.com/connect_js

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Who am I?

• Matthew D. Groves

• Developer Advocate for Couchbase

• @mgroves on Twitter

• Podcast and blog: http://crosscuttingconcerns.com

• “I am not an expert, but I am an enthusiast.” – Alan Stevens

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Couchbase and CouchDB

Couchbase is to CouchDBas

MySQL is to SQL Server

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SQL is the norm, right?

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Wendt_at_the_41st_Emmy_Awards_cropped.jpg

~3200 BC: invention of writing in Mesopotamia

~300 BC: Library of Alexandria

~1041 AD: Movable type invented in China

1450: Movable type invented in Europe

1822: Babbage’s paper on the application of difference engines

1943: Colossus, the first programmable digital computer

1957-1960: IBM SABRE, the first commercial use of a database

1970: EF Codd proposes the relational database model

1974: Ingres released

1979: Commercial launch of Oracle database

1988: Object databases appear

1989: Microsoft SQL Server version 1

1991: HTTP v0.9

1995: MySQL’s initial release

2005: CouchDB released

2006: Google’s Big Table paper

2007: Amazon’s Dynamo paper

2008-2009: The NoSQL Cambrian explosion: Riak, MongoDB, Cassandra, Redis

2010: Couchbase arrives on the scene

NoSQL isn’t a very useful term

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Easy?

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Scalable?

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Commodity Hardware

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ACID vs BASE?

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AtomicConsistentIsolatedDurable

Basic AvailabilitySoft-stateEventual consistency

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Schema Schemaless

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Star-schema-example.png

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Normalized Denormalized

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First: Why NoSQL?

https://www.flickr.com/photos/wonderlane/13067014944

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Round pegs, square holes

http://www.timesofbook.com/2013/09/blobfish-image-gallery.html#.V6iXwbgrJhE

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Perhaps SQL is right for this project

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Scaling can be hard

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sandwiches_Vienna.jpg

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Availability is hard

https://www.flickr.com/photos/jeepersmedia/14562425273/

CAP

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Schemas can be hard

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MediaWiki_database_schema_1-17_(r82044).svg

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Types of NoSQL databases

Document

Key/Value

Columnar

Graph

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Convergence!

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Document

???

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What makes it a document database?

JSON

XML

BSON

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The document database

understands the

format of the document

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It can do

server-side stuff

Buckets

Documents

Views

N1QL

"ClientProductCode","Title","Quantity""TShirtCBS","Couchbase logo t-shirt (small)",29"TShirtCBM","Couchbase logo t-shirt (medium)",72"TShirtCBL","Couchbase logo t-shirt (large)",34"TShirtCBXL","Couchbase logo t-shirt (extra large)",12"StickerCBLogo","Couchbase logo sticker",256"PenCBLogo","Couchbase logo pen",365

class Program{

private static IBucket _bucket;

static void Main(string[] args){

SetupCouchbase();

LoadStockList();

ClusterHelper.Close();}

private static void SetupCouchbase(){

ClientConfiguration config = new ClientConfiguration();config.Servers = new List<Uri> {new Uri("couchbase://192.168.1.5") };ClusterHelper.Initialize(config);_bucket = ClusterHelper.GetBucket("default");

}

private static void LoadStockList(){

var csv = new CsvReader(File.OpenText("swag.csv"));while (csv.Read()){

var record = csv.GetRecord<dynamic>();var document = new Document<dynamic>{

Id = record.ClientProductCode,Content = new{

record.Title,record.Quantity

}};_bucket.Insert(document);Console.WriteLine($"Added document '{record.ClientProductCode}'");

}}

}

private static void SetupCouchbase(){

ClientConfiguration config = new ClientConfiguration();config.Servers = new List<Uri> {new Uri("couchbase://192.168.1.5") };ClusterHelper.Initialize(config);_bucket = ClusterHelper.GetBucket("default");

}

private static void LoadStockList() {var csv = new CsvReader(File.OpenText("swag.csv"));while (csv.Read()) {

var record = csv.GetRecord<dynamic>();var document = new Document<dynamic> {

Id = record.ClientProductCode,Content = new {

record.Title,record.Quantity

}};_bucket.Insert(document);Console.WriteLine($"Added document '{record.ClientProductCode}'");

}}

private static void GetDocument(){

var doc = _bucket.Get<dynamic>("StickerCBLogo");Console.WriteLine($"Document Key: {doc.Id}");Console.WriteLine($"Title: {doc.Value.title}");Console.WriteLine($"Quantity: {doc.Value.quantity}");

}

©2016 Couchbase Inc. 38

Typical Document Database Operations

• Upsert (aka set)• Inserts document if key doesn’t exist, replaces otherwise

• Insert (aka add)• Inserts document, error if it already exists

• Update (aka replace)• Updates document, error if it doesn’t exist

• Delete

• Get

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N1QL

SELECT m.*

FROM `default` m

WHERE META(m).id = ‘StickerCBLogo’

SELECT m.*

FROM `default` m

WHERE m.quantity > 10

Great for Dev

Scales Easily

Consistently Fast

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Use cases for Document Databases

• User profiles

• Session stores

• Content management

• General relational replacement• http://info.couchbase.com/15Q1TopTenUC.html

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Key/Value Database

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Key-Value Databases

In-memory caches

and

distributed data stores

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Doesn’t care what your data is (mostly)

KEY1 { type: “json” }

KEY2 <data type=“xml”></data>

KEY3 Lorem ipsum

… 00100101000100101

KEYN

https://www.flickr.com/photos/dcmot/23168680069

Buckets

Key-Value Pairs

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C# Riak

private static void DoStuffWithRiak(){

var cluster = RiakCluster.FromConfig("riakConfig");var client = cluster.CreateClient();

var actor = new RiakObject("actors", "James Bond","Sean Connery");client.Put(actor);

var actorBackOut = client.Get("actors", "James Bond");var str = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(actorBackOut.Value.Value);Console.WriteLine($"Value: {str}");

}

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Introducing: Eventual Consistency!

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Eventual Consistency

https://www.flickr.com/photos/scottchene/7046992749https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Timothy_Dalton_1987.jpghttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir_Roger_Moore_crop.jpg

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There can be only one!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Highlander_film_Connor_MacLeod.jpg

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So, fix it

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Scales Well

Highly Available

Data Agnostic

Maybe some extra work

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Use Cases for K/V

• Data variability

• Object caching

• Session storage

• Large object storage

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Columnar

Keyspaces

Column Families

Rows

Columns

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Keyspace

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Column Family

CREATE KEYSPACE mykeyspaceWITH replication = { 'class': 'SimpleStrategy',

'replication_factor': '1'};

CREATE TABLE users (firstname text, lastname text, age int, email text, city text, PRIMARY KEY (lastname));

private static void DoStuffWithDataStax(){

var cluster = Cluster.Builder().AddContactPoint("127.0.0.1").Build();var session = cluster.Connect("mykeyspace");

session.Execute("insert into users (lastname, age, city, email, firstname) values ('Jones', 35, 'Austin', 'bob@example.com', 'Bob')");

var userBackOut = session.Execute("select * from users wherelastname='Jones'").First();

Console.WriteLine($"{userBackOut["firstname"]} {userBackOut["age"]}");}

Impedance Mismatch

Scales Well (Ops Headache)

Suited to Analytics

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Use cases for Columnar

•Metering data•Really big data•Analytics

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Graph

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_protein_interaction_network_of_Treponema_pallidum.png

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Leonhard Euler

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7 Bridges of Königsberg

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Use cases for Graph databases

• Social networks / dating sites

• Fraud detection

• Parcel routing

• Shopping recommendations

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Say what?

RelationalDocument

Key/Value

Columnar

GraphObject

others…

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Box arrow box arrow

Web LogicSQL

Riak

Couchbase

More Logic

Mobile

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Couchbase, everybody!

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Where do you find us?

• developer.couchbase.com

• blog.couchbase.com

• forums.couchbase.com

• @couchbasedev

• #couchbase

• @mgroves

• @couchbase