Tomofumi NAGAEJ-PARC Project Office

KEK

Hypernuclear Physics Experiments at J-PARC

Nuclear Physics in the 21st Century

Heavy-Ion Colliders : RHIC, LHC-Alice

QGP at High Temperature

e- and photon beams : JLab, SPring-8, etc.

Structure of proton, Hadron spectroscopy, etc.

Hadron beams : J-PARC, DAFNE, GSI

High-Density Hadronic Matter, Exotic Hadrons

Unstable Nuclear Beams : RIBF, GSI, ISOLs

Isospin Limit, Nuclear Astrophysics

J-PARC

RHICLHC

L06: New Generation Spectroscopy of Hadron Many-Body Systems with Strageness S=-2 and -1 (K. Imai et al.)

L07: Hyperon-Proton Scattering Experiments at the 50-GeV PS (M. Ieiri et al.)

L08: High-Resolution Reaction Spectroscopy of S=-1 Hypernuclei (H. Noumi et al.)

L09: Neutron-rich Λ hypernuclei by the double-charge exchange reaction (T. Fukuda et al.)

L10: Study of Dense K Nuclear Systems (T. Nagae et al.)

L21: Precise Measurement of the Nonmesonic Weak Decay of A=4,5 Λ Hypernuclei (S. Ajimura et al.)

LOIs in Strangeness Nuclear Physics

Two LOIs selected as Day-1 Experiments

L06: New generation spectroscopy of hadron many-body systems with

strangeness S=-2 and -1

K.Imai,M.Nakamura, H.Funahashi, M.Yosoi T.Nagae, M.Ieiri, H.Noumi, H.Outa, M.Sekimoto,

H.Takahashi, Y.Sato, A.Toyoda T.Fukuda, P.K.Saha K.Nakazawa K.Yamamoto, T.Yoshida O.Hashimoto, K.Maeda, H.Tamura, S.N.Nakamura,

T.Takahashi, Y.Fujii,H.Kanda T.Kishimoto, A.Sakaguchi, S.Ajimura, Y.Shimizu,

S.Minami, T.Itahashi, T.Hayakawa M.Iwasaki, K.Itahashi, K.Tanida, Y.Matsuda

Japan J.S.Song, I.G.Park, C.S.Yoon, S.H.Kim J.Y.Kim M.Y.Pac J.K.Ahn, I.K.Yoo H.Bhang, M.Youn

Korea S.Zhou, L.Zhu

China

B.Bassalleck L.Tang P.Markowitz, B.Raue, J.Reinhold M.May, R.E.Chrien, A.Rusek, P.H.Pile S.Choi Ed.Hungerford G.Franklin, R.Schumacher, B.Quinn

USA T.R.Saitoh, A.Banu

Germany J.Arvieux

France P.Kienle, M.Cargnelli, J.Marton, J.Zmeskal

Austria S.Marcello, T.Bressani M.Agnello A.Feliciello

Italy P.Tlusty

Czech

Strangeness Nuclear PhysicsNew Hadron Many-Body Systems with Strangeness

γ spectroscopy

(K-,K+) spectroscopy

S=-2 World

H particle mass

A-1(Z-1)+Ξ−BΞ

2xBΛ

Ξ-hypernucleus

Double-Λ hypernucleus

∆BΛΛ< 0 ?

H + (A-2)

Weak Decays

Energy Spectrum of S=-2 systems

Λ−Λ Interaction

Λ∆BΛΛ> 0 ?

∆BΛΛ

BΛ

BΛΛ

A-2(Z-2)+Λ+Λ

A-1Λ(Z-2)+Λ

(A-2)g.s.⊗SΛPΛ

(A-2)g.s.⊗SΛ2

(A-1)g.s.⊗SΞ

(A-1)g.s.⊗PΞ

MH > 2xMΛ - BΛΛ

MH < 2xMΛ - BΛΛ

Λ

A-1ΛΛ(Z-2)+n

Ξ−N Interaction

Information on S=-2Double Λ hypernuclei

Two old emulsion events(1963,1966)

One recent event in KEK E176(1991)

Nagara event in KEK E373(2001)

Binding energy of

mH>2223.7 MeV/c2

Ξ hypernuclei ?€

ΛΛ6He

Very limited spectroscopic information

ΞHypernuclei with (K-,K+)

0 1 m

K E K -S K S

BEAM

TARGET

SDC3

SDC4

TOF

AEROGEL

CERENKOV

LUCITE

CERENKOV

1200 MeV/c

1100 MeV/c

(K-,K+) Spectroscopy

2 MeVFWHM resolution

~6 events/day/MeV for 50 msr, 2g/cm2-thick Pb ~20 days

Ξ- bound region

58Ni(K-,K+) 208Pb(K-,K+)

V0=-24 MeVV0=-16 MeV

MHY-MA (MeV) MHY-MA (MeV)

FoldingWoods-Saxon

V0=-24 MeVV0=-16 MeV

FoldingWoods-Saxon

Ξ- bound region

Ξ hypernuclei potential ?Λ, Σ-, Ξ-, K- in Neutron Star Core ?

Chemical Potential:

€

µB = mB +kF

2

2mB

+U(kF )

UΣ>0, UΞ<0

UΣ<0, UΞ<0

UΣ>0, UΞ>0

K-

Ξ-

Ξ-

Σ- Λ

ΛΛ

Λ

u=ρ/ρ0

High-presicion γ spectroscopy of hypernuclei

YN, YY Interactions　　　 ΛN : spin-dependent forces, ΛN-ΣN / ΛNN forces, charge symmetry breaking, p-wave interaction 　　 ΞN, ΛΛ interactions

Impurity effects　　　 B(E2) -> shrinking effect　　　　 Change of cluster structure/shell structure

Nuclear medium effects　　　　 B(M1) -> mΛ inside a nucleus

Precise Structure of Λ Hypernuclei

∆E ~ a few keV (FWHM) by Hyperball << ~ 1 MeV by reactions

μΛ

Hyperball-3

PWO counters

14 sets

r.e.= 350%

effic. > 10% at 1 MeV (x4 of Hyperball) Rate limit ~2x107 particles /s (x5) Yield: x20 for single γ x80 for γγ

PWO counters

Expected transitions

12C (π+,K+) 12ΛC SKS, ∆E~1.5 MeV(FWHM)

Simulation: K1.1, 10g/cm2, 120 hours

(1-b) Light hypernuclei--12ΛC case

b

a

c

d

g

fe

h ijk

lm

no

p

Angular corr.-> spin assign

-> level scheme

(1-b) Light hypernuclei Impurity effect

example of 20ΛNe : change of cluster structure

shrinking effect considered

(cluster model)

MS2MS1

IF

K1.8

K1.1

SKS

SPES-II

T1 TGT

Layout Option - K1.8 and K1.1

MS1MS2

Layout Option - K1.8+K1.1BR

T1 TGT

MS2MS1IF

K1.8K1.1BR

SKS

SPES-II

Beam Line Specificationby H. Noumi

K1.8 K1.1 K1.1BR

Length (m) 46.4 24 26.9

Acceptance (msr.%) 2.7 16.5 4.9

Intensity (ppp)

1.8 GeV/c 1.0E+07

1.1 GeV/c 4.9E+05 4.1E+07 1.0E+07

Electro-static Separator

6m-7.5MV/m×2

2m-7.5MV/m×2

6m-5MV/m×1

Separation/Size(rms) 10.8 4.2 6.5

Beam Mom.Resol.(%) 0.07 - 0.05

L10: Study of Dense Kbar-Nuclear Systems

S =0 NucleiS =-1 NucleiS =-2 Nuclei

0

100

200

300

400

500

Excitation Energy

(MeV)

A [Z]A [Z+1]

A [Z+2]

π-⊗A [Z+1]

Λ ⊗ [Z]A-1

Σ ⊗ [Z+1]A-1-

Σ ⊗ [Z]A-10

Σ ⊗ [Z-1]A-1+

K ⊗ [Z+1]A-

K ⊗ [Z]A0

_

Ξ ⊗ [Z+1]A-1-

Ξ ⊗ [Z]A-10

ΛΛ⊗ [Z]A-2

K-,K

+( )K

-, π+( ), π-

,K+( )

K-, π-( ), π+

,K+( )

K-,N( )

Formation of High Density State

total B.E. = 221 MeVcentral density = 3.01 fm-3

Rrms= 0.69 fm

ppnK-K-

total B.E. = 118 MeVcentral density = 1.50 fm-3

Rrms= 0.72 fm

total B.E. = 6.0 MeVcentral density = 0.14 fm-3

Rrms= 1.59 fm

ppnK- ppn

Density [fm-3]0.0 1.5 3.0

Density [fm-3]0.00 0.75 1.50

Density [fm-3]0.00 0.07 0.14

4 fm 4 fm 4 fm

E(K) = 110 MeV E(2K) = 213 MeV

Dote et al.ρ>ρ0x10 !!

Physics ImpactsFormation of Cold(T=0) and Dense(ρ>5 ρ0) nuclear matter

Quark-gluon plasma, color

superconductivity

Chiral symmetry restoration

In-medium KN interactions

Kaon condensation

Neutron star, strange star

NormalNucleus

|<qq>ρ,T|

5ρ0T

300 MeV

TemperatureDensity

ρ

T. Hatsuda and T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158.W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A443 (1993) 59c.

How to produce ?Single Kaon bound state

(K-,π-) reaction: BNL P967 Nagae

(K-,N) reaction Kishimoto E548

(Stopped K-,n) reaction: KEK E471 Iwasaki E549

Double Kaon bound state

(K-,K+) reaction

L07: Hyperon-Proton Scattering Experiments M. Ieiri (KEK)K. Imai (Kyoto U.)B. Bassalleck (U.ofNM)P. Tlusty (NPI)

Σ+p→Σ+p pΣ = 450 MeV/c0.3

0.2

0.1

0

-0.10 30 60 90 120 150 180

0 30 60 90 120 150 180θCM (deg)

1.0

0.5

0.0

-0.5

-1.0

Λp→ΛppΛ = 600 MeV/c

0 30 60 90 120 150 180θCM (deg)

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-0.2

-0.4

Λp→ΛppΛ = 600 MeV/c

S=-2 Ξ-p →ΛΛ, Ξ-p→ Ξ-p

PΣ(θ)QCM(RGM-H)QCM(FSS)OBE(NSC)OBE(Julich B)

PΛ(θ) DΛ(θ)

Polarization observables ( ≈ Anti-symmetric spin-orbit)

Toward a Modern picture of “Nuclear Force” Baryon-Baryon Interaction in SU(3)F meson or quark ?

Estimated Yields

K-

K+

π-

π-

p

pΛ

ΛΞ-

θ_spectrometer

10 cm

CBA

Ξ-p→ ΛΛ

Target 5 cm wide × 20 cm long

A: production 1 cmLiq. Hydrogen

B: degrader 0.5 cmTungsten

C: scattering 2 cmLiq. Hydrogen

K+ spectrometer

θ_spectrometer ~ 25° at center

K- beam (assumption @ LOI)

Intensity 107 K-/sec

Momentum 1.7 GeV/c

Size σ_horizontal 15 mm

σ_vertical 1 mm

100

0

0 400 800 1200PΞ just before decay [MeV/c]

Liquid Hydrogen

Tungsten

Ver

tica

l pos

itio

n [m

m]

Ξ-p → Ξ-p Ξ-p → ΛΛ

• reaction rate [s-1] 0.009 0.0043• 100 days 78000 37000• Detectable number 2300 550

L08:High-resolution Reaction Spectroscopy of S=-1

HypernucleiY. Fujii, T. Fukuda, O. Hashimoto, H. Noumi,

P.K. Saha, and T. Takahashi

L09:Neutron-Rich Λ Hypernuclei by the Double-Charge

Exchange ReactionT. Fukuda, H. Noumi, and P.K. Saha

Superfine Structure of Λ hypernuclei

World of ∆E=0.2 MeV

Simulation

E369 Data (89ΛY)

Furtherdecomposition

of the states

0.6mb/sr

L21: Weak decay measurement of light hypernuclei at J-PARC

Shuhei Ajimura, Osaka University

Nonmesonic decay of A=4, 5 hypernuclei

Allowed initial states for A=4, 5 hypernuclei

Gp(4ΛH), Gn(4ΛHe)

⇒ we can measure 1S0 amplitudes directly.

If ∆I=1/2 rule holds, Gn(4ΛHe)/Gp(4ΛH)=2.

⇒ we can check the validity of the ∆I=1/2 rule in B-B weak interaction.

hypernucleus Λn→nn Λp → np4ΛH 1S0, 3S1 1S04ΛHe 1S0 1S0, 3S1

5ΛHe 1S0, 3S1 1S0, 3S1

Existing experimental results

Gn(4ΛHe) /GΛ=0.01+0.04/-0.01 (KEK), 0.04±0.02(BNL) NP A639(1998)261c

Gp(4ΛHe) /GΛ= 0.16±0.02(KEK), 0.16±0.02(BNL) NP A639(1998)251c

Decay Counter System∆E – E

∆E – TOF

- thin plastic counter surrounding target(∆E)

- outer plastic stack(E)

- tracking by DC- neutrons by TOF

π0 Spectrometer: ∆E=2 MeV

Detectors

4ΛH 4ΛHe 5ΛHebeam intensity 5×106 K-/3.4 sec 5×106　 K- 1×107　 π+

target thickness 0.125 g/cm2 1.25 4

cross section 0.2 mb/sr 0.5 0.005

spectrometer acceptance 0.10 sr 0.05 0.03

spectrometer efficiency 0.8 0.5 0.5×0.5

decay counter acceptance 0.5 0.5 0.5

efficiency for decay p 0.8 0.8 0.8

efficiency for decay n 0.2 0.2 0.2

branching ratio (Ln→nn) 0.1 0.01 -

branching ratio (Lp→np) 0.01 0.1 0.2

nn events/200 shifts 10000 5500 -

np events/200 shifts 4000 220000 4000

expected error level 1.6% 1.5% 4%

Estimated Yields

Strangeness Nuclear Physics Program

Many interesting subjects are waiting for J-PARC

Two LOIs (L06, L10) as Day-1 Experiments

At least, two K- beam lines, K1.8 and K1.1BR, should be available at Day-1.

most of the proposed experiments can be done with these beams.

We will prepare new detectors, SKS’, SPES-II, Hyperball-3, new CDS, etc.

We are ready for Full proposals.

Summary