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Tomofumi NAGAEJ-PARC Project Office
KEK
Hypernuclear Physics Experiments at J-PARC
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Nuclear Physics in the 21st Century
Heavy-Ion Colliders : RHIC, LHC-Alice
QGP at High Temperature
e- and photon beams : JLab, SPring-8, etc.
Structure of proton, Hadron spectroscopy, etc.
Hadron beams : J-PARC, DAFNE, GSI
High-Density Hadronic Matter, Exotic Hadrons
Unstable Nuclear Beams : RIBF, GSI, ISOLs
Isospin Limit, Nuclear Astrophysics
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J-PARC
RHICLHC
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L06: New Generation Spectroscopy of Hadron Many-Body Systems with Strageness S=-2 and -1 (K. Imai et al.)
L07: Hyperon-Proton Scattering Experiments at the 50-GeV PS (M. Ieiri et al.)
L08: High-Resolution Reaction Spectroscopy of S=-1 Hypernuclei (H. Noumi et al.)
L09: Neutron-rich Λ hypernuclei by the double-charge exchange reaction (T. Fukuda et al.)
L10: Study of Dense K Nuclear Systems (T. Nagae et al.)
L21: Precise Measurement of the Nonmesonic Weak Decay of A=4,5 Λ Hypernuclei (S. Ajimura et al.)
LOIs in Strangeness Nuclear Physics
Two LOIs selected as Day-1 Experiments
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L06: New generation spectroscopy of hadron many-body systems with
strangeness S=-2 and -1
K.Imai,M.Nakamura, H.Funahashi, M.Yosoi T.Nagae, M.Ieiri, H.Noumi, H.Outa, M.Sekimoto,
H.Takahashi, Y.Sato, A.Toyoda T.Fukuda, P.K.Saha K.Nakazawa K.Yamamoto, T.Yoshida O.Hashimoto, K.Maeda, H.Tamura, S.N.Nakamura,
T.Takahashi, Y.Fujii,H.Kanda T.Kishimoto, A.Sakaguchi, S.Ajimura, Y.Shimizu,
S.Minami, T.Itahashi, T.Hayakawa M.Iwasaki, K.Itahashi, K.Tanida, Y.Matsuda
Japan J.S.Song, I.G.Park, C.S.Yoon, S.H.Kim J.Y.Kim M.Y.Pac J.K.Ahn, I.K.Yoo H.Bhang, M.Youn
Korea S.Zhou, L.Zhu
China
B.Bassalleck L.Tang P.Markowitz, B.Raue, J.Reinhold M.May, R.E.Chrien, A.Rusek, P.H.Pile S.Choi Ed.Hungerford G.Franklin, R.Schumacher, B.Quinn
USA T.R.Saitoh, A.Banu
Germany J.Arvieux
France P.Kienle, M.Cargnelli, J.Marton, J.Zmeskal
Austria S.Marcello, T.Bressani M.Agnello A.Feliciello
Italy P.Tlusty
Czech
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Strangeness Nuclear PhysicsNew Hadron Many-Body Systems with Strangeness
γ spectroscopy
(K-,K+) spectroscopy
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S=-2 World
H particle mass
A-1(Z-1)+Ξ−BΞ
2xBΛ
Ξ-hypernucleus
Double-Λ hypernucleus
∆BΛΛ< 0 ?
H + (A-2)
Weak Decays
Energy Spectrum of S=-2 systems
Λ−Λ Interaction
Λ∆BΛΛ> 0 ?
∆BΛΛ
BΛ
BΛΛ
A-2(Z-2)+Λ+Λ
A-1Λ(Z-2)+Λ
(A-2)g.s.⊗SΛPΛ
(A-2)g.s.⊗SΛ2
(A-1)g.s.⊗SΞ
(A-1)g.s.⊗PΞ
MH > 2xMΛ - BΛΛ
MH < 2xMΛ - BΛΛ
Λ
A-1ΛΛ(Z-2)+n
Ξ−N Interaction
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Information on S=-2Double Λ hypernuclei
Two old emulsion events(1963,1966)
One recent event in KEK E176(1991)
Nagara event in KEK E373(2001)
Binding energy of
mH>2223.7 MeV/c2
Ξ hypernuclei ?€
ΛΛ6He
Very limited spectroscopic information
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ΞHypernuclei with (K-,K+)
0 1 m
K E K -S K S
BEAM
TARGET
SDC3
SDC4
TOF
AEROGEL
CERENKOV
LUCITE
CERENKOV
1200 MeV/c
1100 MeV/c
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(K-,K+) Spectroscopy
2 MeVFWHM resolution
~6 events/day/MeV for 50 msr, 2g/cm2-thick Pb ~20 days
Ξ- bound region
58Ni(K-,K+) 208Pb(K-,K+)
V0=-24 MeVV0=-16 MeV
MHY-MA (MeV) MHY-MA (MeV)
FoldingWoods-Saxon
V0=-24 MeVV0=-16 MeV
FoldingWoods-Saxon
Ξ- bound region
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Ξ hypernuclei potential ?Λ, Σ-, Ξ-, K- in Neutron Star Core ?
Chemical Potential:
€
µB = mB +kF
2
2mB
+U(kF )
UΣ>0, UΞ<0
UΣ<0, UΞ<0
UΣ>0, UΞ>0
K-
Ξ-
Ξ-
Σ- Λ
ΛΛ
Λ
u=ρ/ρ0
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High-presicion γ spectroscopy of hypernuclei
YN, YY Interactions ΛN : spin-dependent forces, ΛN-ΣN / ΛNN forces, charge symmetry breaking, p-wave interaction ΞN, ΛΛ interactions
Impurity effects B(E2) -> shrinking effect Change of cluster structure/shell structure
Nuclear medium effects B(M1) -> mΛ inside a nucleus
Precise Structure of Λ Hypernuclei
∆E ~ a few keV (FWHM) by Hyperball << ~ 1 MeV by reactions
μΛ
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Hyperball-3
PWO counters
14 sets
r.e.= 350%
effic. > 10% at 1 MeV (x4 of Hyperball) Rate limit ~2x107 particles /s (x5) Yield: x20 for single γ x80 for γγ
PWO counters
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Expected transitions
12C (π+,K+) 12ΛC SKS, ∆E~1.5 MeV(FWHM)
Simulation: K1.1, 10g/cm2, 120 hours
(1-b) Light hypernuclei--12ΛC case
b
a
c
d
g
fe
h ijk
lm
no
p
Angular corr.-> spin assign
-> level scheme
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(1-b) Light hypernuclei Impurity effect
example of 20ΛNe : change of cluster structure
shrinking effect considered
(cluster model)
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MS2MS1
IF
K1.8
K1.1
SKS
SPES-II
T1 TGT
Layout Option - K1.8 and K1.1
MS1MS2
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Layout Option - K1.8+K1.1BR
T1 TGT
MS2MS1IF
K1.8K1.1BR
SKS
SPES-II
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Beam Line Specificationby H. Noumi
K1.8 K1.1 K1.1BR
Length (m) 46.4 24 26.9
Acceptance (msr.%) 2.7 16.5 4.9
Intensity (ppp)
1.8 GeV/c 1.0E+07
1.1 GeV/c 4.9E+05 4.1E+07 1.0E+07
Electro-static Separator
6m-7.5MV/m×2
2m-7.5MV/m×2
6m-5MV/m×1
Separation/Size(rms) 10.8 4.2 6.5
Beam Mom.Resol.(%) 0.07 - 0.05
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L10: Study of Dense Kbar-Nuclear Systems
S =0 NucleiS =-1 NucleiS =-2 Nuclei
0
100
200
300
400
500
Excitation Energy
(MeV)
A [Z]A [Z+1]
A [Z+2]
π-⊗A [Z+1]
Λ ⊗ [Z]A-1
Σ ⊗ [Z+1]A-1-
Σ ⊗ [Z]A-10
Σ ⊗ [Z-1]A-1+
K ⊗ [Z+1]A-
K ⊗ [Z]A0
_
Ξ ⊗ [Z+1]A-1-
Ξ ⊗ [Z]A-10
ΛΛ⊗ [Z]A-2
K-,K
+( )K
-, π+( ), π-
,K+( )
K-, π-( ), π+
,K+( )
K-,N( )
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Formation of High Density State
total B.E. = 221 MeVcentral density = 3.01 fm-3
Rrms= 0.69 fm
ppnK-K-
total B.E. = 118 MeVcentral density = 1.50 fm-3
Rrms= 0.72 fm
total B.E. = 6.0 MeVcentral density = 0.14 fm-3
Rrms= 1.59 fm
ppnK- ppn
Density [fm-3]0.0 1.5 3.0
Density [fm-3]0.00 0.75 1.50
Density [fm-3]0.00 0.07 0.14
4 fm 4 fm 4 fm
E(K) = 110 MeV E(2K) = 213 MeV
Dote et al.ρ>ρ0x10 !!
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Physics ImpactsFormation of Cold(T=0) and Dense(ρ>5 ρ0) nuclear matter
Quark-gluon plasma, color
superconductivity
Chiral symmetry restoration
In-medium KN interactions
Kaon condensation
Neutron star, strange star
NormalNucleus
|<qq>ρ,T|
5ρ0T
300 MeV
TemperatureDensity
ρ
T. Hatsuda and T. Kunihiro, Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 (1985) 158.W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A443 (1993) 59c.
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How to produce ?Single Kaon bound state
(K-,π-) reaction: BNL P967 Nagae
(K-,N) reaction Kishimoto E548
(Stopped K-,n) reaction: KEK E471 Iwasaki E549
Double Kaon bound state
(K-,K+) reaction
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L07: Hyperon-Proton Scattering Experiments M. Ieiri (KEK)K. Imai (Kyoto U.)B. Bassalleck (U.ofNM)P. Tlusty (NPI)
Σ+p→Σ+p pΣ = 450 MeV/c0.3
0.2
0.1
0
-0.10 30 60 90 120 150 180
0 30 60 90 120 150 180θCM (deg)
1.0
0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
Λp→ΛppΛ = 600 MeV/c
0 30 60 90 120 150 180θCM (deg)
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
Λp→ΛppΛ = 600 MeV/c
S=-2 Ξ-p →ΛΛ, Ξ-p→ Ξ-p
PΣ(θ)QCM(RGM-H)QCM(FSS)OBE(NSC)OBE(Julich B)
PΛ(θ) DΛ(θ)
Polarization observables ( ≈ Anti-symmetric spin-orbit)
Toward a Modern picture of “Nuclear Force” Baryon-Baryon Interaction in SU(3)F meson or quark ?
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Estimated Yields
K-
K+
π-
π-
p
pΛ
ΛΞ-
θ_spectrometer
10 cm
CBA
Ξ-p→ ΛΛ
Target 5 cm wide × 20 cm long
A: production 1 cmLiq. Hydrogen
B: degrader 0.5 cmTungsten
C: scattering 2 cmLiq. Hydrogen
K+ spectrometer
θ_spectrometer ~ 25° at center
K- beam (assumption @ LOI)
Intensity 107 K-/sec
Momentum 1.7 GeV/c
Size σ_horizontal 15 mm
σ_vertical 1 mm
100
0
0 400 800 1200PΞ just before decay [MeV/c]
Liquid Hydrogen
Tungsten
Ver
tica
l pos
itio
n [m
m]
Ξ-p → Ξ-p Ξ-p → ΛΛ
• reaction rate [s-1] 0.009 0.0043• 100 days 78000 37000• Detectable number 2300 550
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L08:High-resolution Reaction Spectroscopy of S=-1
HypernucleiY. Fujii, T. Fukuda, O. Hashimoto, H. Noumi,
P.K. Saha, and T. Takahashi
L09:Neutron-Rich Λ Hypernuclei by the Double-Charge
Exchange ReactionT. Fukuda, H. Noumi, and P.K. Saha
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Superfine Structure of Λ hypernuclei
World of ∆E=0.2 MeV
Simulation
E369 Data (89ΛY)
Furtherdecomposition
of the states
0.6mb/sr
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L21: Weak decay measurement of light hypernuclei at J-PARC
Shuhei Ajimura, Osaka University
Nonmesonic decay of A=4, 5 hypernuclei
Allowed initial states for A=4, 5 hypernuclei
Gp(4ΛH), Gn(4ΛHe)
⇒ we can measure 1S0 amplitudes directly.
If ∆I=1/2 rule holds, Gn(4ΛHe)/Gp(4ΛH)=2.
⇒ we can check the validity of the ∆I=1/2 rule in B-B weak interaction.
hypernucleus Λn→nn Λp → np4ΛH 1S0, 3S1 1S04ΛHe 1S0 1S0, 3S1
5ΛHe 1S0, 3S1 1S0, 3S1
Existing experimental results
Gn(4ΛHe) /GΛ=0.01+0.04/-0.01 (KEK), 0.04±0.02(BNL) NP A639(1998)261c
Gp(4ΛHe) /GΛ= 0.16±0.02(KEK), 0.16±0.02(BNL) NP A639(1998)251c
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Decay Counter System∆E – E
∆E – TOF
- thin plastic counter surrounding target(∆E)
- outer plastic stack(E)
- tracking by DC- neutrons by TOF
π0 Spectrometer: ∆E=2 MeV
Detectors
4ΛH 4ΛHe 5ΛHebeam intensity 5×106 K-/3.4 sec 5×106 K- 1×107 π+
target thickness 0.125 g/cm2 1.25 4
cross section 0.2 mb/sr 0.5 0.005
spectrometer acceptance 0.10 sr 0.05 0.03
spectrometer efficiency 0.8 0.5 0.5×0.5
decay counter acceptance 0.5 0.5 0.5
efficiency for decay p 0.8 0.8 0.8
efficiency for decay n 0.2 0.2 0.2
branching ratio (Ln→nn) 0.1 0.01 -
branching ratio (Lp→np) 0.01 0.1 0.2
nn events/200 shifts 10000 5500 -
np events/200 shifts 4000 220000 4000
expected error level 1.6% 1.5% 4%
Estimated Yields
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Strangeness Nuclear Physics Program
Many interesting subjects are waiting for J-PARC
Two LOIs (L06, L10) as Day-1 Experiments
At least, two K- beam lines, K1.8 and K1.1BR, should be available at Day-1.
most of the proposed experiments can be done with these beams.
We will prepare new detectors, SKS’, SPES-II, Hyperball-3, new CDS, etc.
We are ready for Full proposals.
Summary