hybrid buses nov 21 2012

7/30/2019 Hybrid Buses Nov 21 2012

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Hybrid Buses

November 21, 2012

Transit Commission


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Timelines

Fleet Emission

Reduction Strategy

Hybrid Bus

Implementation Plan

Procurement of

diesel-electric

estimated at 226

buses by 2009

Two lead buses

procured to enter

service in 2008

Two hybrid buses

enter service for a

pilot project

Subsequent order of

95 hybrid buses for

2009 delivery and 80

hybrid buses for 2010

delivery for a total of

177 hybrid buses

Phase 1: Hybrid Technology

and Feasibility Study

Phase 2: Hybrid Bus Acquisition

Phase 3: Preparations to

Introduction

Phase 4: Hybrid Bus Performance

Analysis

Phase 1 begins:

NRC Feasibility Study


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NRC FindingsHybrid Bus Feasibility Study Findings:

1. Buses be targeted to specific routes in Ottawa: such as the 2, 85, 18 and 14

2. 17% to 26% savings realized during the trials

3. Fuel savings will be realized on routes that are presently served by 60 foottherefore, consider operating a mixed fleet of 40 foot and 60 foot hybrid electric

buses or perhaps exclusively 60 foot buses

4. Hybrid systems will not provide sufficient fuel savings on low-stop frequency andhigh-speed routes such as 95, 96 or rural routes to offset initial cost

5. NRC recommends that the hybrid electric drive should be sourced from a singlesupplier


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1. Additional capital cost is estimated between $270,000 to $324,000 each(including taxes)

2. One-time infrastructure cost is estimated at $900,000, plus initial training costsfor operators and mechanics, and one full-time equivalent (FTE) required in theFleet Services to manage technical support

3. Estimated offsets:

- 2/3 subsidy of the hybrid system by the Government of Ontario

- Fuel cost savings of 17 to 26 percent based on annual new bus mileage of75,000 km at current ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel cost of $0.752/L with an

annual inflation of four percent

- Reduced net maintenance costs of 2.5 % consideringincreases for battery system and savings on brakes and engines

NRC Findings (Cont)


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1. Payback period of less than six years is estimated with an 80 percent level ofconfidence

1. The technological change to diesel-electric hybrid has risk elements that areconsidered LOW and manageable

2. If no provincial subsidy is provided, the payback period will be extended to

approximately 16 years

3. Greenhouse gases will be reduced to an amount equivalent to fuel saving,approximately 17 to 26 percent. For a fleet of 226 hybrid buses, an annualreduction of 6,500 to 10,000 tonnes of greenhouse gases is estimated --equivalent to removing 850 to 1,350 commuting cars off the road every day.

NRC Findings (Cont)


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Optimal Operating Environment Specific route characteristics are required:

High stop density and low speed routes

Fuel savings will not be gained on low-stop frequency and high-speedroutes

Minimize idling Diesel engine is used when idling

Fuel costs Average fuel consumption of a hybrid bus is 1.60L/km,whereas the average fuel consumption for current 40 diesel buses is

1.64L/km


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Challenges Any high speed use will quickly erode projected

savings

Mixed routes (stop-and-go routes combined with

higher speed route) will also erode projectedsavings

In order to meet service, Hybrid buses will be used

despite the fact that they are assigned to mis-matched routes


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Challenges A battery pack, which has a life span of 6-8 years, costs approximately

$29,000 and has to be replaced over the life of the vehicle

Current lifecycle Capital budget is 15 years

The Alternating Currant Traction Motor (ACTM) for hybrid bus have ahigh failure rate and would be replaced if EPA Clean Diesel engines

are installed

Current bus also experiencing cracking of engine cradles we areattempting to recover costs fromOrion & Daimler

Bus manufacturer (Orion) is no longer in business

Orion will not be taking new bus orders, but will honour allcommitments and warranties.


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Where are we with Hybrids?

Important to compare hybrids with buses they replaced new buses have fuelefficient clean burning engines

Bus assignments have been reviewed and are monitored daily within 3% onaverage

Buses are approaching 5 years - now is the ideal time to explore alternativeoptions in advance of mid-life repairs

Batteries are not covered under warranty beyond the 4-year mark

Cracked Frame issue is being pursued Note: if EPA diesel engines are installed, cracked frame can be

fixed/replaced at the same time


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Where are we with Hybrids? (Cont) Current performance:Less fuel yes, just not enough

Less emissions yes

Fuel monitoring with route assignment will assess if weare making any improvements


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Current Status If we continue using Hybrid buses:

Warranty with BAE expires August 2013, with anoption to renew for a year

The buses are coming to mid-life and will be subject to

engine repairs

Once warranty expires, OC Transpo is not set up andwe require capital costs and resources


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Current StatusOC Transpo has met with BAE Systems and they have confirmed thefollowing:

BAE Systems values the relationship with OC Transpo, and remains committedto support its fleet of hybrid buses.

BAE will continue to work cooperatively with OC Transpo to maximize the

benefits of hybrid technology while minimizing lifecycle costs through: Conducting workshop reviews of in-service data, service reports, and

operational objectives;

Based on shared data, developing and implementing plans to improve on

existing performance;

Customizing support and service offerings that match OC Transpos initiativesfrom mid-life through end of useful life.


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Options

All options will be explored they include:

Working with BAE on extended warranties, lowerlifecycle costs, etc. all batteries to date changed outunder good will policy by BAE

Retrofitting to Diesel

Explore selling/trade in as part of future purchases ofbuses

Use of hybrids during LRT construction


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Funding in 2013 Budget

The $550,000 will provide for the following options we are

proposing: Hybrid to diesel conversion of 4-5 hybrid buses

All parts required for the conversion process

Research and Development (OCT Engineers, Cummins

Manufacturing, NRC) All technology will be owned by OC Transpo

Research and development costs are a one-time cost

Moving forward, retrofitting hybrid buses to diesel engines

will cost significantly less per unit (approximately $60,000per bus)


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QUESTIONS?

hybrid buses nov 21 2012

Documents