human trafficking: 101 tricia shields rn msn sane dvne jill brummett rn msn sane dvne missy cain bsn
TRANSCRIPT
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HUMAN TRAFFICKING: 101
TRICIA SHIELDS RN MSN SANE DVNE
JILL BRUMMETT RN MSN SANE DVNE
MISSY CAIN BSN
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OVERVIEW: Definition of human trafficking Trafficking statistics Identifying victims of human trafficking Red flag indicators of trafficking Cases of trafficking General health issues related to
trafficking Responding to victims of trafficking
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HUMAN TRAFFICKING: WHAT IS IT?Modern- day form of slavery
The US State Department’s office defines two forms of trafficking: SEX & LABOR
Victims subjected to force, fraud or coercion for the purpose of sex or labor
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KEY ELEMENTS OF TRAFFICKING:
FORCE- Rape, beatings, confinement
FRAUD- Includes false and deceptive offers of employment, marriage, and/or better life
COERCION- Threats of serious harm, physical restraint; any scheme, plan, or intention to cause victims to believe that failure to perform act would result in restraint or abuse
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TYPES OF TRAFFICKING: SEX TRAFFICKING- A commercial sex
act induced BY FORCE, FRAUD, OR COERCION, or in which the person induced to perform such act is <18
LABOR TRAFFICKING- The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor services, THROUGH THE USE OF FORCE, FRAUD, OR COERCION
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RECENT TRAFFICKING STATISTICS: In 2010, 49, 105 human trafficking
victims worldwide were identified; a 59% increase over the previous reporting year
Human trafficking has become a $12 billion a year global industry
Between 14,500 and 17,500 individuals are trafficked into the United States each year
More than half of those victims are children
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Healthcare professionals are among the 1st to
encounter trafficking victims while they are
being held by their traffickers!!
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OUR ROLE AS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS:Assess and Identify human trafficking cases
Provide culturally-sensitive questioning which may break the silence and afford the patient the opportunity for rescue
Provide holistic, comprehensive care in a safe setting
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WHO ARE THE VICTIMS/PATIENTS?
Anyone: US citizens, immigrants, foreign nationals, old, young, male, female
Historically- Non-English speaking Unfamiliar with U.S. culture or laws Isolated individuals Those fearful of healthcare providers,
government, police Individuals that are watched, escorted,
guarded, or “coached” Individuals in poor health by the time they
seek medical attention
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WHO ARE THE TRAFFICKERS?Male and female Usually same ethnicity as victim
Foreign Nationals and U.S. Citizens
Often speak multiple languages Sometimes member of organized crime
Looking for a profit…no matter the cost
Stranger, acquaintance, friend, family member, pimp
Often have a legal immigration status
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Evidence of being controlled Evidence of inability to move or leave a job Bruises or other signs of physical abuse Fearful and/or submissive Not speaking on own behalf and/or non-English speaking No passport or other forms of identification, documents, or money Frequent relocation Numerous inconsistencies in his/her story Avoids eye contact Individual is using false identification papers Claims of just visiting and inability to clarify where he/she is staying Lack of knowledge of whereabouts and/or does not know what city he/she
is in Has few or no personal possessions
RED FLAG INDICATORS:
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RED FLAG INDICATORS OF MINOR SEX TRAFFICKING:
Excess amount of cash Hotel room keys Signs of branding Lying about age/false identification Lack of knowledge of a given community Presence of over- controlling and abusive
“boyfriend” Restricted/ scripted communication Exhibits behaviors including hyper-vigilance or
paranoia, nervous, submissive
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WHERE CAN VICTIMS/PATIENTS BE FOUND:
Sex Trafficking:Asian Massage Parlors,
Strip ClubsNail Salons
Street ProstitutionEscort Services
Truck StopsLatino Residential
BrothelsHotels/Motels
Labor Trafficking:Domestic Service
RestaurantsFarms
FactoriesHousekeepingConstructionCandy Sales
Door-to-Door Magazine Sales
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HT IN KY:
Grand Jury Indicts Human Trafficking Suspect
May 15, 2008, Lexington, KYThe Lexington Herald-Leader reports
a Fayette County Grand Jury indicted Calvin Walker on two human trafficking charges
Police say Walker lured two women to Lexington then forced them to work at a strip club took their money kept them from leaving
SEX TRAFFICKING
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• FBI Investigating Elizabethtown human trafficking case Jun 24, 2011
• A prominent Central Kentucky doctor and his ex-wife are facing federal charges
• Illegal immigrant as a maid • The couple promised her a monthly
salary- However, the woman said she was paid $20,000 total during her 12 years of labor
• They took the woman's passport• They told the woman she'd be
arrested and deported if she left the house
• Holding her against her will.... from 1994 to 2006…(12YRS)
LABOR TRAFFICKING
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Parents indicted for human trafficking-May 20, 2011
RICHMOND — Two Madison County parents were indicted on human trafficking charges
(could spend up to 20 years in prison for allegedly selling the sexual favors of their teenage daughters)
Duvall interviewed both girls, who told him their mother “made them go out with guys for money, food and clothing.” IDENTIFIED:
Foley Middle School teacher called Richmond Police to report two students from her school dressed “inappropriately” as they stood in front of the cinema at Richmond Centre.The girls were dressed in “lacy, hot-pink negligee-like tops, tight jeans and boots,” …temperature was in the 30s.
HISTORY:Anthony and Kathy Hart have had
brushes with the law …
In late 2002, both were indicted by a Boyle County grand jury on the child-selling charge, but the case against Kathy Hart was dismissed
in 2004.
SEX TRAFFICKING
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Kentucky Man Awaits Trial for Human TraffickingOctober 2010 COVINGTON: A convicted child molester will be the subject of Kenton County's first human trafficking case. Bobby Jo Perry II (39yrs) was found guilty of sodomy- He is accused of selling a boy he sodomized to another pedophile. Perry will be brought to trial a second time under Kentucky's three-year-old human trafficking law. The victim, who was eleven at the time, testified against him.
SEX TRAFFICKING
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• Gas Station laborForce, fraud, coercion (male/female) -Florence worker
• Porn, Strip Clubs, Prostitution/Massage Parlors (minors & adults)-Ft. Thomas
• Video Shop Manager- Kenwood
Domestic ServitudeNannies, housekeepers- Forced marriage, mail order bridesRestaurant workers in Ft. Wright
Other Trafficking Cases/Victims in Southern Ohio/Northern KY:
We are just scratchingthe surface…
LABOR & SEX TRAFFICKING
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Labor Camps/Sweatshops/Brothels Blacked out windows
Man trap doors
Security cameras
High walls
Buzz-in Entrance
Security intended to keep victims confined
Barbed wire
• Self-contained camps
• Bouncers, guards, and/or guard dogs
• Restricted or controlled communication
• Frequently moved by traffickers
• Large number of occupants for living space
• Bars on windows
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Kentucky Rescue & Restore Data:
LABOR & SEX TRAFFICKING
KY RR MAY 2011 Stats:• 59 Cases identified in KY
since 2008
• 123 Victims Served
• KY RR Services include: • housing, advocacy, medical
care, interpretation/translation, family reunification, visa assistance, etc.
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HEALTH CARE OF HT VICTIM/PATIENT:
Preventative healthcare virtually non- existent Typically not treated in early stages Healthcare frequently administered by
unqualified “doctor” hired by the trafficker Healthcare provided with no regard for
disease, infection, or contamination control
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GENERAL HEALTH ISSUES WITH HT: Inhumane living
conditions- exposure to infectious diseases
Poor sanitation Inadequate nutrition Poor personal
hygiene/dental care
Brutal physical & emotional abuse
Dangerous work-place conditions
Lack of quality medical care- undetected/ untreated diseases
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HEALTH ISSUES AMONG SEX TRAFFICKING:
STD’S: HIV/AIDS Gonorrhea Syphilis Pelvic
Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Pubic Lice Human
Papillomavirus (HPV)
FEMALE SPECIFIC:
Unwanted pregnancies
Sterility Miscarriages Menstrual
Problems Infertility Mutilations
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HEALTH ISSUES AMONG LABOR TRAFFICKING:Chronic back pain
Respiratory Illness
Cardiovascular Problems
Poor Eyesight
Poor Hearing
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Diabetes Cancer Female /Male
Reproductive Problems
CHRONIC HEALTH
CONDITIONS-
INFECTIOUS HEALTH
CONDITIONS- TB HEPATITIS MALARIA PNEUMONIA/
ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
HIV/AIDS
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Physical Risks HT Patient:
Drug and Alcohol Abuse and/or Addiction
Physical Injuries Traumatic Brain Injuries
Suicide or Death
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Physical Injuries HT Patients:
Broken Bones Concussions Burns Strangulation Contusions Vaginal/ anal tears or injuries Tattoo or Branding
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Many patients develop Traumatic Bonding or Stockholm Syndrome:Characterized by cognitive distortions
Reciprocal positive feelings develop between captors and their hostages
Bond is type of human survival instinct
Helps the victim cope with the captivity
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Patients also suffer fromPsychological Trauma:
Depression PTSD Phobias Insomnia Physical
Hyper-alertness
Self-loathing
Anxiety or panic attacks
Feelings of helplessness, shame, denial, disbelief, or humiliation
Cultural shock
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WHERE MIGHT A HT VICTIM BE INTERCEPTED?
• Places of Transport / Travel Centers• Bus stations, airports (domestic and intl.), truck stops/gas stations, rest
areas
• **Businesses where Alcohol is Sold**• Liquor stores, strip clubs, hotel restaurants
• Hotels / Motels• Highway hotels, upper-class hotels, rural motels, airport hotels
• College Campus• Traffickers / pimps may recruit victims on college campuses, College
restaurants/bars
• Shopping Center/ Youth Hangouts• Mall• Skate Park• YMCA• Flea Market• Local cinema• Neighborhood Store
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Patients in a Trafficking Situation- feel trapped
with no safe way out
have limited knowledge of their rights and legal options
have limited personal freedoms
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OPEN COMMUNICATION IS KEY TO SURVIVAL-
• May not Identify as Victim
• Distrust of healthcare providers
• Unaware of rights
Treat as a patient, NOT a criminal. Reiterate “What is happening to you is wrong.”
We are here to help you. We can protect you and get you the health care you need and deserve- You can trust us.
You have rights. You have the right to live without being abused.
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TRAFFICKING VICTIMS IMMEDIATE NEEDS:
Immediate assistance Housing, food, medical, safety and security, language interpretation and legal services
Mental health assistance Counseling, rehabilitation
Income assistance Cash, living assistance
Legal assistance Immigration, civil, criminal, rights
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Path
P.A.T.H.
Education&
Outreach
Law Enforceme
ntAdvocacy
Legal Advocacy
VictimAdvocacy
Partnership Against the Trafficking of HumansP.A.T.H. is a victim focused partnership of professional organizations, community agencies,
and volunteers committed to the Prevention of human trafficking through education and training; Protecting victims and survivors through rescue and holistic services; and
ensuring the Prosecution of traffickers through legal advocacy.
Providing Materials, Education & Trainingfor individuals, agencies, & organizations
Increasing Awareness & Identification of Victims
Help meet needs of victims such as:Food, shelter, clothing, counseling,
Language advocacy, & more
Helping victims with legal assistance, Immigration options, KY legislation, &
Criminal prosecution of traffickers
Rescue & Protection of victimsCase Investigation
Criminal prosecution of traffickers
www.pathnky.org www.wccky.org
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Contact & Resources
Mary [email protected]
859-491-3335
Women’s Crisis Center(Various Locations)
National HT Hotline1.888.3737.888
Look Beneath the Surface…
Kentucky Rescue & Restore: www.rescueandrestoreky.org
Partnership Against the Trafficking of Humans
WWW.PATHNKY.ORGFind out how you can help locally!
Facebook: PATH
DHHS Rescue & Restore:www.rescueandrestore.org
Polaris Project:www.polarisproject.org
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Questions???