human resource management introduction. definition the implementation of the strategies, plans, and...

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Human Resource Management Introduction

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Page 1: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Human Resource Management

Introduction

Page 2: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Definition

The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward, and retain the best people to meet the organizational goals and operational objectives of the hospitality enterprise.

Page 3: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

服務業 vs. 製造業

何為服務業 ?

何為製造業 ?

服務業與製造業之異同 ?

Page 4: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

服務特質

Intangibility 無形性 難以計算,測量,儲存

Heterogeneity 異質性 服務品質因人而異

Customer participation 顧客參與 生產與消費同時產生

Page 5: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

服務類型

Professional service 專業服務 人際互動為副產品

醫生、律師

Personal service 個人服務 人際互動為主要的服務經驗

旅館服務、休閒服務

Page 6: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

觀光、休閒、餐旅事業

觀光休閒

餐旅 人的產業

Page 7: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

人的問題 >事的問題

Page 8: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

人的產業

適合的人才,才是公司最重要的資產

Page 9: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

“You can get capital and buildings, but it takes PEOPLE to build a business”

--T. Watson

Page 10: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

人力結構比較

製造業 : 金字塔結構

服務業 : 倒金字塔結構

基層員工

各級幹部

總經理

董事長

第一線服務員工

各級幹部

總經理董事長

Page 11: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Service Profit Chain 服務利潤連鎖效應

外部服務品質內部服務品質

Employee

satisfactionEmployee retention

Customer satisfaction

Customer retention

Profit

Page 12: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

公司要想藉由人力資源 (people) 取得經營優勢 , 則其人力資源需具備下列條件 資源具有價值性 (The resources must be of

value) 資源具有稀有性 (The resources must be rar

e) 資源需妥善配置 (The resources must be org

anized) 資源無法被模仿 (The resources must be diff

icult to imitate)

Page 13: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Goals of HRM

“ARM” 吸引 (attract), 保留 (retain) 並激勵 (motivate) 員工

Integrate individuals goals to meet organization’s goals. 結合公司發展計畫及員工個人生涯計畫

Page 14: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

HRM Functions

Staffing Planning, recruitment, and selection

Training and development Socialization, orientation, training, and

development Motivation

Job design, compensation, benefits, performance evaluation, and employee involvement

Maintenance Employee commitment, communication,

employee relation

Page 15: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

人力資源管理之內外環境衝擊

外部環境衝擊

政府法令

企業全球化

競爭白熱化

成本精簡

科技取代人力

HRM

Staffing

Training

Motivation

Maintenance

內部體質改變

人力多元化

工作態度改變

Page 16: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

外部環境衝擊

政府法令 勞基法 週休二日

對 HR 影響 薪資標準 人力調配

Page 17: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Globalization 企業全球化 外商公司駐進 企業海外投資 ( 南洋 , 中國大陸 )

對 HR 影響 外調人力之訓練與安排 當地公司人員招募及訓練 薪資及福利制度的調整 人員協調與溝通

Page 18: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

市場競爭激烈 本土企業競爭激烈 台灣加入 WTO , 開放對外市場,競爭白熱化

對 HR 影響 提高員工生產力 利用“人才”提高競爭力

More focus on training, compensation, and motivation

Page 19: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Cost containment 成本減縮 減少人力成本

對 HR 影響 企業減肥 (Downsizing) Pay cut/Hour cut 獎勵自動離職或提前退休

Page 20: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

科技取代人力 Computers/Internet On-line reservation Automatic check in/out system

對 HR 影響 New recruitment channel (internet) More training to catch up new technology Human Resources Information System (HRIS)

Page 21: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

內部體質改變 Diverse workforce 人力多元化

女性 / 二度就業者投入職場 銀髮族勞動力增加 六年級生七年級生加入職場 引進外勞 鼓勵兼職 身心障礙員工加入職場

對HR影響 招募策略改變 彈性工時 彈性福利制度 不同的訓練需求提高

Page 22: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

工作態度改變 忠誠度降低 重視工作、家庭與休閒的平衡 不同世代員工,觀念想法分歧

對 HR 影響 Communication 充分授權 彈性工時 Job redesign

Page 23: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

餐旅觀光從業人員工作特質

勞工密集

頻繁人際互動

只有顧客情緒,沒有個人情緒

體能 (physical labor), 智能 (intellectual labor), & 情緒勞務 (emotional labor)

Page 24: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

Emotional Labor 情緒勞務 工作職掌需員工管理私人情緒並依工作角色需求呈現某種特定情緒

員工的情續表達具有商業價值 (emotional labor is sold for a wage and has exchange value)

情緒腳本 Displayed Rules Show an upbeat attitude at every table Put energy into guest interaction

Page 25: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

情緒勞務特徵 面對面或聲音對聲音接觸 在客人心中引發某種情續狀態 ( 快樂或悲傷 ) 管理者有權干涉員工的情續表達

表演類比 服務人員 = 演員 客人 = 觀眾 工作場所 =劇場

Page 26: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

How to perform emotional labor?

Surface acting 表層表演

Deep acting 深層表演

Genuine acting 真誠表演

Page 27: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

情緒勞務對服務人員之影響 正面影響

Financial rewards Intrinsic rewards Job security & job satisfaction

Emotion Harmony

People-Job Fit

Page 28: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

情緒勞務對服務人員的影響

負面影響 生理 : 頭痛,高血壓,胃痛 心理 : 情緒低潮,沮喪,自卑

Emotive dissonance 情續失調

People-Job Doesn’t Fit

Page 29: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

倒垃圾,請找別人

Page 30: Human Resource Management Introduction. Definition The implementation of the strategies, plans, and programs required to attract, motivate, develop, reward,

如何管理情緒勞工 ?