human physiology homeostasis & feedback systems chemistry review ch. 1
TRANSCRIPT
Human Physiology
Homeostasis & feedback systemsChemistry Review
Ch. 1
Homeostasis
If the blood concentration of sodium deviates below normal (normal range: 135-145 mEq/L), a typical response expected would be a(an)______ in sodium concentration.
ANSWER
Homeostasis
If the blood concentration of sodium deviates below normal (normal range: 135-145 mEq/L), a typical response expected would be a(an) increase in sodium concentration.
Homeostasis
The increasingly forceful uterine contractions during childbirth are an example of _____.
ANSWER
Homeostasis
The increasingly forceful uterine contractions during childbirth are an example of positive.
Homeostasis Shiv is at a football game on a very cold night and begins to shiver. Mark the letter(s) which indicate(s) when he began shivering ___. This graph is an example of ______ feedback.
ANSWER
Homeostasis Shiv is at a football game on a very cold night and begins to shiver. Mark the letter(s) which indicate(s) when he began shivering AB This graph is an example of negative feedback.
Homeostasis
Choose the term that best describes the following: “the internal environment is never absolutely constant…conditions are stabilized above and below the set point”.A. Negative feedback.B. Positive feedback.C. Dynamic constancy.D. Equilibrium.
ANSWER
Homeostasis
Choose the term that best describes the following: “the internal environment is never absolutely constant…conditions are stabilized above and below the set point”.A. Negative feedback.B. Positive feedback.C. Dynamic constancy.D. Equilibrium.
Homeostasis
Assuming a normal range of a physiological condition above, mark the letter which represents the activation of a sensor __ and mark the letter that represents the activation of an effector __.
ANSWER
Homeostasis
Assuming a normal range of a physiological condition above, mark the letter which represents the activation of a sensor A and mark the letter that represents the activation of an effector B.
Organs and Organ Systems
Regulation of blood volume and composition is part of the _________ system.
ANSWER
Organs and Organ Systems
Regulation of blood volume and composition is part of the urinary system.
Organs and Organ Systems
Thermoregulation is a function of all of the following systems except theA. integumentary system.B. skeletal system.C. muscular system.D. nervous system.
ANSWER
Organs and Organ Systems
Thermoregulation is a function of all of the following systems except theA. integumentary system.B. skeletal system.C. muscular system.D. nervous system.
Organs and Systems
Arrange the following from the simplest to the most complex order: a. Cells b. Organs c. Tissues d. Organ systems e. MoleculesCorrect order: __ →__ → __ → __ → __.
ANSWER
Organs and Systems
Arrange the following from the simplest to the most complex order: a. Cells b. Organs c. Tissues d. Organ systems e. MoleculesCorrect order: e →a → c → b → d.
Organs and Systems
Graying of hair with age is caused by the loss of __________ stem cells.
ANSWER
Organs and Systems
Graying of hair with age is caused by the loss of melanocyte stem cells.
Organs and SystemsDamage to a specific neuron in the brain could control a vital function such as breathing. This example suggests that A. all neurons are involved in controlling breathing.B. different levels of organizations are interdependent. C. any cell can affect any function.D. the neuron’s function is to regulate breathing only.
ANSWER
Damage to a specific neuron in the brain could control a vital function such as breathing. This example suggests that A. all neurons are involved in controlling breathing.B. different levels of organizations are interdependent. C. any cell can affect any function.D. the neuron’s function is to regulate breathing only.
Organs and Systems
Body-Fluid Compartments
About 65% of the total body water is in the a. intracellular compartmentb. plasmac. interstitial fluidd. extracellular fluid
ANSWER
Body-Fluid Compartments
About 65% of the total body water is in the a. intracellular compartmentb. plasmac. interstitial fluidd. extracellular fluid
Body-Fluid Compartments
Extracellular fluidA. consists of the interstitial fluid and plasma.B. is part of the cytoplasm and surrounds the organelles.C. makes up about two-thirds of the body fluids.
ANSWER
Body-Fluid Compartments
Extracellular fluidA. consists of the interstitial fluid and plasma.B. is part of the cytoplasm and surrounds the organelles.C. makes up about two-thirds of the body fluids.
Body-Fluid Compartments
The connective tissue matrix is part of theA. intracellular fluid.B. extracellular fluid.C. plasma.
ANSWER
Body-Fluid Compartments
The connective tissue matrix is part of theA. intracellular fluid.B. extracellular fluid.C. plasma.
Body-Fluid Compartments The endocrine glands release their secretionsA. into their own ducts.B. into plasma.C. into intracellular fluid.D. on the surface of their epithelial membranes.
ANSWER
The endocrine glands release their secretionsA. into their own ducts.B. into plasma.C. into intracellular fluid.D. on the surface of their epithelial membranes.
Body-Fluid Compartments
Body-Fluid Compartments
Internal environment refers to A. plasma.B. intracellular fluid.C. interstitial fluid.D. extracellular fluid.
ANSWER
Body-Fluid Compartments
Internal environment refers to A. plasma.B. intracellular fluid.C. interstitial fluid.D. extracellular fluid.
pH
Blood pH remains constant despite the release of acids due to the A. presence of large amount of water.B. buffering action of bicarbonate.C. presence of NaOH, a strong base.D. acid being diverted to kidneys.
ANSWER
Blood pH remains constant despite the release of acids due to the A. presence of large amount of water.B. buffering action of bicarbonate.C. presence of NaOH, a strong base.D. acid being diverted to kidneys.
pH
Solution A has a pH of 7.46 and solution B has a pH of 7.32. Which of the following situation is true?A. Solution A is more acidic than solution BB. Solution B is more alkaline than solution AC. Solution A contains a higher concentration of H + ions than solution B.D. Solution B contains a higher concentration of H + ions than solution A.
ANSWER
pH
Solution A has a pH of 7.46 and solution B has a pH of 7.32. Which of the following situation is true?A. Solution A is more acidic than solution BB. Solution B is more alkaline than solution AC. Solution A contains a higher concentration of H + ions than solution B.D. Solution B contains a higher concentration of H + ions than solution A.
pH
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates A. serve as a major structural component of cells.B. form enzymes.C. serve as body’s important source of energy.D. protect and support delicate structures.
ANSWER
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates A. serve as a major structural component of cells.B. form enzymes.C. serve as body’s important source of energy.D. protect and support delicate structures.
Carbohydrates
Humans store monosaccharides in the form of a polysaccharide called ______.
ANSWER
Carbohydrates
Humans store monosaccharides in the form of a polysaccharide called glycogen.
Carbohydrates
A dehydration synthesis between glucose and fructose results in _______.
ANSWER
Carbohydrates
A dehydration synthesis between glucose and fructose results in sucrose.
Lipids
A rapid breakdown of fat such as during low carbohydrate diet and in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus results in a condition called _____. If it leads to acidic pH, the condition is called __________.
ANSWER
Lipids
A rapid breakdown of fat such as during low carbohydrate diet and in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus results in a condition called ketosis. If it leads to acidic pH, the condition is called ketoacidosis.
Lipids
__________ are a family of regulatory compounds derived from a membrane lipid known as arachidonic acid.
ANSWER
Lipids
Prostaglandins are a family of regulatory compounds derived from a membrane lipid known as arachidonic acid.
Lipids
An anorexic 18-year old is suffering from amenorrhea, the absence of menstrual cycles along with many other clinical symptoms. Her lab results show a very low blood estrogen and progesterone levels. Her lipid profile shows that she has decreased levels of _________.
ANSWER
Lipids
An anorexic 18-year old is suffering from amenorrhea, the absence of menstrual cycles along with many other clinical symptoms. Her lab results show a very low blood estrogen and progesterone levels. Her lipid profile shows that she has decreased levels of cholesterol.
Nucleic Acids
A nucleotide is made of _______, _________ and __________.
ANSWER
Nucleic Acids
A nucleotide is made of sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen.
Nucleic Acids
Complementary base pairing requires a ________ bond.
ANSWER
Nucleic Acids
Complementary base pairing requires a hydrogen bond.
Nucleic Acids
The four elements that make up the nucleic acids are _________, ________, ________ and ________.
ANSWER
Nucleic Acids
The four elements that make up the nucleic acids are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.
Nucleic Acids
All of the following are true regarding DNA and RNA except that bothA. contain pentose sugars.B. contain purines and pyrimidines.C. have adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.D. have phosphate groups.
ANSWER
Nucleic Acids
All of the following are true regarding DNA and RNA except that bothA. contain pentose sugars.B. contain purines and pyrimidines.C. have adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine.D. have phosphate groups.