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Human Body Systems Unit 2

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Page 1: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Human Body Systems

Unit 2

Page 2: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Skeletal System

• Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions:– Shape and support for body– Protects internal organs– Movement – attached to major muscles– Blood cells are formed in red marrow at center of

bones– Stores minerals like calcium for later use.

Page 3: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Skeletal SystemDay #2

Page 4: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Bone Structure

• Bones are alive, and therefore grow and develop.– Periosteum – tough membrane covering surface– Compact bone – hard, strong layer under periosteum– Spongy bone – found towards ends of long bones; with

many small spaces within it:• Marrow: soft, connective tissue found in spaces. red marrow

produces blood cells; yellow marrow stores fat as energy reserve.

– Cartilage – rubbery layer of tissue found at ends of bones where they form joints.

Page 5: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Page 6: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Joints• Any place where two or more bones come

together is a joint, held in place by tough band of tissue – ligament (bone to bone). Tendon connects muscle to bone.– Immoveable Joint – allows little or NO movement– Pivot Joint – one bone rotates around another– Ball and Socket – rounded end of one bone fits into

cup-like structure of another– Hinge Joints – back and forth movement– Gliding Joint – one part of bone slides over another.

Page 7: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Type of Joints

BALL & SOCKET HINGE

Day #2

Page 8: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Type of Joints

GLIDING PIVOT

Day #2

Page 9: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Muscular System• Muscle: an organ that can

relax and contract, providing the force to move the body.– Voluntary muscle: muscles

you are able to control• Examples: bicep, abdominal

– Involuntary muscle: muscles you CANNOT control• Examples: muscles in

organs, heart.

Page 10: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Types of Muscle Tissue• Skeletal Muscle: Mostly Voluntary

muscles attached to bones of skeleton. Tire easily.– Tendons: strong connective tissue

attaching muscle to bone.• Smooth Muscle: Involuntary

muscles found in internal organs. React and tire more slowly.

• Cardiac Muscle: Involuntary muscle found ONLY in the heart. Does NOT get tired; contractions are your heartbeats.

Page 11: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Types of Muscles

Cardiac Smooth

Skeleton

Day #2

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_guSOnFRs_Ks/TNvHCnIBuDI/AAAAAAAAAQs/0X6MaLP_dYE/s1600/cardiac_muscle.jpg

Page 12: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

Working Together• Muscle cells can only

contract, not extend. Therefore, skeletal muscles must work in pairs.– One muscle contracts (flexor), – The other muscle relaxes to its

original length (extensor)

Page 13: Human Body Systems Unit 2. Skeletal System Skeleton- made up of all the bones in your body – 206 bones. 5 major functions: – Shape and support for body

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