PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE(History)

By: Mark Ian C. TagamiBEEd II-A

Prof. Maybelle Sta. MariaHumanities Teacher

POINTERS:The history and culture of the Philippines are reflected in its architectural heritage.

Factors to consider in building a house:1. Setting (geography)2. Climate3. Availability of resources

Pre-Spanish Period

Cave*A natural chamber or series of chambers in the earth or in the side of a hill or cliff.

Example:Tabon Cave in Palawan

*Ancient cave dwellers exists in carved figures on cave walls, which was called Philippine mural

Primitive Hut*Made up of tree branches and leaves

*Portable shelter

*Protect from rain and heat of the sun

Tree House*It is built 2 to 20 meters above the ground

*Protection from floods, wild animals and enemies

*It is mostly found in Northern Luzon and Mindanao

Bahay Kubo (Nipa Hut)*It is an icon of Philippine culture as it represents "bayanihan" - a spirit of communal unity or effort to achieve a particular objective.

*Traditional construction materials are bamboo tied together and covered with a thatched roof using nipa or anahaw leaves.

*It is a house that “breaths”.

Spanish Period(Antillian Architecture)

Forts*A strong and fortified place that is also a permanent army post during the Spanish Era

Plazas*A public square in a city or town *An open area usually located near urban buildings and walkways

Fort Santiago

Plaza Miranda

Churches*It was built at the center of the town by the town plaza.

*It was made up of adobe (volcanic tuff) stone, coral stone or brick

*It is in rectangular form. Its walls are high and thick and are supported by buttresses

San Agustin Church

(Paoay, Ilocos Norte)

Sta. Monica Chruch

(Sarrat, Ilocos Norte)

St. John the Baptist Church

Quiapo, Manila

*Inside Sta. Monica Chruch

Government Building (Capitol)

*It was just a meter away from the respective church in the place

*It was the house of higher rank persons before such as Spanish friars

Bahay na Bato (Stone House)*The 19th-Century townhouses

*Typical house of noble Filipinos

*It is a mixture of native Filipino, Spanish and Chinese influences

*The apex in the development of Indigenous Filipino architecture

Spanish Colonial Houses(Vigan, Ilocos Sur) Stone Houses

(Batanes)

American Period

*Urban planning and architecture serve the needs of secular education and public service

*Daniel H. Burnham, an American architect, recommended the development of canal, construction of bayshore boulevard, parks, waterfronts, schools and hospitals

Chalet*House in the early 20th century

*It was a simple, respectable house for those moving up to the middle class

postwar Period

Two-story House*Living quarters occupied both first and second floor

*In the bahay na bato, the living quarters were on the upper floor and the lower floor was a storage area.

*Example: Marcos House at Sarrat, IN.

Bungalow House*A one-storied house with a low-pitched roof

*This new status symbol (bungalow) represented the Americanization of the Filipino house

*Most seen type of house in the country

Upper-class Residential Architecture

*Apartments*Condominiums*Hotels*and other commercial establishments

Apartment Condominium

Hotel

Filipino Architecture

*One of the features of the Filipino House is the concept of SPACE and INTERRELATION of different spaces.

THE END!!!

THANK YOUFOR LISTENING