http://player.discoveryeducation.com/?blnpreviewonly=1...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter 12
The Family
http://player.discoveryeducation.com/?blnPreviewOnly=1&guidAssetId=7fc67569-2894-48a0-8c6d-fed3799f5d6e
Family
Family- a relatively permanent group of people connected by blood, marriage, or adoption that live together and share social and economic responsibilities.› Types of families
Nuclear Extended Orientation Procreation
Types of Families
Nuclear-composed of one or two parents and their children
Extended-composed of three or more generations
Family of orientation- the family in which one is born into or adopted into
Family of procreation- the family that one creates through marriage
Kinship-a network of individuals related through common ancestry, marriage, or adoption.
How does a family tree portray a kinship system?
Marriage
A legal union that involves a man and a woman as husband and wife
What is the difference between marriage and cohabitation?
Marriage Patterns
Homogamy- marriage between persons with similar characteristics?
Heterogamy- marriage between persons with different characteristics
What is endogamy? What about exogamy?
Patterns cont.
Monogamy- marriage to one person at a time
Serial monogamy- succession of marriage and divorces involving one spouse at a time
Polygamy-marriage to more than one person at a time
Polygamy
Two types of Polygamy: Polygyny-marriage of one male to two
or more females. (Ex. Sister wives, Big Love)
http://tlc.discovery.com/videos/sister-wives-time-divided-between-four-wives.html
Polyandry- marriage of one female to two or more males (ex. Tibetan women can marry more than one man at a time)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4yjrDSvze0
Residential Patterns
Patrilocal- married couple lives with or near the husband’s family
Matrilocal-married couple lives with or near the wife’s family
Neolocal- married couple lives apart from parents of both spouses
Everybody Loves Raymond
Bewitched
Patterns of Descent
Patrilineal- tracing kinship through males
Matrilineal- tracing kinship through females
Bilateral- tracing kinship through both males and females
Patterns of Authority
Patriarchy-men dominate the family Matriarchy-women dominate the family Egalitarian- men and women share
authority
Types of Marriages
Conflict-habituated: Unresolved conflict and tension are the norm
Devitalized: marriage has lost its zest, liveliness or excitement
Passive-congenial: utilitarian in nature, emphasizes practicality rather than emotional closeness
Vital: marriages that are full of life, enjoyment and happiness
Types of Marriages cont.
Total- multifaceted marriages, all important aspects are included
Static- follows traditional marriage roles with little or no room for change
Flexible- allows spouses to negotiate and talk about expectations concerning relationship
Family Types
Single-parent family: composed of one parent and children
Blended family: a family created from previous divorces or separations experienced by one or both spouses
Functions of the family
Regulation of sexual activity: all societies regulate the sexual activities of their members to some degree. › Incest Taboo- norm forbidding sexual
relationships or marriage between certain relatives.
Reproduction- to survive societies must replace members who die or move away.
Functions cont.
Socialization- children must be taught the ways of the society into which they were born
Economic and emotional security- the family acts as the basic economic unit in society.
Family Disruption
Family Violence› 3.2 million cases of neglect or physical
abuse against children in 1999› 1998 1 million crimes of violence were
committed against people by intimate partners
Divorce› 19.8 million Americans over the age of 19
who are divorced › The number of divorces is 42% and is the
highest in the world.
Who is at risk for divorce?
Young spouses, who have a brief courtship, fewer financial resources and less emotional maturity
People of lower social position due to financial strains
The risk of divorce rises for all social classes if an unexpected pregnancy or substance abuse problem is involved
Risk for divorce cont.
People who are non-religious Two-career marriages due to career
related strains and financially independent women
People who have experienced divorce already
Trends in American Family Life
Delayed Marriage Delayed Childbearing Childlessness Dual-Earner Marriages One Parent Families Remarriage
Sociological Theories
Structural-functionalism: suggests that the family performs various tasks that contribute to the stability of society
Conflict: suggests that the family perpetuates social inequality
Symbolic interactionism: focuses on how individuals shape and experience family life on a daily basis