how science works - department of · pdf filehow science works grade 2 module 1 scientist ......
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GroupColor:___________________
HowScienceWorks
Grade2
Module1
Scientist(YourName):____________________________________________________________Teacher’sName:____________________________________________________________________SciTrekVolunteer’sName:________________________________________________________
ClassQuestion:
Whatvariablesaffecthowmuchliquidasoilcanabsorb?
1
VOCABULARY
Science:Thestudyofthematerialworldusinghumanreason.Thescientificmethodisthewayhumans
reasonandapplylogictodatatohelpgainknowledgeoftheworld.
o Observation:Adescriptionusingyourfivesenses.Thiscouldincludecontents,mass,size,color,
temperature,smell,texture…
o Opinion:Somethingyoubelieveorfeel.Notafactorobservation.
o Inference:Aguessbasedonpastexperiences.
o ExperimentalSet‐Up:Thematerials,changingvariable,andcontrolsthatareneededforan
experiment.
o Experiment:Atestortrialtodiscoversomethingunknown.
o Procedure:Asetofstepstoconductanexperiment.
o Controls:Thevariablesthatarenotchangedinanexperiment.
o ChangingVariable(IndependentVariable):Thevariablethatischangedinanexperiment.
o DependentVariable:Thevariablethatisinfluenced/determinedbythechangingvariable;the
variablethatismeasured/observed.
o Materials:Listofallsuppliesandequipment.
o Prediction:Whatyouexpecttohappenbasedoffofpreviousmeasurements/observations.
o Results/Data:Themeasurements/observationsofthedependentvariable.Therecorded
informationfromanexperiment.
o ScientificPractices:Aseriesofactivitiesthatscientistsparticipateintobothunderstandtheworld
aroundthemandtocommunicatetheirresultswithothers.(Thespecificpracticeworkedoninthis
moduleisobservations.)
o Technique:Amethodforaspecifictask.
o Absorb:Theabilitytoholdliquid.
o Soil:Atoplayerofearth.
o PottingSoil:Asoilthatcontainsamajorityofdeadplantmaterialswithsome
rocks(sand)andnoclay.
o Sand:Asoilthatcontainsverysmallpiecesofrocks.
o Vermiculite:Asoilthatcontainsofmica(ahighlyabsorbentnaturalmaterial).
o Dropper:Apieceoflaboratoryequipmentusedtoaddliquidsonedropata
time.
o GraduatedCylinder:Pieceoflaboratoryequipmentusedtomeasurethe
volumeofaliquid.
GraduatedCylinder
2
TechniqueGraduatedCylinders
Graduatedcylindersareusedtomeasurevolumesofliquids.
Howtoreadagraduatedcylinder:1. Putyourfingeronthebottomofthedipalsoknownasthemeniscus.2. Moveyourfingerdowntothenextlabelednumber.3. Countuptothemeniscus4. Thefinalvolumeisthesumofthelabelednumberandthecountednumber.
Howmuchwaterisineachgraduatedcylinder?
88 mL
A B C D
3
SCIENTIFICPRACTICESObservations
Observation:Adescriptionusingyour_________________________________________CircleOBSERVATIONifthestatementisanobservationyoucanmakeabouttheobject.CircleNOTANOBSERVATIONifthestatementisnotanobservationyoucanmakeabouttheobject.
1. Theobjectislighterthanabowlingball.
Observation NotanObservation
2. Theobjectisonlyonecolor. Observation NotanObservation
3. Theobjectisthickerthanabroomhandle.
Observation NotanObservation
4. Theobjectissilly. Observation NotanObservation
5. Theobjecthaslines. Observation NotanObservation
6. Theobjectcanbebentsobothendstouch.
Observation NotanObservation
7. Theobjectcamefromthegrocerystore.
Observation NotanObservation
4
Firstchoose/circlethefactorthatyouwouldliketoexperimentwith.Thenwithinthatrow,circlewhatyouwouldlikeyourchangingvariabletobe.Finally,circlethemeasurementyouwillmake.
Factor ChangingVariable Measurement
SoilSoilAmount
SoilType
LiquidAmount(mL)
LiquidLiquidAmount
LiquidThickness
LiquidAmount(mL)
QUESTIONQuestionourgroupwillinvestigate:
Ifwechangethe_______________________________________________________________________,
whatwillhappentotheamountofliquidthatthesoilabsorbs?
FilloutthematerialspagewithyourSciTrekvolunteerbeforemovingontotheexperimentalset‐up.
insertchangingvariable(independentvariable)
whatyouaremeasuring(dependentvariable)
5
EXPERIMENTALSET‐UP
ChangingVariable:___________________________________________________________________________
Controls(variablesyouwillholdconstant):Determinethevariablesthatyouwillholdconstantandindicatethespecificvalueyouwilluseinallyourtrials.(control/value,example:cupmaterial/plastic)
Control/Value
CupMaterial / Plastic /
/ /
PROCEDURE
1. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6
RESULTSTable
Filloutthechartforeachofyourtrials.Forthevariablesremainconstant,writethevalueintrialAandthendrawalinethrougheachboxtoindicatethatthisvariableisacontrol.
Variables TrialA TrialB TrialC TrialD TrialE
CupMaterial: Plastic
SoilType:
SoilAmount:
LiquidThickness:
LiquidAmount:
Data TrialA TrialB TrialC TrialD TrialE
FinalObservation/Measurements:
LiquidAmounts(mL):
Fillintheamountofliquidinthelargecupandtheamountofliquidabsorbedbythesoil.
Other:
Theindependentvariableisthechangingvariableandthedependentvariablesarethefinalobservation/measurements.
7
RESULTSGraphandSummary
Myexperimentshows_______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
8
Iactedlikeascientistwhen________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
TIETOSTANDARDS 1. Absorb:Theabilityto__________________________________________________________liquid.
2. Circlethesoilthatabsorbedthemostliquid.
3. The______________________________________________thesoilthemorelikelyalandslide.
9
PossibleFactor1:LiquidAmount(for1smallcupofpottingsoil)
4. Istherealimittotheamountofwaterthatsoilcanabsorb?
YES NO
5. 1smallcupofpottingsoilcanhold_____________ofwater.6. Howmuchwatercan2cupsofsoilabsorb?_______________________________________
7. Addingwatertosoilmakesthesoil_________________________________________________.
8. The___________________________________waterinthesoilthemorelikelyalandslide.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
10 20 30 40 50
Water Absorbed
by Soil (m
L)
Water Poured Over Soil (mL)
10
PossibleFactor2:SoilType9. Labelthefollowingsoiltypesfromleasttomostabsorbent.Labeltheleast
absorbentsoilas1andthemostabsorbentsoilas3.
______SmallRocks ______LargeRocks ______Sand
10. ___________________________________________________________affectshowmuchwatera
soiltypecanabsorb.
11. Sandholdswaterthanlargerocksmakingwetsandthanwet
largerockswhichresultsinwetsandhavinglandslidesthanwetlarge
rocks.
12. _________________________________________________________________________affectshow
muchwaterasoiltypecanabsorb.
13. Vermiculiteholdswaterthansandmakingwetvermiculite
thanwetsandwhichresultsinwetvermiculitehavinglandslidesthan
wetsand.
MoreLess
HeavierLighter
MoreLess
MoreLess
HeavierLighter
MoreLess
11
OtherPossibleFactors:14. Anotherfactorthataffectslandslidesisthe___________________________ofthesoil.
15. Drawapicturewherealandslideismoreandlesslikelytohappen
16. The____________________________________________theslopethemorelikelyalandslide.
17. Drawapictureofwhyplantshelppreventlandslides.
18. Anotherfactorthataffectslandslidesistheabilityofsoilto____________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
19. Themoreplantsthethesoilstickstoitself,thethesoil
consistencyandthelikelyalandslide.
LandslideMoreLikelytoHappen LandslideLessLikelytoHappen
MoreLess
GreaterWeaker
GreaterWeaker
12
PossibleWaystoPreventLandslides
Whatfactordoesthisaddress? Whatfactordoesthisaddress?
_____________________________________ _____________________________________
13
EXTRAPRACTICEObservations
Observation:Adescriptionusingyour______________________________________________________
CircleOBSERVATIONifthestatementisanobservationyoucanmakeaboutthepicture.CircleNOTANOBSERVATIONifthestatementisnotanobservationyoucanmakeaboutthepicture.
1. Thepersoniswearingadiving
mask.Observation Notan
Observation
2. Thefishonlyhaveonefineach. Observation NotanObservation
3. Thepersonissmallerthanafish. Observation NotanObservation
4. Snorkelingisfun. Observation NotanObservation
5. Therearemorefishthanpeople. Observation NotanObservation
6. Theperson’sshortsareblack. Observation NotanObservation
7. Thepersonandfishareintheocean.
Observation NotanObservation
WORDSEARCH
Absorb Results ScienceControls Materials SoilDropperVariable Observation Technique Experiment Procedure VariableInference Sand Vermiculite
T N B E K S E R F B M B E S A E O V Q L A C P G A M T Q L B C I Q P P B C I T C I U F O S H T E R E X A E E L S E H R O N A A N V I R I U N N Y S T R I V L L E I N C R O C M T N B Q R D N A S I F C A M E S O CU E G L H M R E E J V O J C D E S S D R E X P E R I M E N T H B M E P M H J Z L E U Y X E G O V P B I S J R W C N R Q J Q V O R E S U L T S L P C H D E R U D E C O R P O L J E E V D S Q P F W P P Q I E I J S L H H Q U H T L D F J M P O K I
SciTrekisaneducationaloutreachprogramthatisdedicatedtoallowing2nd‐8thgradestudentstoexperiencethescientificprocessfirsthand.SciTrek
partnerswithlocalschoolstopresentstudent‐centeredinquiry‐basedmodulesthatnotonlyemphasizetheprocessofsciencebutalsospecificgradelevelcontentstandards.Eachmoduleallowsstudentstodesign,
carryout,andpresenttheirexperimentsandfindings.
Formoreinformationpleasefeelfreetovisitusonthewebathttp://www.chem.ucsb.edu/scitrek/orcontactusbye‐mailat
SciTrekisbroughttoyoubygeneroussupportfromthefollowingorganizations:
Ifyouwouldliketodonatetotheprogramorfindouthowyoucangetyourcompany’[email protected].
CALIFORNIA SUBJECT MATTER PROJECT THE SOUTH COAST SCIENCE PROJECT