ElectricityElectricity

5th GradeScience

Vocabulary

5th GradeScience

Vocabulary

ElectricityElectricity

Everything in the world is made up of atoms. Each atom has smaller parts in it. One of those parts is called electrons. Electrons can move from atom to atom. When an electron moves to a different atom, it causes another electron to have to move. When electrons move quickly from one atom to another it

is called Electricity!

Everything in the world is made up of atoms. Each atom has smaller parts in it. One of those parts is called electrons. Electrons can move from atom to atom. When an electron moves to a different atom, it causes another electron to have to move. When electrons move quickly from one atom to another it

is called Electricity!

AtomsAtoms•All physical objects are made up of atoms.

•Inside of atoms are protons, electrons and neutrons.

•Protons are positively charged.

•Electrons are negatively charged.

•Neutrons have a neutral charge. (equal charge)

ChargesCharges• Most of the time objects have an equal amount of protons and electrons. (no charge)

• They are neutral.

• Most of the time objects have an equal amount of protons and electrons. (no charge)

• They are neutral.

ChargesCharges• If an object has more

protons than electrons; it is positively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is negatively charged.

• If an object has more electrons than protons; it is negatively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is positively charged.

• If an object has more protons than electrons; it is positively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is negatively charged.

• If an object has more electrons than protons; it is negatively charged. It will be attracted to an object which is positively charged.

Opposites AttractOpposites Attract

+Objects with opposite charges will attract. So a + and – will come together.

Objects with the same charges will repel (pull apart).A + and + will repel, so will a – and -.

+Objects with opposite charges will attract. So a + and – will come together.

Objects with the same charges will repel (pull apart).A + and + will repel, so will a – and -.

Lightning Lightning • One of the most common forms of static electricity is lightning.

• Negative charges in the clouds are attracted to positive charges on the ground. As the ground takes some of the electrons from the cloud you see the transfer of energy in the form of lightning.

• One of the most common forms of static electricity is lightning.

• Negative charges in the clouds are attracted to positive charges on the ground. As the ground takes some of the electrons from the cloud you see the transfer of energy in the form of lightning.

http://www.dkimages.com/discover/Home/Science/Earth-Sciences/Atmospheric-Sciences/Atmosphere/Electrical-Phenomena/Lightning/Lightning-3.html

Different objectsDifferent objectsSome materials like to collect electrons.Some materials like to collect electrons.

• Rubber• Polyester• Wood• Steel• Balloon

• Rubber• Polyester• Wood• Steel• Balloon

Some objects let go of their electrons easily.Some objects let go of their electrons easily.

• Carpet• Glass• Silk• Rabbit Fur• Human Skin

• Carpet• Glass• Silk• Rabbit Fur• Human Skin

OhOh• Carpet does not hold

onto its electrons very easily so when you rub your rubber shoe soles on the carpet, the rubber collects the electrons. You are then negatively charged and when you touch something else that is positively charged the electrons will jump. This creates a spark.

• Carpet does not hold onto its electrons very easily so when you rub your rubber shoe soles on the carpet, the rubber collects the electrons. You are then negatively charged and when you touch something else that is positively charged the electrons will jump. This creates a spark.

Static ElectricityStatic Electricity

• Static electricity occurs when electrons jump from one place to another.

• When the object gets near another object with an opposite charge it will either take electrons from the other object or give electrons to it.

• The spark you see is coming from the electrons moving from one object to the other.

• Static electricity occurs when electrons jump from one place to another.

• When the object gets near another object with an opposite charge it will either take electrons from the other object or give electrons to it.

• The spark you see is coming from the electrons moving from one object to the other.

+ + +

_ _ _

_ _

+ + +

_

_

Static Electricity and Pollution

Static Electricity and Pollution

• Factories use static electricity to cut down the amount of pollution exiting from their smokestacks.

• They charge the smoke with static electricity. When it passes by any charged piece of metal in the smokestack, most of the smoke clings to the metal. This keeps the pollution from going out into the air.

• Factories use static electricity to cut down the amount of pollution exiting from their smokestacks.

• They charge the smoke with static electricity. When it passes by any charged piece of metal in the smokestack, most of the smoke clings to the metal. This keeps the pollution from going out into the air.

La electricidadLa electricidad

• La electricidad es una forma de energía que está creado por el transfer de los electrones.

• La electricidad es una forma de energía que está creado por el transfer de los electrones.

La cargaLa carga• Una carga es una medida de las partículas positivas o negativas adicionales que un objeto tiene.

• Una carga es una medida de las partículas positivas o negativas adicionales que un objeto tiene.

la electricidad estática

la electricidad estática

• Una fuerza de electricidad que ocurre cuando electrones acumulan encima de un objeto.

• Una fuerza de electricidad que ocurre cuando electrones acumulan encima de un objeto.

Los electronesLos electrones

• Los electrones son particulas con una carga negativa.

• Los electrones son particulas con una carga negativa.

El relámpagoEl relámpago

• Los relámpagos están formado cuando una nube intercambia electrones con la tierra o otra nube.

• Los relámpagos están formado cuando una nube intercambia electrones con la tierra o otra nube.

Infinitives??Infinitives??

• Positivo• Negativo

• Positivo• Negativo

Current ElectricityCurrent Electricity

• Current electricity is the flow of charged particles through an object, usually a circuit.

• Current electricity is the flow of charged particles through an object, usually a circuit.

The steady flow of electricity is called an electric current. A current will move along a wire or a path called a circuit.

Circuit means to “go around.”

The steady flow of electricity is called an electric current. A current will move along a wire or a path called a circuit.

Circuit means to “go around.”

CircuitCircuit• A circuit is the path the electricity will flow around.

• There are three parts to a circuit.• Load• Power source• Pathway (Wire)• You can also add a switch but it is not necessary.

• A circuit is the path the electricity will flow around.

• There are three parts to a circuit.• Load• Power source• Pathway (Wire)• You can also add a switch but it is not necessary.

LoadLoad• A load is the device or devices that turn on when electricity flows through.

• The load can be a light bulb, fan, motor; anything that runs off of electricity.

• Can you think of some loads inside of the classroom?

• A load is the device or devices that turn on when electricity flows through.

• The load can be a light bulb, fan, motor; anything that runs off of electricity.

• Can you think of some loads inside of the classroom?

Power SourcePower Source

• A power source is a battery or other device which provides energy for a circuit.

• A power source is a battery or other device which provides energy for a circuit.

PathwayPathway• A pathway is the area of a conductor through which a current is able to move.

• Copper is good to use for pathways.

• A pathway is the area of a conductor through which a current is able to move.

• Copper is good to use for pathways.

SwitchSwitch• A switch is the part of a circuit which can control whether electricity flows through the circuit or not.

• A switch is the part of a circuit which can control whether electricity flows through the circuit or not.

BatteryBattery

• A battery is a small device that stores energy in a chemical form.

• A battery is a small device that stores energy in a chemical form.

Circuits put together

Circuits put together

Load

Power source

switch

pathway

More Circuits More Circuits • Circuits can be either

complete or incomplete.• To be a complete

circuit all the connections including wires, a battery, and a device that uses energy such as a light bulb must be connected together and the light bulb (or other object) must be working.

• Circuits can be either complete or incomplete.

• To be a complete circuit all the connections including wires, a battery, and a device that uses energy such as a light bulb must be connected together and the light bulb (or other object) must be working.

Incomplete CircuitsIncomplete Circuits• All the connections including wires, a battery, and a device that uses energy such as a light bulb. In an incomplete circuit, these objects are missing part of the necessary connection and the device that uses energy does not work.

• All the connections including wires, a battery, and a device that uses energy such as a light bulb. In an incomplete circuit, these objects are missing part of the necessary connection and the device that uses energy does not work.

La corriente elécrtica

La corriente elécrtica

• La corriente elécrtica es el flujo de partículas cargadas por un objeto, generalmente un circuito.

• La corriente elécrtica es el flujo de partículas cargadas por un objeto, generalmente un circuito.

El circuitoEl circuito

• El circuito es el camino en que electricidad viaja.

• El circuito es el camino en que electricidad viaja.

El receptor de energía

El receptor de energía

• El receptor de energía es el dispositivo que se gira cuando la electricidad atraviesa.

• El receptor de energía es el dispositivo que se gira cuando la electricidad atraviesa.

La fuenta de energíaLa fuenta de energía

• Una fuente de energía es la batería o el otro dispositivo que crea la energía para un circuito

• Una fuente de energía es la batería o el otro dispositivo que crea la energía para un circuito

La ruta de energíaLa ruta de energía

• La ruta de energía es el área de un conductor a través del cual una corriente pueda moverse.

• La ruta de energía es el área de un conductor a través del cual una corriente pueda moverse.

El interruptorEl interruptor• Un interruptor es la pieza de un circuito que pueda controlar si la electricidad atraviesa el circuito o no.

• Un interruptor es la pieza de un circuito que pueda controlar si la electricidad atraviesa el circuito o no.

La bateríaLa batería

• Una batería es una cosa pequeña que mantiene energía en una forma química.

• Una batería es una cosa pequeña que mantiene energía en una forma química.

el circuito incompletoel circuito incompleto

• El circuito incompleto es un circuito con un hueco y los electrones no pueden atravesar.

• El circuito incompleto es un circuito con un hueco y los electrones no pueden atravesar.

el circuito completo

el circuito completo

• El circuito completo es un circuito en que los electrones pueden atravesar.

• El circuito completo es un circuito en que los electrones pueden atravesar.

Series CircuitsSeries Circuits• A series circuit is a circuit that has only one path for the current.

• If the circuit becomes incomplete all the light bulbs will go off.

• What would happen to the brightness of the bulb if you added more loads?

• A series circuit is a circuit that has only one path for the current.

• If the circuit becomes incomplete all the light bulbs will go off.

• What would happen to the brightness of the bulb if you added more loads?

Series Circuits continued

Series Circuits continued

Hmmmm?Hmmmm?

• The holidays are approaching and your dad has asked you to help him put some lights on the outside of the house.

• All day long you worked in the freezing wind to make your house the most bright and beautiful one in the neighborhood.

• The time has come! Dad flips the switch, and OH NO! There at the very top of the house is not just one, but a whole set of lights that are not working.

• Frustrated, but not defeated, dad • climbs the ladder and removes the

light set. He discovers that one little light bulb caused all of the problems.

• Why did this happen?

• scibertext

• The holidays are approaching and your dad has asked you to help him put some lights on the outside of the house.

• All day long you worked in the freezing wind to make your house the most bright and beautiful one in the neighborhood.

• The time has come! Dad flips the switch, and OH NO! There at the very top of the house is not just one, but a whole set of lights that are not working.

• Frustrated, but not defeated, dad • climbs the ladder and removes the

light set. He discovers that one little light bulb caused all of the problems.

• Why did this happen?

• scibertext

Parallel CircuitsParallel Circuits• A parallel circuit has more than one path for current to travel.

• If one path goes out it does not mean everything dies, just the one area.

• A parallel circuit has more than one path for current to travel.

• If one path goes out it does not mean everything dies, just the one area.

Parallel Circuits continued..

Parallel Circuits continued..

•Lights in our homes are wired in parallel circuits.

•Lights in our homes are wired in parallel circuits.

ConductorsConductors• A conductor is a material that current can pass through easily, like metals.

• Steel• Copper• A current is the flow of electricity through a conductor.

• A conductor is a material that current can pass through easily, like metals.

• Steel• Copper• A current is the flow of electricity through a conductor.

ResistorResistor• A resistor is a material that resists, but doesn’t stop the flow of current.

• Ceramic

• A resistor is a material that resists, but doesn’t stop the flow of current.

• Ceramic

InsulatorInsulator• An insulator is a material that current cannot pass through easily, like plastic.

• Rubber• Wood• Cloth

• An insulator is a material that current cannot pass through easily, like plastic.

• Rubber• Wood• Cloth

ElectromagnetElectromagnet• An electromagnet is a devices that uses electricity, wires, and an iron core to create a temporary magnet. It can be made powerful as needed.

• An electromagnet is a devices that uses electricity, wires, and an iron core to create a temporary magnet. It can be made powerful as needed.

PropertiesProperties

• The characteristics of an object.

• What are the properties of a complete circuit?

• The characteristics of an object.

• What are the properties of a complete circuit?

el circuito de serie el circuito de serie

• Un circuito de serie es un circuito que tiene solamente un camino para la corriente.

• Un circuito de serie es un circuito que tiene solamente un camino para la corriente.

el circuito paraleloel circuito paralelo

• Un circuito paralelo tiene más de un camino para que la corriente de viajar.

• Un circuito paralelo tiene más de un camino para que la corriente de viajar.

el conductorel conductor• Un conductor es un material que la corriente puede pasar con fácilmente, como los metales.

• Un conductor es un material que la corriente puede pasar con fácilmente, como los metales.

el aisladorel aislador• Un aislador es un material que la corriente no puede pasar con fácilmente, como el plástico.

• Un aislador es un material que la corriente no puede pasar con fácilmente, como el plástico.

el electroimán el electroimán • Un electroimán es uno dispositivo que utiliza electricidad, alambres, y una base de hierro para crear un imán temporal.

• Un electroimán es uno dispositivo que utiliza electricidad, alambres, y una base de hierro para crear un imán temporal.

las propiedades las propiedades

• Las propiedades son las características de un objeto.

• Las propiedades son las características de un objeto.