Pre-Historic ArchitectureHOA 1

Central Colleges of the Philippines

1st Semester SY 2016-17

History of Architecture

It is a record of man’s effort to building beautifully.

History of Architecture

It traces the origin, growth and decline of architectural styles which have prevailed land and ages.

Influencing Factors

• Geographical

• Geological

• Climatic

• Religion

• Historical/ Contextual

• Socio-Political

“Megalithic Architecture”

Preserve remains of monument made partially or wholly of giant stones are found on island or near the sea coast of the mainland.

Dolmen

• a megalithic tomb with a large flat stone laid on upright ones, found chiefly in Britain and France.

• Consists of several large stones

Set on end with a large covering slab.

Dolmen ruinsin Portugal

Tumulus

• An ancient burial ground.

Menhir

• A menhir (French, from Middle Breton: maen, "stone" and hir, "long"), standing stone, orthostat, lith or masseba/matseva

• is a large upright standing stone.

• Menhirs may be found solely as monoliths, or as part of a group of similar stones.

Menhir

Menhir (Monoliths) --> accdg. to Salvan

• Are single great stones set on end and arranged in parallel rows, some of which run for several miles and consists of thousands of stones.

• Purpose: religious in nature.

• Sometimes huge stones were arranged in a circle and partially covered with horizontal slabs of stone. These are known as Cromlech.

CromlechEAST

Ring of Brodgar

• The Ring of Brodgar (or Brogar, or Ring o' Brodgar) is a Neolithic henge and stone circle about 6 miles north-east of Stromness on the Mainland, the largest island in Orkney, Scotland.

• It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the Heart of Neolithic Orkney.

The site has resisted attempts atscientific dating and the monument'sage remains uncertain.

It is generally thought to have beenerected between 2500 BC and 2000 BC,and was, therefore, the last of the greatNeolithic monuments built on the Ness.

Ring of Brodgar

The stone circle is 104 metres (341 ft) in diameter, and the third largest in the British Isles.

The ring originally comprised up to 60 stones, of which only 27 remained standing at the end of the 20th century.

Woodhenge

TENT DWELLERS OF “EAST EUROPE”

Groups of hunting people in Parts of Eastern Europe 20,000 years agoLived in tents set in hollows in the ground.

The tents were made from animal skins Stretched over a frame of wood or mammoth Tusks.

The bones of the mammoths were usedTo keep the roof in place and to pindown the Tent as its base.

Other bones were ground down to provide Fuel for warmth and cooking.

Pre-Historic Lifestyle

Animism

Animism

• Animism (from Latin anima, "breath, spirit, life")

Animism

• is the worldview that non-human entities—such as animals, plants, and inanimate objects—possess a spiritual essence.

• Animism is used in the anthropology of religion as a term for the belief system of some indigenous tribal peoples,[6] especially prior to the development of organized religion

A tableau presenting figuresof various cultures filling inmediator-like roles

often being termed as"shaman" in the literature.

Animism

• Animism entails the belief that "all living things have a soul", and thus a central concern of animist thought surrounds how animals can be eaten or otherwise used for humans' subsistence needs.

• Animism can also entail relationships being established with non-corporeal spirit entities

Pantheism

Animism is different from Pantheism