History of TourismThe 20th and 21st Centuries: The Modern Era

Tourism in the 20th Century

In the opening years of the 20th Century, travel for pleasure continued to grow. Particularly within Europe, travel was safer and more comfortable and a generally richer population was increasingly curious to see the

world around them. However, this was to change with the outbreak of the first world war in 1914

Tourism in the 20th Century

Mass Tourism begins to take hold, and become much more accessible for people.

- The rise of rural tourism in Britain, as well as the development of holiday camps provides the working classes to travel for the first time.

- Tourism is interrupted by two world wars, but this resulted in a massive improvement in transport technology = Increased car ownership, better more efficient air travel, the invention of the first camper van!

Donut TaskPair up with a partner and create two circles with the class. One facing inward and the

other facing outward.

Discuss the importance of each event in relation to the development of tourism

in the 20th Century

Donut TaskGo back to your seat and spend 10 minutes silently writing down what you discussed

for each event.

How Did Technology Affect The Development Of Tourism?

- WWII: Air travel was made more accessible because of World War II. Before WWII air travel was expensive, unreliable and uncomfortable. Left over aircraft from WWII was used for people to start small

scale airlines.

- Shorter Travel Times: with the rise of the Jet Age in the 1950’s, far off destinations were made more accessible to tourists. During this time Air travel over took sea travel. Fro example, if you were travelling by sea from Britain to New Zealand, the journey could take up to 3months, whereas by jet the journey

now takes 24hours. - People are now able to travel in more comfort, and with less luggage making it more accessible for

people with young families.

Tourism in the 21st CenturyTourism has not changed dramatically since the 20th Century. How and where we travel remains much the

some. However, some events have influenced current travel trends.

These events can be divided into three categories:

- The economic down turn

- The development of a global community

- The challenge to tourism of recent terrorism and military activity

The Economic DownturnThe economic downturn early in the 21st Century has had various impacts upon peoples travel choices.

Below are some examples of how:

- Greater focus on regional promotions: To stretch their promotional dollars, groupings such as the South Pacific and Indian Ocean islands, Mekong region countries, African states and others will be stepping up pooling of

resources to undertake joint marketing and research efforts.

- Holiday trends: A recent study undertaken by the World Tourism Organization on the impact of global economic changes on employment and holiday-taking patterns concluded that there would be a trend towards more and

shorter holidays against fewer and longer holidays, mainly due to time constraints and job insecurities.

- Airlines and aviation: The global power of the airline alliances will begin to manifest itself, parlaying into code-sharing, DEVELOPING FUEL EFFICIENT PLANES, joint purchasing, database marketing and more alliances with the

smaller airlines of Asia.

The Boeing 787-9https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pxvwGppH4zg

The 787 Dreamliner applies breakthrough technologies to an all-new airplane design. The advanced features of the 787 increase efficiency, simplify airplane ownership and operation, and significantly improve the air travel experience and cost of travel.

It is Boeing's most fuel-efficient airliner and is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe. The 787

was designed to be 20% more fuel efficient than the 767 it is replacing.

GlobalisationGlobalisation has had various impacts upon peoples travel choices.

Below are some examples of how:

- The removal of many border controls: Particularly within the European countries.

- Increased global trade: More companies having locations in a variety of different countries resulting in increased international travel, particularly to the Middle East and South Asia.

- Increased completion for the tourist dollar: This has sparked huge marketing campaigns in what is now one of the worlds largest industries.

- Increased potential destinations.

Terrorism and its effect on TourismIn many ways the 21st Century dawned full of promise for the tourism industry. In the 55 years following the Second World War, tourism had experienced an almost uninterrupted rise in the numbers of people becoming tourists and

in the amount of money being generated by the industry.

However on September 11, 2001 one of the major generating markets for international tourism, the USA, experienced a terrorist attack on its own soil and the impact on tourism was enormous.

Task: Do some research and answer the following questions:

- What were the events and when exactly did they take place?

- Who was involved in the events?

- What are the public perceptions that surround the events?

- What are at least three impacts the events have had on world tourism?