History of the Modern WorldHistory of the Modern WorldFailure of Diplomacy: 1935-1939

From Appeasement to War

Mrs. McArthur

Walsingham Academy

Room 111

Mrs. McArthur

Walsingham Academy

Room 111

Mission to MoscowAmerican Propaganda

The OWI* report on Mission to Moscow concluded that it

would

be a most convincing means of helping Americans to understand their Russian allies. Every

effort has been made to show that Russians and Americans are not so very different after all.

The Russians are shown to eat well and live comfortably, which will be a surprise to many

Americans.[6] The leaders of both countries desire peace and both possess a blunt honesty of

address and purpose ... One of the best services performed by this picture is the presentation

of Russian leaders, not as wild-eyed madmen, but as far-seeing, earnest, responsible

statesmen. They have proved very good neighbors, and this picture will help to explain why, as

well as to encourage faith in the feasibility of post-war cooperation.[7]

*Office of War Information

Meanwhile: The Abdication Crisis1936

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World War II and Its AftermathSection 1: From Appeasement to War, pp. 924-929

Witness History Audio: The Desperate Peace

Note Taking Transparency 171A

Aggression Goes Unchecked

When the aggressive actions of dictators in Japan, Germany, and Italy went virtually

unchallenged, these regimes grew bolder. The Western policy of appeasement and widespread

pacifism fed the ambitions of the three countries, which formed a pact not to interfere in each

other’s expansion.

1. What is the main idea of Chamberlain’s speech?

2. How long do you think such a peace will last?

German Aggression Continues

Hitler annexed Austria and Czechoslovakia’s Sudetenland in his quest to bring all German-

speaking people in to the Third Reich. Britain and France were not willing to go to war over

either move.

Section 1: From Appeasement to War

Note Taking Transparency 171B

Spain Collapses into Civil War

When conservatives led by Francisco Franco revolted against the new reformist government in

Spain, a civil war broke out that drew help from Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union. Franco’s

rebels won, and he set up a fascist dictatorship.

Guernica, Pablo Picasso

Section 1: From Appeasement to War

Color Transparency 174: Wonder How Long the Honeymoon Will Last?

Europe Plunges Toward War

When Germany seized the rest of Czechoslovakia, Britain and France decided they would move

to stop Hitler if he attacked Poland. Soviet leader Joseph Stalin made a pact with Hitler that they

would not interfere with each other in annexing parts of Eastern Europe. Two days after German

forces invaded Poland, on September 3, 1939, World War II began.

Geography Interactive: Aggression in Europe and Africa to September, 1939

Progress Monitoring Transparency

Note Taking Transparency 171A

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• Anschluss, 1938

•Sudetenland, 1938

(Occupation of the Rhineland, 1936)

Note Taking Transparency 171B

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Austria becomes German state, “Ostmark.”

Over the protests of Czechs, Western democracies transfer

Sudetenland to Germany.

Western democracies realize what they are facing. France and Britain begin emergency rearmament drives. Britain guarantees Polish, Greek, Romanian security.

A week before Germany and USSR sign a nonaggression pact.

Pablo Picasso’s Guernica, 1937

Color Transparency 174: Wonder How Long the Honeymoon Will Last?

World War II and Its Aftermath: Section 1Progress Monitoring Transparency

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Failure of Diplomacy

Plot the points

mentioned in your

lecture. Include:

Libya (1935)

Rhineland (1936)

Anschluss (1938)

Sudetenland (1938)

Spain (1936-39)

Shade and ID regions

affected by the policy

of appeasement.

The Axis Advances

Nazi Germany invaded Poland from one side, while the Soviets came from the other. France and

Britain had no time to help. Then Germany attacked France from the north, and Italy invaded

from the south. When France fell, only Britain stood against the Axis powers. A Nazi bombing

campaign against London and other cities only strengthened British resolve. Meanwhile, Axis

armies also pushed into North Africa and the Balkans.

World War II and Its AftermathSection 2: The Axis Advances, pp. 930-938

Witness History Audio: Janina’s War Story

1. How does Janina describe the German attack on Poland?

2. How do you predict airplanes might be used in WWII?

The Blitz in Color

Witness History Audio: Winston Churchill

Witness History Audio: Surviving the Blitz

Germany Invades the Soviet Union

Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941 in the hopes of gaining its natural resources and

putting down communism. Hitler’s advance was stalled by the brutal Russian winter, but

Russians in Leningrad suffered a two-and-a-half-year siege that caused mass starvation.

Section 2: The Axis Advances

Note Taking Transparency 172B

Life Under Japanese and Nazi Occupation

The people who lived in lands occupied by the Nazis and the Japanese were often offered brutal

treatment. Hitler’s forces sent Polish and Soviet Slavs to work as slave laborers and the Jewish

people got the same and worse in Nazi “death camps.” The Japanese killed and tortured Asians

whom they claimed to help free from Western colonial rule.

The “Road of Life”: Siege of Leningrad

Check out Billy Joel’s Leningrad

Japan Attacks the United States

When the U.S. banned the sale of war materials to Japan after its invasion of French Indochina,

Japan and the U.S. participated in fruitless talks. Japanese General Tojo ordered an attack on

the American fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This led to a declaration of war by the U.S.

Section 2: The Axis Advances

Color Transparency 175:

Pearl Harbor

Progress Monitoring Transparency

Note Taking Transparency 172A

Color Transparency 175: Pearl Harbor

Note Taking Transparency 172B

Progress Monitoring Transparency (1 of 2)

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Progress Monitoring Transparency (2 of 2)

In-Class ActivitySummarize and Analyze Section 2

1. The Axis Attacks

2. The Blitz

3. Germany Invades the Soviet Union

4. The Holocaust

5. Life Under Nazi/Japanese Occupation

6. Japan Attacks US

7. Role of US before and after joining Allies

Assignment 1Assignment 11. Read text, pp. 924-929, identifying 8

new terms and answering 4 Checkpoint questions.

2. Take Section Auto-test

Last SCA:

The Appeal of June 18, due by email 3/28

Assignment 2Assignment 21. Answer captions on pp. 925 and 929

questions. Study PP slides.

2. Complete Map Skills Activity, pp.928 answering questions.

3. Complete Note Taking Activity: Sequence of German Aggression, pp. 927

Assignment 3Assignment 31. Read text, pp. 930-935, identifying 5 new

terms and answering 2 Checkpoint questions.

2. 2 Infographics: Surviving the Blitz and The Holocaust, answering Thinking Critically questions.

Last SCA:

The Appeal of June 18, due by email 3/28

Assignment 4Assignment 41.Read text, pp. 935-938 identifying 3 key terms

and answering 2 Checkpoint questions.

2.Answer caption question, pp 938

3.Study section 2 PP slides and take Auto-

Test

Assignment 5Assignment 51. Read text, pp. 939-942, identifying 4

new terms and answering 2 Checkpoint questions.

2. Complete Map Skills, pp. 943

Last SCA:

The Appeal of June 18, due by email 3/28