History of the Ancient and Medieval World

History of the Ancient and Medieval World

Walsingham Academy

Ms. Hockaday

Walsingham Academy

Ms. Hockaday

Beyond EuropeBeyond Europe

Starter- Read “Witness History” on page 472

• Respond to the following question:– How did a small number of Spanish

conquistadors conquer huge Native American empires?

The Renaissance

The VoyagesOf Discovery

The Reformation

The Scientific Revolution

NationalismIndigenous

Peoples

Whose viewpoint?

More ViewsMore Views

Conquest in the Americas• Columbus meets the Taínos

– Relationship went from good to bad…why?• Taínos didn’t pay homage to Christian symbols

• Columbus claimed land for Spain & took prisoners

• Conquistadors defeat Native Americans despite being outnumbered– How?

• Guns & cannons

• Armor

• Horses

• Diseases (no immunity)

Cortés Conquers Mexico• From Cuba; traveled to Tenochtitlan (Aztec)

• Through alliances w/others, Cortés was able to fight and conquer the Aztecs

• The emperor, Moctezuma, was willing to work with Cortés

• Cortés tricked him into signing over his land & treasures

Pizzaro Takes Peru

• Pizzaro was interested in the Incas in Peru

• After a civil war in Peru, Pizzaro captured the ruler & killed him

• Using their advantages (which were…?) they overran the Incans and added to the Spanish empire (Ecuador and Chile)

Effects of Spanish Conquistadors

• Spain becomes a superpower

• NA lost faith in their gods and converted to Christianity

• Most of the world is now connected by sea routes– Cultural diffusion

History Mind-Mapping: 5 W’s and an H (use handouts & pp. 472-476)• For each of the First Conquests in the

Americas, answer the following questions:– WHO:– WHAT: (ex—things were going well until Taínos

mistakenly did not recognize Christian symbols)– WHEN:– WHERE:– WHY:– HOW: (ex—disease)

Tonight’s Homework

• A CHANGE-

–READ Pages 477-481 and complete the Venn diagram on page 480

Starter: Read “Traveler’s Tales” on pp. 474-475

• Reply to the Thinking Critically Questions

• Be prepared to share your responses

Spain and Portugal

Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494

In-Class ActivityIn-Class Activity1. View The Last Conquistador Video Clip and answer questions

2. What were motivating factors of Portuguese and Spanish ventures beyond Europe?

3. Compare and contrast the patterns of Portuguese and Spanish ventures beyond Europe?

4. Identify technological advances which made possible the voyages of exploration during this period.

5. Name the cultural traditions that came together to shape life in the New World. How did the colonial social order reflect the interactions of these traditions?

Trade & The Struggle for North America

• Starter—Read the Biography on Jacques Cartier (page 483) answer the following question:– Why were Cartier’s discoveries undervalued

at the time?

Building New France

• Jacques Cartier claimed much of Canada or New France for the French

• Jesuits followed…why?

• First settlement: 1608 with Champlain’s colony in Quebec

• Farming was not pleasurable due to Canada’s climate; turned to fishing (cod), fur trapping & trading

The 13 English Colonies

• John Cabot: 1497; from Venetian discovered fishing grounds off the coast of Newfoundland & claimed the area for England

• 1st successful permanent colony was in 1607: Jamestown– Meant to bring wealth & prosperity; many died– Few survived with help from Native Americans– Growth of tobacco

The 13 English Colonies

• Plymouth, Massachusetts- Pilgrims in 1620 (Protestants who rejected the Anglican Church)

• Signed the Mayflower Compact

• Survived with help from Native Americans

The 13 English Colonies

Struggling For Power

French and Indian War (1763)

Treaty of Paris gave England control of North America

English colonies experienced self-government & when that was taken away, issues began…

Columbian Exchange

• Started with Columbus—hence the name

Disease Exchange

Changes In Europe1. What was one change caused by European

exploration?– Prices rose (inflation)– Capitalism (investing money to make a profit)– Mercantilism (export more than you import)

2. Imagine that you live in Europe in the 1600s. What is one way that the Columbian exchange might affect you?

– Exposure to new goods– Nobility less powerful; peasant: no change

Atlantic Slave Trade: Triangular Trade

Atlantic Slave Trade/ Middle Passage

1. What were two effects of the slave trade?– Many Africans died on trip to new world– Some societies and small states disappeared– New states that depended on slave trade

developed– Conflicts arose in Southern Africa

2. When did the slave trade officially end in the British empire?

– 1833

A tulip, known as "the Viceroy", displayed in a 1637 Dutch catalog.

Its bulb cost between 3000 and 4200 florins depending on size. A

skilled craftsman at the time earned about 300 florins a year

TULIPMANIA

was a period in the Dutch Golden Age during which contract prices for bulbs of the recently introduced tulip reached extraordinarily high levels and then suddenly collapsed. At the peak of tulip mania in February 1637, some single tulip bulbs sold for more than 10 times the annual income of a skilled craftsman. It is generally considered the first recorded speculative bubble (or economic bubble), The term "tulip mania" is now often used metaphorically to refer to any large economic bubble (when asset prices deviate from intrinsic values).

Assignment 1: In-Class Activity

Assignment 1: due Wed. 5/1Assignment 1: due Wed. 5/1

• Study slides 2-4 and anticipate the questions.

• Read photocopies:– The Search for Spices– Conquest in the Americas– Spanish and Portuguese Colonies

• Using complete sentences,

answer 6 Review Questions

• Follow link and read.

Astrolabe: Paris Observatory(A School Project: Made by 16-year-old)

Assignment 2: due Wed., 5/1Assignment 2: due Wed., 5/1

1.Read text, pp. 477-481

2.Complete Graphic Organizers: Spanish Colonies in America, Empires in the Americas.

A Missionary Protests

How does the painting of the mine (pp. 477) at Potosí reinforce Las Casas’s view?

Assignment 3: due Thurs. 5/2 Assignment 3: due Thurs. 5/2

•Read photocopies:Turbulent Centuries in AfricaStruggle for North America

Changes in Europe

•Using complete sentences,answer 6 Review Questions

Native village (North Carolina) as seen by artist John White of

Sir Walter Raleigh’s expedition, 1585

Assignment 4: due Fri. 5/3 Assignment 4: due Fri. 5/3 1. Read text, pp. 491-497

2. Define mercantilism, capitalism.

3. Complete Graphic Organizers: Recognize Sequence.

4. Explain how Tulipmania reflected the economic changes of its time.

Uniting the World

How do the visuals reinforce the idea that Smith expresses?

Question 1

Why were Portugal and Spain the leaders in European exploration?

Question 2

How did the Portuguese and the Spanish differ in their approaches to exploiting new lands?

Question 3

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