herbicides and cover crops: problems and possibilities · herbicides and cover crops: problems and...
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![Page 1: Herbicides and Cover Crops: Problems and Possibilities · Herbicides and Cover Crops: Problems and Possibilities Lee Briese Doctor of Plant Health. CCA, Certified Crop Advisor @Lee_Briese](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022042210/5eadd3e4c68bf54bf950c658/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Herbicides and Cover Crops: Problems and Possibilities
Lee BrieseDoctor of Plant HealthCCA, Certified Crop Advisor
@Lee_Briese
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It all starts with Goals
• Water management• Wind erosion• Water erosion• Salinity• Diversity
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Earth Day 2015
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May 2017
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“Snirt”
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Where to find information?
• USDA Cover Crop Periodic table• Midwest Cover Crop Council selector tool• NDSU weed guide
– Other state weed guides• Use botanical classification
– (cross reference)• Use you knowledge of crops, weeds and
herbicides• Experiment
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Cover Crop Chart “Periodic table”
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Midwest Cover Crop Council
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• NDSU weed guide: rotation restrictions of 4 months or less = safe
• If you follow these recommendations there will not be much time for covers
Herbicide Labels
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Herbicide Information
• Weed guides• Herbicide Handbook
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Herbicide Selection
• Fit herb to weeds
• Fit cover crop to herb
• Do NOT recommend fitting herb to cover crop
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• Benefit vs risk
• Need weed control
• Herbs last for 2-4 weeks of control– Max 6 weeks
Risk Mitigation
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• Will have 90% of information needed
• Can have errors• Need to connect the
dots
• Page 107 Herbicide Residue and Fall Cover Crop Establishment
Extension Weed Guide
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NDSU Soil Health bottom of page
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Better information
Description PagePlant back intervals 6Herbicide site of action 100Herbicide Carryover 102Crop rotation restrictions 104Herbicide residue and cover crops 107Grazing restrictions 110Herbicide efficacy 113Herbicide components 120
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• Topramezone + dimethenamid
• Impact + Outlook• 3-9 month restriction
(sugar beet 18)• Short residual ~ 3
weeks– Grasses, most mustards
will be fine– Legumes risky
Armezon Pro
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• Clorpyralid + acetochlor + mesotrione
• Stinger + Harness + Callisto
• 10.5-18 months• Long residual 4-6
weeks– Rye, Flax– Maybe barley, wheat,
radish– No legumes,
Resicore
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Educated Guess
• Consider weather• Degradation method• Estimate injury
potential• Tolerate some injury
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5 “Food Groups” Concept
1. Cool season grasses
2. Cool season broadleaves
3. Warm season grasses
4. Warm season broadleaves
5. Legumes
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Gateway cover crops
• Cereal Rye• Radish• Turnip• Oats• Barley
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Cereal Rye
• Use to manage excess water• Good weed control
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Radish
• Use to reduce water• Reduces compaction• Good frost tolerance• Deep tap root• Fast growth• 1-3#/a
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Turnip
• Similar to radish• Better forage• May not winter kill• 1-3#/a
https://www.clarindaherald.com/news/local/cover-crops-cover-chances-of-soil-loss/article_7e70dc6a-feab-11e6-94e5-3766148c46e2.html
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Oats
• Less water usage• Better for sandy ground• Good vs wind erosion• Lower frost tolerance• Can control volunteer in
wheat• 30-50#/a
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Barley
• Saline tolerant• More frost tolerant
than oats• High herbicide
tolerance• Fast growth• 30-70#/a
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Mixes
• Target goals!• Keep it simple• $10-12 for seed• Know how to kill
covers• 30-70#/a good
starting rate– 1 bu grass– 1 # radish
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Drill vs broadcast
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Cover crop / Herb plot
• Sprayed July 14• Broadcast every 7 days• Not replicated• Water/soil affected
stand• All pics taken Oct 4
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1. Huskie2. Callisto3. Resicore4. Spartan5. Engenia6. Armezon Pro7. Sencor8. Dual9. Atrazine10. Select11. Check x2
Covers and Herbicides1. Cereal rye2. Oats3. Barley4. Millet5. Flax6. Buckwheat7. Red clover8. Crimson clover9. Dwarf essex10. Turnip11. Radish12. Kale13. Camelina
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1 Day After Treatment/July 15
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7 Days/July 21
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14 Days/July 29
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22 Days/Aug 5
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28 Days/Aug 12
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35 Days/Aug 19
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14 Days After Treatment
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1. Huskie2. Callisto3. Resicore4. Spartan5. Engenia6. Armezon Pro7. Sencor8. Dual9. Atrazine10. Select11. Check x2
Covers and Herbicides1. Cereal rye2. Oats3. Barley4. Millet5. Flax6. Buckwheat7. Red clover8. Crimson clover9. Dwarf essex10. Turnip11. Radish12. Kale13. Camelina
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Observations
• Lot of rain in 2019• Some injury at 1 day after spraying
– No grass in Select plot– No broadleaves in Armezon Pro or Resicore
• 1-3 species dominated – Was diff at each broadcast timing
• Excess water stress more of problem• Want to test notill vs conv till
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Discussion @Lee_Briese