Health Impacts of Air Pollution on Health Impacts of Air Pollution on CommunitiesCommunities

Source Category Regulations Source Category Regulations

Dan DonohoueDan DonohoueAir Resources Board Air Resources Board California Environmental Protection California Environmental Protection

AgencyAgency

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OverviewOverview

• Assessing Community Health Assessing Community Health ImpactsImpacts

• Assessment ResultsAssessment Results

• Regulatory ActionsRegulatory Actions

• Assistance to Local AgenciesAssistance to Local Agencies

• Wrap UpWrap Up

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Assessing Community Assessing Community HealthHealth

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Planning Planning ToolsTools•Air Quality Standards / State Air Quality Standards / State

Implementation PlansImplementation Plans

•Diesel Risk Reduction PlanDiesel Risk Reduction Plan

•Children’s Environmental Health Children’s Environmental Health ActAct

•Goods Movement Emission Goods Movement Emission Reduction PlanReduction Plan

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Diesel Risk Reduction PlanDiesel Risk Reduction Plan

• Need to reduce emissions from all Need to reduce emissions from all diesel sourcesdiesel sources

• Goal is 85% reduction in emissions Goal is 85% reduction in emissions by 2020by 2020

Diesel PM risk

Diesel PM Responsible for Diesel PM Responsible for 70% of Year 2000 70% of Year 2000

Statewide Risk from Air Statewide Risk from Air Toxics EmissionsToxics Emissions

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Children’s Environmental Health Children’s Environmental Health ActAct

• Special community-focused Special community-focused monitoring for children’s health monitoring for children’s health impacts (SB25)impacts (SB25)– Barrio LoganBarrio Logan– WilmingtonWilmington– Fruitvale (Oakland area)Fruitvale (Oakland area)– FresnoFresno– Boyle HeightsBoyle Heights– CrockettCrockett

Goods Movement Emission Goods Movement Emission Reduction PlanReduction Plan• Railroad Health Risk Assessments Railroad Health Risk Assessments

(part of MOU)(part of MOU)

• Port of LA/Long BeachPort of LA/Long Beach

• Port of Oakland (under development)Port of Oakland (under development)

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Assessment Assessment ResultsResults

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What have the results told What have the results told us?us?

• Diesel PM – primary source of cancer riskDiesel PM – primary source of cancer risk

• Directly emitted PM and secondary PM Directly emitted PM and secondary PM from NOx – primary source of noncancer from NOx – primary source of noncancer riskrisk

• Mobile sources predominate region Mobile sources predominate region impactimpact

• Other toxics play a role in near source Other toxics play a role in near source riskrisk

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What are the risks?What are the risks?

• High traffic freeways: 300-1,700/millionHigh traffic freeways: 300-1,700/million

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What are the risks?What are the risks?

• Port of LA/Long Beach: Port of LA/Long Beach: 10-500+/million10-500+/million

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What are the risks?What are the risks?

• Roseville Railyard: 10-500/millionRoseville Railyard: 10-500/million

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2005 Statewide Non-Cancer 2005 Statewide Non-Cancer Health Impacts from Goods Health Impacts from Goods MovementMovement

4.4 4.4 millionmillion

Absences/restricted Absences/restricted daysdays

62,00062,000Asthma/other Asthma/other respiratoryrespiratory

5,1005,100Acute bronchitisAcute bronchitis2,0002,000Hospital admissions Hospital admissions

(lung)(lung)

830830Hospital admissions Hospital admissions (heart)(heart)

2,4002,400Premature death*Premature death*Cases/Cases/YearYear

*Uncertainty range is 720 to 4,100 deaths/year

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Bottom Bottom LineLine

• To improve community health we To improve community health we need to significantly reduce PM and need to significantly reduce PM and NOx emissions NOx emissions

• Reduce near source risks from toxic Reduce near source risks from toxic sourcessources

Regulatory Regulatory ActionsActions

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Overview of Regulatory Overview of Regulatory ProcessProcess

Adopted ATCMs reducing:

arsenicasbestos benzene

1,3 butadienecadmiumdiesel PMdioxins

ethylene oxideformaldehyde

hexavalent chromiumlead

methylene chloridenickel

perchloroethylenetrichloroethylene

Adopted ATCMs reducing:

arsenicasbestos benzene

1,3 butadienecadmiumdiesel PMdioxins

ethylene oxideformaldehyde

hexavalent chromiumlead

methylene chloridenickel

perchloroethylenetrichloroethylene

Public Hearing Board to Adopt ATCM

Develop Regulatory Concept

Public WorkshopsDraft Staff Report

Review Sources and Control Technologies

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Toxic Control MeasuresToxic Control Measures

ATCMs reduce air toxics ATCMs reduce air toxics risks from neighborhood risks from neighborhood sources….sources….

Service Stations

Automotive Repair and RefinishingDry Cleaners

Chrome Plating

Burn Barrels

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Reducing Emissions and Reducing Emissions and RiskRisk

……. and also from industrial . and also from industrial sourcessources

Cooling Towers

Metal Melting

Medical Waste Incinerators

EtO Sterilzers

Asbestos in Surfacing and Construction and Mining

Diesel PM and NOx Diesel PM and NOx RegulationsRegulations

Low sulfur diesel fuel Low sulfur diesel fuel Transport refrigeration units Transport refrigeration units Truck idling limitsTruck idling limitsTransit buses and refuse trucksTransit buses and refuse trucksStationary and portable enginesStationary and portable enginesAgricultural enginesAgricultural enginesInternational trucksInternational trucksBan on ship incinerationBan on ship incinerationShip auxiliary engine fuelsShip auxiliary engine fuelsCargo handling equipment Cargo handling equipment Gas forkliftsGas forklifts

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Rulemakings in the Rulemakings in the WorksWorks

• Commercial harbor craftCommercial harbor craft

• Speed limits for ships Speed limits for ships

• Shore power for ships Shore power for ships

• Port trucks Port trucks

• Privately-owned trucks Privately-owned trucks

• Ship main engine fuelShip main engine fuel

• Cleaner shipsCleaner ships

(2007-2008)(2007-2008)

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Assistance to Local Assistance to Local AgenciesAgencies

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Guidance Guidance AvailableAvailable

• Risk Assessment GuidelinesRisk Assessment Guidelines

• HARPHARP

• Risk Reduction Guidance Risk Reduction Guidance – Risk Reduction Audit and Plan by Source Risk Reduction Audit and Plan by Source

Categories Categories

• Risk Management Guidance Risk Management Guidance – Lead Risk ManagementLead Risk Management– Risk Management Guidelines Risk Management Guidelines

• Land Use HandbookLand Use Handbook

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Wrap Up Wrap Up

• Continue aggressive regulatory Continue aggressive regulatory program to reduce diesel PM, PM, program to reduce diesel PM, PM, NOx and toxicsNOx and toxics

• Support local actionsSupport local actions

• Push federal/international Push federal/international standardsstandards

• Work with stakeholdersWork with stakeholders

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Where to find documents: Where to find documents:

www.arb.ca.gov/diesel