hcn poisoning
TRANSCRIPT
SARAVANAN.GBVN 11060
HCN POISONING
SOURCESHCN content is high in plant&
ingest large amounts in short timeAccidental ingestion of KCN Malicious
CYNOGENIC PLANTS
Nearly 120 plantsCommon-Acacia leucophloea, Lotus,
Sorghum Vulgaris, Nerium oleander, Zea mays, Sugarcane leaves,Tapioca
Plant containing >20mg of HCN/100 gm is toxic
Acacia leucophloea
Lotus sp
Sorghum vulgaris
Nerium oleander
Zea mays
Sugarcane leaves
Tapioca leaves
SPECIESCattle and Buffaloes – commonMonogastric animals – Resistance
due to destruction of glycoside by gastric acidity
FACTORSStage of growth of plantsClimatic ConditionsSoil compositionUse of fertilizers and weedicidesProcessing of material
Cynogenic GlycosidesLinseed meal – LinamarinLotus - Lotaustralin or
LotusinSorghum - DhurrinBitter almonds- Amygdalin
CAUSE OF DEATH Death is due to Cytotoxic Anoxia
not due to Histotoxic hypoxia as thought earlier
CLINICAL EVIDENCEPer acute case – Death with in 10
minsMost of the cases are untreatedIf the animal consumes large quantities
of plant it dies within few minutes.
ACUTE CASE Excitement, Staggering, Muscle tremor, Dyspnea, hyperaesthesia, Hypersalivation, Bright red mucosa, Dilatation of pupil, Nystagmus, Convulsion Bloat
CHRONIC CASE
Sometimes observed in Horses and Cattle.
Urinary incontinence, Loss of hair are the clinical signs but not proved
PM LESIONSHaemorrhages Unclotted blood and Bright red
colourBitter almond smell – stomachLab analysis of Stomach, Liver,
Muscles reveals presence of HCN
DIAGNOSIS History and Clininal SignsPicric acid paper test
PICRIC ACID PAPER TEST FORMATION OF PICRIC ACID PAPER Add 5gm sodium carbonate & 0.5gm picric
acid in 100 ml distilled water. Cut the filter paper in required size Immerse the filter paper in above solution
for 1 hr an then dry it
PROCEDURETake 1 ml of test solution in a test
tube & add water and chloroformHang the filter paper above the test
tube and heat the test tubeAfter 3 to 4 min If the colour of the
paper changes from yellow to brown or orange it indicates positive reaction
DDNitrate/Nitrite poisoningNacl poisoningCO2 poisoningCO poisoning
TREATMENT
PER KG BODY WT
Sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3)- 660 mg
Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) -20 mgSafest drug : Sodium thiosulphate
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