hazmat gen

8/10/2019 HazMat Gen

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HazardousMaterials

Subpart H


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Subpart H Standards

1910.101 Compressed Gases

1910.102 Acetylene

1910.103 Hydrogen

1910.104 Oxygen

1910.105 Nitrous Oxide 1910.106 Flammable and Combustible

Liquids


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Subpart H Standards

1910.107 Spray Finishing using

Flammable and Combustible

Materials

1910.108 Dip Tanks containing

Flammable and Combustible

Liquids

1910.109 Explosives and Blasting Agents


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Subpart H Standards

1910.110 Storage and Handling of

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

1910.111 Storage and Handling of

Anhydrous Ammonia

1910.119 Process Safety Management of

Highly Hazardous Chemicals

1910.120 Hazardous Waste Operations

and Emergency Response


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Subpart H Standards

1910.123 Dipping and coating

operations: Coverage and

Definitions

1910.124 General Requirements for

Dipping and Coating

Operations


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Subpart H Standards

1910.125 Additional Requirements for

Dipping and Coating

Operations that use Flammableor Combustible Liquids

1910.126 Additional Requirements for

Special Dipping and CoatingOperations


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Definitions

Hazardous Chemical

Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)

term that denotes any chemical that would be a

risk to employees if exposed in the work place


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Definition

Highly Hazardous Chemical

OSHA term that denotes any chemical that

would posses toxic, reactive, flammable or

explosive properties


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Flammable and

Combustible Liquids

1910.106


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Definitions

Aerosol

Aerosol shall mean a material which is

dispensed from its container as a mist,

spray, or foam by a propellant under

pressure


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Definitions

Approved

Approved shall mean an approved or listed

by a national recognized testing laboratory

Such as:

Underwriters Laboratories (UL) or

Factory Mutual (FM)


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Definitions

Boiling Point

Boiling point shall mean the boiling point of

a liquid at a pressure of 14.7 pounds per

square inch absolute (psia). The pressure is

equivalent to 760 millimeters of mercury(760 mm Hg)

Liquid changes into a vapor


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Definitions

Boiling Point

At temperatures above the boiling, the pressure of

the atmosphere can no longer hold the liquid in the

liquid state and bubbles begin to form.

The lower the boiling point, the greater the vapor

pressure at normal ambient temperatures and

consequently the greater the risk.


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Definitions

Container

Container shall mean any can, barrel, or drum


15/92

Definitions

Closed Container

Closed container shall mean a container so

sealed by means of a lid or other device that

neither liquid or vapor will escape from it at

ordinary temperatures


16/92

Definitions

Fire Area

Fire area shall mean an area of a building

separated from the remainder of the

building by construction having a fire

resistance of at least 1 hour and having all

communicating openings properly protected

by an assembly having a fire resistance

rating of at least one hour.


17/92

Definitions

Flash Point

Flash point means the minimum

temperature at which a liquid gives off

vapor within a test vessel in sufficient

concentration to form an ignitable mixture

with air near the surface of the liquid. The

flash point is normally an indication of

susceptibility to ignition.


18/92

Definitions

Combustible Liquid

Combustible liquid means any liquid having

a flash point at above 100F (37.8 C).

Combustible liquids are divided into two

classes:

Class II

Class III


19/92

Definitions

Class II Liquids

Class II liquids shall include those with a

flash point at or above 100F (37.8C) and

below 140F (60C)


20/92

Definitions

Class III Liquids

Class III liquids shall include those with

flash points at or above 140F (60C).

Class III are divided into two classes:

Class IIIA

Class IIIB


21/92

Definitions

Class IIIA Liquids

Class III liquids shall include those with

flash points at or above 140F (60C) and

below 200F (93.3C)


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Definitions

Class IIIB Liquids

Class IIIB liquids shall include those with a

flash point at or above 200F (93.3C).

This section does not regulate Class IIIB

liquids.


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Definitions

NOTE:

When a combustible liquid is heated to

within 30F (16.7C) of its flash point, it

shall be handled in accordance with the

requirements for the next lower class of

liquids


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Definitions

Flammable Liquid

Flammable liquid means any liquid having

a flash pointbelow 100 F(37.8 C)

Flammable liquids shall be known asClass I liquids


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Definitions

Class I liquids are divided into three classes:

Class 1A

Class 1B

Class 1C


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Definitions

Class 1A

Class 1A shall include liquids having flash

points below 73 F (22.8C) and having a

boiling point below 100 F (37.8C)

Examples: Ethyl Ether, Isopropyl Chloride,

Pentane


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Definitions

Class 1B Liquids

Class 1B shall include liquids having flash

points below 73F (22.8C) and having a

boiling point at or above 100F (37.8C)

Example: Acetone, Gasoline, Toluene


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Definitions

Class 1C

Class 1C shall include liquids having flash

points at at or above 73F (22.8C) and

below 100F (37.8C)

Examples: Amyl Alcohol, Naphtha, Xylene


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Flash

Point

200F

140F

100F

73F

Boiling Point

100F

IA IB

IC

II

IIIACombustible

Flash Point

> 100F

Flammable

Flash Point

< 100F


30/92

Definitions

Portable Tank

Portable tank shall mean a closed container

having a liquid capacity over 60 U.S.

gallons and not intended for fixed

installation


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Definitions

Safety Can

Safety can means an approved container, of not

more than 5 gallons capacity, having a spring-

closing lid and spout cover and so designed that it

will safely relieve internal pressure when subject to

fire exposure


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Definitions

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure is a measure of a liquids

propensity to evaporate.

The higher the vapor pressure, the more

volatile the liquid and, thus, the more

readily the liquid gives off vapors


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Flammable (Explosive) Limits

Flammable Range

The range of a combustible vapor or gas-air

mixture between the upper and lower flammable

limits.

Also, known as the explosive range.


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Lower Flammable Limit

The lowest concentration at which a combustible

gas forms a flammable mixture.

Below the LFL there is too little combustible fuel

to sustain a flame.

Also, known as Lower Explosive Limit or LEL.


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Upper Flammable Limit

The highest concentration at which a combustible

gas forms a flammable mixture.

Above the UFL there is too little oxygen to sustain

a flame. Better known as too rich to burn.

Also, known as Upper Explosive Limit or UEL.


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Hazardous Material LFL UFL

Butane 1.9 8.5

Ethylene Oxide 3.0 100.0

Gasoline 1.4 7.6 Hydrogen 4.0 75.0

Isopropyl Alcohol 2.0 12.7

Propane 2.1 9.5


37/92

Flammable and Combustible Liquids


38/92

Introduction

The two primary hazards

associated with flammable

and combustible liquids

are explosionandfire

Safe handling and storage

of flammable liquids

requires the use ofapproved equipment and

practices per OSHA

standards


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Classes of Some Flammable Liquids

CLASS IA

CLASS IB

CLASS IC

Common Name Flash Point (o

F)

Ethyl Ether -49

Gasoline -45Methyl Ethyl Ketone 21

Toluene 40

Xylene 81-115

Turpentine 95


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Program Components

Control of ignition sources

Proper storage

Fire control Safe handling

A good plan for safe use of flammable and

combustible liquids contains at least these

components:


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Sources of Ignition

Open flames

Smoking Static electricity

Cutting and welding

Hot surfaces

Electrical and mechanical sparks

Lightning

Must take adequate precautions to prevent ignition of

flammable vapors. Some sources of ignition include:


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Static Electricity

Generated when a fluid flows through a pipe

or from an opening into a tank

Main hazards are fire and explosion from

sparks containing enough energy to ignite

flammable vapors

Bonding or grounding of flammable liquid

containers is necessary to prevent static

electricity from causing a spark


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Industrial PlantsGrounding

Class I liquids shall

not be dispensed into

containers unless thenozzle and container

are electrically

interconnected


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Bonding

Physically connect two

conductive objects together

with a bond wire to eliminate a

difference in static charge

potential between them

Must provide a bond wire

between containers during

flammable liquid filling

operations, unless a metallicpath between them is

otherwise present


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Grounding

Eliminates a difference in static

charge potential between

conductive objects and ground

Although bonding will eliminate adifference in potential between

objects, it will not eliminate a

difference in potential between

these objects and earth unless one

of the objects is connected toearth with a ground wire


46/92

Ventilation

Always provide adequate ventilation

to reduce the potential for ignition of

flammable vapors.


47/92

Storage Fundamentals

Identify incompatible chemicalscheck the

Material Safety Data Sheet

Isolate and separate incompatible materials

Isolate by storing in another area or room

Degree of isolation depends on quantities,

chemical properties and packagingSeparate by storing in same area or room, but

apart from each other


48/92

Storage of Flammable

and Combustible Liquids

Storage must not limit the use ofexits, stairways, or areas normallyused for the safe egress of people

In office occupancies:

Storage prohibited except thatwhich is required for maintenanceand operation of equipment

Storage must be in:

closed metal containers insidea storage cabinet, or

safety cans, or

an inside storage room

Inside storage room


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Safety Cans for Storage and Transfer

Approved container of

not more than 5 gallons

capacity Spring-closing lid and

spout cover

Safely relieves internalpressure when exposed

to fire


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Flame Arrester Screen

Prevents fire flashback into can

contents

Double wire-mesh construction

Large surface area provides rapiddissipation of heat from fire so

that vapor temperature inside can

remains below ignition point


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Storage Cabinets

Not more than 60 gal of Class Iand/or Class II liquids, or not more

than 120 gal of Class III liquids

permitted in a cabinet

Must be conspicuously labeled,Flammable - Keep Fire Away

Doors on metal cabinets must have a

three-point lock (top, side, and

bottom), and the door sill must beraised at least 2 inches above the

bottom of the cabinet


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Fire Control

Suitable fire control devices, such as

small hose or portable fire extinguishers

must be available where flammable or

combustible liquids are stored

Open flames and smoking must not be

permitted in these storage areas

Materials which react with water must

not be stored in the same room with

flammable or combustible liquids


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Transferring Flammable Liquids

1. Through a closed piping system

2. From safety cans

3. By gravity through an approved self-

closing safety faucet

4. By means of a safety pump

Since there is a sizeable risk whenever flammable

liquids are handled, OSHA allows only four

methods for transferring these materials:


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Self-Closing Safety Faucet

Bonding wire

between drum and

container Grounding wire

between drum and

ground Safety vent in drum


55/92

Safety Pump

Faster and safer than using afaucet

Spills less likely

No separate safety vents in

drum required Installed directly in drum

bung opening

Some pump hoses have

integral bonding wires


56/92

Waste and Residue

Waste drum with

disposal funnelSafety disposal can Oily-waste can

(self-closing lid)

Combustible waste and residue must be kept to a minimum,stored in covered metal receptacles and disposed of daily.

Container and Portable Tank


57/92


Storage

This section applies only to the storage of

flammable and combustible liquids indrums or other containers not exceeding

60 gallons individual capacity and portable

tanks of less than 660 gallons individualcapacity.



58/92


Storage

Only approved containers and portable tanks may

be used to store flammable and combustible

liquids

Metal containers and portable tanks must meet

DOT requirements

Design Construction and


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Design, Construction and

Capacity of Storage Cabinets

Not more than 60 gallons of Class I and/ or Class

II liquids, or not more than 120 gallons of ClassIIIliquids may be stored in an individual cabinet



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The standard permits both metal and

wooden storage cabinets

Cabinets shall be designed and constructed

to limit internal temperatures to not more

than 325F when subject to a standardized10-minute fire test



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The bottom, top, door, and sides of metal

cabinets shall be at least 18 gauge sheet

metal and double walled with a 1 -inchair space

The door shall be provided with a threepoint lock and the door sill shall be raised at

least 2-inches above the bottom of the

cabinet

Design and Construction of


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Inside Storage Rooms

Construction is to comply with test

specifications outlined in NFPA 251

Openings to other rooms or buildings shall

be provided with non-combustible liquid-

tight raised sills or ramps at least 4-inchesin height, or the floor in the storage area

shall be at least 4-inches below the

surrounding floor



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Opening shall be provided with approved

self-closing fire doors

The room shall be liquid tight where the

floor joins the floor

Electrical wiring for Class I liquids will

comply with Class I, Division 2 hazardous

locations



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In each storage room, an aisle of at least

3 feet in width will be maintained

Containers over 30 gallons capacity shall

not be stacked

Containers will be at least 3 feet from

sprinkler heads


65/92

Fire Control

At least one portable fire extinguisher having a

rating of not less than 12-B units shall be locatedoutside of, but not more than 10 feet from, the

door opening into any room used for storage.


66/92

Maximum Quantities

The quantity of liquid

that may be located

outside of an insidestorage room or

storage cabinet in a

building or in any one

fire area of a buildingshall not exceed:

25 gallons of Class IA

liquids in containers

120 gallons of Class

IB, IC, II, or III liquids

in containers

660 gallons of Class

IB, IC, II, or III liquids

in a single portable

tank.


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Service Stations

No smoking or open

flames in areas used

for fueling, servicingfuel, etc.

Conspicuous signs

must be posted.


68/92

Liquid Transfer

If gravity transfer is

used, must be through

an approved self-closing valve.

Transferring by means

of air pressure on the

container or portabletanks shall be

prohibited.


69/92

Handling Liquids

Flammable liquids

shall be kept in

covered containerswhen not actually in

use.


70/92

Housekeeping

Combustible waste

and residue shall be

kept to a minimum,stored in covered

metal receptacles, and

disposed of daily


71/92

Safe Handling Fundamentals Carefully read the manufacturers label on

the flammable liquid container beforestoring or using it

Practice good housekeeping in flammable

liquid storage areas Clean up spills immediately, then place the

cleanup rags in a covered metal container

Only use approved metal safety containersor original manufacturers container to storeflammable liquids

Keep the containers closed when not in useand store awa from exits or assa ewa s


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Summary

The two primary hazards associated with flammable and

combustible liquids are explosion and fire

Safe handling and storage of flammable liquids requires

the use of approved equipment and practices per OSHA

standards

An excellent reference on this topic is National Fire

Protection Association Standard No. 30,Flammable and

Combustible Liquids Code


73/92

Spray Finishing

1910.107


74/92

Definitions

Aerated Solid Powders

Aerated powders shall mean any powdered

material used as a coating material which shallbe fluidized within a container by passing air

uniformly from below. It is common practice to

fluidize such materials to form a fluidized

powder bed and then dip the part to be coated

into the bed in a manner similar to that used in

liquid dipping. Such beds are also used as

sources for powder spray operation


75/92

Definitions

Spraying Area

Any area in which dangerous quantities of

flammable vapors or mists, or combustible

residues, dusts, or deposits are present due

to the operation of spraying processes.


76/92

Definitions

Spray Booth

A power-ventilated structure provided to

enclose or accommodate a spraying

operation to confine and limit the escape of

spray, vapor, and residue, and to safely

conduct or direct them to an exhaust system


77/92

Definitions

Waterwash spray booth

A spray booth equipped with a water

washing system designed to minimize dusts

or residues entering exhaust ducts and to

permit the recovery of overspray finishing

material


78/92

Definitions

Dry spray booth

A spray booth not equipped with a water

washing system as described in

subparagraph (4) of this paragraph.


79/92

Definitions

Dry spray booth

A dry spray booth may be equipped with

distribution or baffle plates to promote an even flow ofair through the booth or cause the deposit of overspray

before it enters the exhaust duct; or

overspray dry filters to minimize dusts or residuesentering exhaust ducts; or

where dry powders are being sprayed, with powder

collection systems so arranged in the exhaust to capture

oversprayed material.


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Separation of Operations

Each spray booth shall be separated from

other operations by:

not less than 3 feet or

by a partition or wall to reduce danger

3 feet

3 ft 8 feet


81/92

Sources of Ignition

There will be no open flame or spark

producing equipment in any spray area nor

within 20 feet

Space heating appliances, steam pipes, or

hot surfaces shall not be located in the sprayarea


82/92

Electrical

Class I or Class II, Division 1 Locations

The interior of spray booths or rooms

The interior of exhaust ducts

Any area in the direct path of spray

operations


83/92

Electrical

Class I or Class II, Division 2 Locations

For open spraying, all space outside of butwithin 20 feet horizontally and 10 feet

verticallySpray Area

20


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Closed Top/Open Face Booth


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Enclosed Spray Booth or

Room


86/92

Open Spraying

Locations


87/92

1910.119(a) Purpose


88/92

( ) p

This section contains requirements for preventing or

minimizing the consequences of catastrophic releasesof:

Toxic,

Reactive,

Flammable, or

Explosive chemicals

These releases may result in toxic, fire or explosion

hazards

1910.119(a)(1)Application


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( )( ) pp

A process which involves a chemical at or above the

specified threshold quantities listed in Appendix A

A process which involves a flammable liquid or gas

(as defined in 1910.1200(c) of this part) on site in one

location, in a quantity of 10,000 pounds (4535.9 kg) or

more


90/92

Review

What is a flammable liquid?

What is a combustible liquid?

A Class 1A flammable liquid has a flash

point of less than?


91/92

Review

What is the maximum amount of a 1A

liquid that can be stored outside of a

flammable storage cabinet or room?

A 12B fire extinguisher must be located

within _______ feet of flammable liquidstorage room.


92/92

Review

Spray finishing can be a hazardous activity.

True or False

Each spray booth must be separated by

___ feet or a wall or partition from other

operations.

S b h i

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