Harmonised conditions for the marketing of common

cements

Ing. Lukáš PeřkaResearch Institute of Binding Materials Prague, Ltd.

Na Cikánce 2, Praha 5, Czech Republic perka@vumo.cz

Research Institute of Binding Materials Prague, Ltd.

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Standardization – Centre of technical standardization

Free Trade within EU

For a free product placement within EU market must be ensured harmonised conditions for the marketing of products.

For construction products – Regulation EU No. 305/2011 laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/106/EEC of 21 December 1988.

Regulation describes seven basic requirements for construction works:

- mechanical resistance and stability;- safety in case of fire;- hygiene, health and the environment;- safety and accessibility in use;- protection against noise;- energy economy and heat retention;- sustainable use of natural resources.

Construction Product Regulation and European Standards- harmonisation

If the requirements described in the standard are in the compliance with the requirements of Regulation → Standard is harmonized with Regulation → harmonized European standard of product.

The European Commission assigns the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) to prepare and approve the draft of European standard.

Two conditions for the application of European standards:

1. The standard must be approved by CEN.

2. The standard must be announced in OJEC.

CEN/TC 51 – Technical committee

Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”

CEN/TC 51 prepares European standards for:

• common cement and special cements;

• other hydraulic binders;

• building limes;

• conformity evaluation;

• methods of testing.

EN 197-1

Cement – Part 1: Composition, specification and conformity criteria for common cements

EN 197-1 defines and gives the specifications of 27 distinct common cements, 7 sulfate resisting common cements, 3 distinct low early strength blast furnace cements,2 sulfate resisting low early strength blast furnace

cements and their constituents.

This harmonised European standard is completed by

- EN 197-2 Conformity evaluation

- EN 196 Methods of testing cement (Part 1 – 10).

EN 197-1cement types

According to the content of the main components the cements are grouped into five main cement types:

CEM I Portland cement; CEM II Portland-composite cement; CEM III Blast furnace cement; CEM IV Pozzolanic cement; CEM V Composite cement

and furthermore there are also each types of cement differ in the content of main components

→ 27 products in the family of common cements

Main types Notation of the 27 products(types of common cement)

Composition (percentage by massa)

Main constituents

Minor additional constituents

ClinkerBlast-furnace

slag Silica fume

Pozzolana Fly ash

Burnt shale Limestonenatural

natural calcinedsiliceous

calca-reous

K S Db P Q V W T L LL

CEM I Portland cement CEM I 95-100 – – – – – – – – – 0-5

Portland-slag CEM II/A-S 80-94 6-20 – – – – – – – – 0-5

cement CEM II/B-S 65-79 21-35 – – – – – – – – 0-5

Portland-silica fume cement CEM II/A-D 90-94 – 6-10 – – – – – – – 0-5

CEM II/A-P 80-94 – – 6-20 – – – – – – 0-5

Portland-pozzolana CEM II/B-P 65-79 – – 21-35 – – – – – – 0-5

cement CEM II/A-Q 80-94 – – – 6-20 – – – – – 0-5

CEM II/B-Q 65-79 – – – 21-35 – – – – – 0-5

CEM II/A-V 80-94 – – – – 6-20 – – – – 0-5

CEM II Portland-fly ash CEM II/B-V 65-79 – – – – 21-35 – – – – 0-5

cement CEM II/A-W 80-94 – – – – – 6-20 – – – 0-5

CEM II/B-W 65-79 – – – – – 21-35 – – – 0-5

Portland-burnt CEM II/A-T 80-94 – – – – – – 6-20 – – 0-5

shale cement CEM II/B-T 65-79 – – – – – – 21-35 – – 0-5

Portland-limestonecement

CEM II/A-L 80-94 – – – – – – – 6-20 – 0-5

CEM II/B-L 65-79 – – – – – – – 21-35 – 0-5

CEM II/A-LL 80-94 – – – – – – – – 6-20 0-5

CEM II/B-LL 65-79 – – – – – – – – 21-35 0-5

Portland-composite cementc

CEM II/A-M 80-88 ‹---------------------------------------------------- 12-20 ---------------------------------------------------›0-5CEM II/B-M 65-79 ‹----------------------------------------------------- 21-35 --------------------------------------------------›

Blast furnacecement

CEM III/A 35-64 36-65 – – – – – – – – 0-5

CEM III CEM III/B 20-34 66-80 – – – – – – – – 0-5

CEM III/C 5-19 81-95 – – – – – – – – 0-5

CEM IV Pozzolanic CEM IV/A 65-89 – <------------------- 11-35 --------------------> – – – 0-5

cementc CEM IV/B 45-64 – <------------------- 36-55 --------------------> – – – 0-5

CEM VComposite CEM V/A 40-64 18-30 – <-------- 18-30 --------> – – – – 0-5

cementc CEM V/B 20-38 31-49 – <-------- 31-49 --------> – – – – 0-5

a The values in the table refer to the sum of the main and minor additional constituents.b The proportion of silica fume is limited to 10 %.c In Portland-composite cements CEM II/A-M and CEM II/B-M, in pozzolanic cements CEM IV/A and CEM IV/B and in composite cements CEM V/A and CEM V/B the main constituents other than clinker shall be declared by designation of the cement (for examples, see Clause 8).

EN 197-1mechanical requirements

Standard strength

- compressive strength at 28 days (EN 196-1);

- strength classes [MPa]: 32,5; 42,5; 52,5.

Early strength

- compressive strength at 2 or 7 days (EN 196-1);

- early strength classes [MPa]:

- ordinary: N;

- high: R;

- low: L (only applicable for CEM III cements).

EN 197-1physical requirements

Initial setting time

- determined in accordance with EN 196-3,

- 32,5 Mpa ≥ 75 minutes;

- 42,5 Mpa ≥ 60 minutes;

- 52,5 Mpa ≥ 45 minutes.

Soundness

- determined in accordance with EN 196-3,

- expansion ≤ 10 milimetres.

Heat of hydration

- determined in accordance with EN 196-8 or EN 196-9;

- for low heat common cements ≤ 270 J/g.

EN 197-1chemical requirements

The chemical properties of the cements of the cement type and strength class shall conform to the requirements listed in following table when tested accordance with the referred standard.

Property Test reference

Cement type Strength class

Requirementsa

Loss on ignition EN 196-2 CEM ICEM III

All≤ 5,0 %

Insoluble residue EN 196-2 b CEM ICEM III

All≤ 5,0 %

Sulfate content (as SO3)

EN 196-2

CEM ICEM IIc

CEM IVCEM V

32,5 N32,5 R42,5 N

≤ 3,5 %

42,5 R 52,5 N52,5 R ≤ 4,0 %

CEM IIId All

Chloride content EN 196-2 all e All ≤ 0,10 %f

Pozzolanicity EN 196-5 CEM IV All Satisfies the test

a Requirements are given as percentage by mass of the final cement.b Determination of residue insoluble in hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate.c Cement types CEM II/B-T and CEM II/B-M with a T content > 20 % may contain up to 4,5 % sulfate (as SO3) for all strength classes.d Cement type CEM III/C may contain up to 4,5 % sulfate.e Cement type CEM III may contain more than 0,10 % chloride but in that case the maximum chloride content shall be stated on the packaging and/or the delivery note.f For pre-stressing applications cements may be produced according to a lower requirement. If so, the value of 0,10 % shall be replaced by this lower value which shall be stated in the delivery note.

EN 197-1durability

In many applications, particularly in severe environmental conditions, the choice of cement has an influence on the durability of concrete, mortar and grouts, e.g. frost resistance, chemical resistance and protection of reinforcement. Alkalis from cement or other concrete constituents may react chemically with certain aggregates. Adequate requirements are given in EN 206-1.

EN 197-1sulfate resistance

Sulfate resisting common cement shall fulfil the additional chemical requirements specified in following table. Sulfate resisting common cements shall be identified by the notation SR.

Property Test reference Cement type Strength class Requirementsa

Sulfate content(as SO3)

EN 196-2

CEM I-SR 0CEM I-SR 3CEM I-SR 5b

CEM IV/A-SRCEM IV/B-SR

32,5 N32,5 R42,5 N

3,0 %

42,5 R52,5 N52,5 R

3,5 %

C3Ain clinkerc

EN 196-2d

CEM I-SR 0

All

= 0%

CEM I-SR 3 3 %

CEM I-SR 5 5 %

- e CEM IV/A-SRCEM IV/B-SR 9 %

Pozzolanicity EN 196-5 CEM IV/A-SRCEM IV/B-SR All

Satisfies the test

at 8 days

a Requirements are given as percentage by mass of the final cement or clinker as defined in the table.b For specific applications cements CEM I-SR 5 may be produced according to a higher sulfate content. If so the numerical value of this requirement for higher sulfate content shall be declared on the delivery note.c The test method for the determination of C3A content of clinker from an analysis of the final cement is under development in CEN/TC51. d In the specific case of CEM I, it is permissible to calculate the C3A content of clinker from the chemical analysis of the cement. The C3A content shall be calculated by the formula: C3A = 2,65 A – 1,69 F (see 5.2.1). e Until the test method is finalised the C3A content of clinker (see 5.2.1) shall be determined on the basis of the analysis of clinker as part of the manufacturer's Factory Production Control (EN 197-2:2000, 4.2.1.2).

EN 197-1standard designation

Portland cement EN 197-1 – CEM I 42,5 R

Portland cement, conforming to EN 197-1, of strength class 42,5 with high early strength

Portland-composite cement EN 197-1 – CEM II/A-M (S-V-L) 32,5 R

Portland-composite cement, conforming to EN 197-1, containing in total a quantity of granulated blast furnace slag (S), siliceous fly ash (V) and limestone (L) of between 12 % and 20 % by mass and of strength class 32,5 with high early strength

Blast furnace cement EN 197-1 – CEM III/B 32,5 N – LH/SR

Blast furnace cement, conforming to EN 197-1, containing between 66 % and 80 % by mass of granulated blast furnace slag (S), of strength class 32,5 with an ordinary early strength and a low heat of hydration and sulfate resisting.

EN 197-1conformity criteria

Conformity of the products to this standard shall be continually evaluated on the basis of testing of spot samples. The properties, test methods and the minimum testing frequencies for the auto control testing by the manufacturer are specified in this standard also. Concerning testing frequencies for cement not being dispatched continuously and other details see EN 197-2.

EN 197-1Annex ZA - harmonization

The clauses of this European standard, shown in this Annex ZA, meet the requirements of the mandate given under the EU Construction Products Directive (89/106/EEC). When compliance with the conditions of this Annex ZA is achieved, the certification body shall draw up a certificate of conformity (EC Certificate of conformity), which entitles the manufacturer to affix the CE marking.

EN 197-1CE marking

0123

AnyCo Ltd, PO Box 21, B-1050The registered address

1101233-CPD-0234

EN 197-1:2011CEM I 42,5 R – SR 3

Additional information

Thank you for your attention.