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Oncology Nursing Review

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Oncology defned

Branch of medicinethat deals with thestudy, detection,treatment andmanagement of cancerand neoplasia

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Root words

Neo- newPlasia- growthPlasm- substance

Trophy- sizeOma- tumor

!tatis- location

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Root words

"- none"na- lac#$yper- e%cessive&eta- change'ys- bad( deranged

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)haracteristics o* Neoplasia+ncontrolled growth o* "bnormal cells, .enign/ &alignant

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)haracteristics o* Neoplasia.0N12N3ell-di4erentiated!low growth0ncapsulatedNon-invasive

'oes NOT metastasize

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)haracteristics o* Neoplasia&"512N"NT+ndi4erentiated0rratic and +ncontrolled 2rowth0%pansive and 1nvasive!ecretes abnormal proteins

&0T"!T"!160!

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Nomenclature o*Neoplasia Tumor is named according to7, Parenchyma( Organ or )ell

$epatoma- liverOsteoma- bone&yoma- muscle

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Nomenclature o*Neoplasia Tumor is named according to7/ Pattern and !tructure( either 2RO!! or

&1)RO!)OP1)8luid-flled )9!T2landular "'0NO

8inger-li#e P"P155O!tal# PO59P

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Nomenclature o*Neoplasia Tumor is named according to7: 0mbryonic origin

0ctoderm ; usually gives rise toepitheliumuamos cell )arcinoma

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&"512N"NT T+&OR

Named according to embryonic cellorigin

/ &esodermal( connective tissue origin+se the su=% !"R)O&"8ibro!arcoma

&yosarcoma"ngio!arcoma

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P"!"3"9

, O&" but &alignant$epatO&"( lymphO&"( gliO&"( melanO&"

/ T$R00 germ layersT0R"TO&": Non-neoplastic but O&"

)horistoma

$amatoma

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)"N)0R N+R!1N2

Review o* Normal )ell )ycle: types o* cells

, P0R&"N0NT cells- out o* the cell cycleNeurons( cardiac muscle cell

/ !T".50 cells- 'ormant?Resting ;2@ue"void e%posure to crowds

"void giving *resh *ruits and veggie$andwashing"void *re>uent invasive procedures

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Nursing 1ntervention&"N"20 )O&P51)"T1ON7 !eptic shoc#&onitor C!( .P( temp"dminister 1C antibiotics

"dminister supplemental O/

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Nursing 1ntervention&"N"20 )O&P51)"T1ON7 .leeding

Thrombocytopenia ;J,@@(@@@< is the mostcommon causeJ/@( @@@ spontaneous bleeding+se so*t toothbrush+se electric razor"void *re>uent 1&( 1C( rectal andcatheterization!o*t *oods and stool so*teners

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" >uic#overview

RADIATION

THERA !

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RADIATION THERA !"#EANIN$

It is the #EDI&A' use of highioni(ing radiation)Also *nown as

RadiotherapyRadiation oncology

Often a++re iated as

RTRT-.RT

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RADIATION THERA !"/R O0E&urati e

&ontrol or *ill malignant cellsAd1u ant therapy

re ent tumor recurrenceafter surgery to remo e aprimary malignant tumoralliati e

rolong sur i al

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RADIATION THERA !"T! E02) E-ternal Beam Radiation Therapy

Intensity3modulated radiationtherapy 4I#RT5A*a HIR&HART0tereotactic Radiation

Therapy&I 4 rophylactic &ranialIrradiation5

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RADIATION THERA !"T! E06) INTERNA' RADIATION THERA !

A7A BRA&H!THERA !

a) 'O83DO0E3RATE TREAT#ENT3 cancer cellsrecei e continuous low3dose radiation fromthe source o er a period of se eral days)

+) HI$H3DO0E3RATE TREAT#ENT3 a ro+oticmachine attached to deli ery tu+es placedinside the +ody guides one or moreradioacti e sources into or near a tumor, andthen remo es the sources at the end of eachtreatment session)

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RADIATION THERA !"T! E09) 0!0TE#I& RADIATION

THERA ! -1n systemic radiationtherapy( a patient swallowsor receives an inKection o* aradioactive substance

Radioactive iodine

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R"'1"T1ON T$0R"P97 !1'00880)T!

&ommon";atigueNausea with or without omiting

#outh, throat, stomach sores0welling'ate side e