Green Cloud Computing …For Environment Sustainability !

The Green Cloud Computing is to optimize computing resources to minimize the environmental footprint. This included the control of materials, energy, water and other scarce resources, but also the limitation of e-waste from the manufacture to the recycling of the components.

Definition

According to Christopher Mines Research Director Forrester Research

Following are the key considerations in Cloud computing which are keeping it greener…

1. Resource virtualization, enabling energy and resource efficiencies.2. Automation software, maximizing consolidation and utilization to drive efficiencies.3.Pay-per-use and self-service, encouraging more efficient behavior and life-cycle management.4. Multitenancy, delivering efficiencies of scale to benefit many organizations or business units.

Virtualization, Consolidation, Utilization and Multitenancy in Cloud Computing leads to Energy Efficiency and Resource Efficiency and accelerates green IT.

Methods to Calculate Environmental Foot Print

1. PUE(Power Usage Effectiveness)-This is the ratio of the total energy consumption of the infrastructure(Building) and the consumption of computer devices (Processors, Memory, Networks)

PUE = Total Power Consumption/Computer Device Power Consumption

2. CUE(Carbon Use Effectiveness)-Calculates the amount CO2 emitted per Kwh used. This value depends on the technology used to produce electricity. CUE=(KgC02/Kwh)*PUE

3. REB(Coeficient of Renewable Energy)-To determine the environmental impact of a data center. REB=Quantity of Renewable Energy Used/Total Amount of Energy Used. Calculates the amount of CO2 emitted per Kwh used.

4. DCP(Data Center Productivity)-It is amount of useful work done by data center. DCP=Total Useful Work/Total Resources Used to this work.

5. CPE(Computer Power Efficiency)-Calculates the total amount of power truly used for computing. CPE=IT Equipment Utilization Energy/PUE

6. ERF( Energy Resource Factor)-Calculates the reusable energy(generated by solar power, hydro power..etc) used by data center. ERF= Used of Reused Energy/Total Energy Used by IT Equipment.

7.WUE(Water Usage Effectiveness)-Calculated amount of water used by data center yearly. WUE=Annual Usage of Water/Total Energy Used IT Equipment.

8. ERE(Energy Resource Effectiveness)-It is a parameter for measuring the profit of reuse energy from a data centre. ERE=(Total Energy-Reused Energy)/Total Energy Used IT Equipment.

9.DciE(Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency)-It is used to calculate the energy efficiency of data center. DciE=(Total IT Equipment Power/Total Facility Power)*100

10.SWaP(Space, Wattage and Performance)-It is used to calculate the Space and Energy Required by Data Center. Swap=Performance/(Space*power)

11.GEC(Green Energy Coefficient)-It Calculates the amount of green energy used to provide services to data centre. GEC=Green Energy Consumed/Total Energy Consumed.

Areas to Achieve Green Cloud

1.Cloud Physical Infrastructure. a) Data Centers b) Network Devices 2. Software Using in Cloud.

1.Cloud Physical Infrastructure.a) Data CentersData Center Power Consumption= Cooling Devices(42%)+IT Equiment(30%)+ Electrical and Power Distribution Units(28%)

b) Network DevicesPower consumption varies wired networks to wireless networks, total distance of the data travelled, the total numbers of devices like routers, switches, hubs and gateways.According to the study conducted by Tucker public Cloud is estimated to consume about 2.7 J/b in transmission and switching in comparison to 0.46J/b for a private Cloud. 2. Software using in Cloud.We have to reduce the power consumption for running applications and achieving higher performance. Mayo Study is helpful for the research and analysis of trade-off between performance and energy consumption due to execution of software on multiple platforms and hardware.

Techniques to Achieve Green Cloud

1.Dynamic Provisioning2.Multitenancy3.Virtualization and Sever Utilization4.Data Center Efficiency.

1.Dynamic ProvisioningCloud providers monitor and predict the demand and thus allocate resources according to demand. Those applications that require less number of resources can be consolidated on the same server. Thus, datacenters always maintain the active servers according to current demand, which results in low energy consumption than the conservative approach of over-provisioning.

2. Multi TenancyUsing multi-tenancy approach, Cloud computing infrastructure reduces overall energy usage and associated carbon emissions. The SaaS providers serve multiple companies on same infrastructure and software.

3.Virtualization and Sever UtilizationIn general, on-premise infrastructure run with very low utilization ,sometimes it goes down up to 5 to 10 percent of average utilization. Using virtualization technologies, multiple applications can be hosted and executed on the same server in isolation, thus lead to utilization levels up to 70%. Thus, it dramatically reduces the number of active servers. Even though high utilization of servers results in more power consumption, server running at higher utilization can process more workload with similar power usage.

4.Data Center Efficiency.

The server design in the form of modular containers, water or air based cooling, or advanced power management through power supply optimization, are all approaches that have significantly improved PUE in datacenters. In addition, Cloud computing allows services to be moved between multiple datacenter which are running with better PUE values. This is achieved by using high speed network, virtualized services and measurement, and monitoring and accounting of datacenter

Architecture of Green Cloud Computing