EDWARD C. ROBISON, PE10012 CREVISTON DR NWGIG HARBOR, WA 98329

253-858-0855elrobison@narrows.com

14 April 2010Architectural Railing DivisionC.R.Laurence Co., Inc.2503 E Vernon Ave.Los Angeles, CA 90058(T) 800.421.6144(F) 800.587.7501www.crlaurence.com

SUBJ: CRL UNIVERSAL WALL MOUNTED GLASS AWNING BRACKETGAB24, GAB36, GAB48

The CRL universal wall mounted glass awning bracket utilizes stainless steelfittings to construct wall mounted cantilevered glass awnings using 9/16” twoply laminated tempered glass. The system is intended for interior and exteriorweather exposed applications and is suitable for use in all natural environments.The system may be used for residential, commercial and industrial applications.The Glass Awning Brackets are designed for the following criteria:

The design loading conditions are:Concentrated load = 50 lbs any direction, any locationUniform load = 25 psf vertical, live, wind or snow load

Higher uniform loads may be allowed depending on glass strength and size asshown herein.

The glass awning is not intended to support significant concentrated live loads orpersonnel. It shall not be used to walk, stand or step on.

The Glass Awning Brackets will meet or exceed all requirements of the 1997Uniform Building Code, 2000, 2003 and 2006 International Building Codes, and2007 California Building Code. Stainless steel components are designed inaccordance with SEI/ASCE 8-02 Specification for the Design of Cold-FormedStainless Steel Structural Members. Anchorages to wood are designed inaccordance with the National Design Specification for Wood Construction.Calculations PageAwning dimensions 2Wall Mounting Bracket 3 – 4Wall Mounting Bolts/Anchors 4 – 5Allowable Bracket Loads 6 – 8Glass Strength 9Allowable Uniform Loads 10 - 11RB50F Glass Fitting 12

Edward Robison, P.E.Attachments – Bracket details 3 pages

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CRL GLASS AWNING SUPPORT SYSTEM

Support hardware for flat panel awnings such as tempered laminated glass.

Dimensions a and c ≥ 2”.Dimension b is either 17”, 29” or 41”Dimension B is ≤ 24”, 36” or 48”Dimension d ≥ 2”Dimension e based on allowablebracket load and glass strength.

GAB24 Bracket

GAB36 Bracket

GAB48 Bracket

ab

c

d e d

L

B

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Wall Mount

All bracket sizes use the same wallmount. Bracket bar is welded to thewall plate which is bolted to the wall.

Fabricated from 304 stainless steel

Check strength of bar weld to wallplate:3/8” bevel weld with convex finishboth sides. Weld filler is E316

The weld will provide full penetrationweld and develop full bar strength.

Tension strength of weld:Pn = LtFua = 6”*0.5”*75ksi = 225k

Shear strength of weld at wall plate:Vn = (0.7-0.009L/t)tLFuaVn = (0.7-0.009*6/.75)(2*0.375”)*6”*75ksi = 211.95kor:Vn = 0.75twLFxx = 0.75*(0.707*.375*2)*6”*75ksi = 178.96k

Vs = 0.65*178.96k = 116.3k ≤ 0.55*211.95 = 116.57k

Allowable moment on the bracket based on weld strength:

Mn = 6”/2*116.3k = 348.9k”

Strength of bar at edge of weld:Z = 0.5”*6”2/4 = 4.5 in3

øMn = 0.9*4.5in3*30ksi = 121.5k” (bar yield strength controls load).

Maximum factored moment on the bar [1.2D+(1.6S or 1.6W)] or [1.2D+0.75(W+S)]or for uplift [0.9D+1.6W]Mu = 121.5k”

Design attachment to wall for the imposed moment:Loads resisted by couple formed between bolts and plate edge, rotation about edge ofplate.

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Maximum bolt tension based on plate bending:Plate bending will occur along a diagonal linefrom top edge face of bar to edge of plate nearother bolt.

bend length = 2.75”+2.75”*√2 = 6.64”Moment arm = 1.375”Z = 6.64”*0.52/4 = 0.415in3

øMnp = 0.9*45 ksi*0.415in3 = 16,807#”

Maximum bolt tension based on wall platebending :M = T*1.375” = øMn = 16,807#”T =16,807#”/1.375 = 12,223#

Check maximum bolt tension based on bracket plate strength:Bolt tension from ∑M about edge of wall plate:M = 0 = 4.625”*T*2 + 1.375”*(1.375/4.625)*T*2 +MuT = 121,000#”/[2*4.625+1.375*1.375/4.625] = 12,527#

Check strength based on anchor alternatives:1/2” Bolts:At = 0.1419 in2

Fnt = 100,000 psi DIN 933-A2 or strongerøPn = øAtFnt = 0.75*0.1419in2*100,000psi = 10,642#Shear load will be carried by the bolts closest to the compression face of the couplewhich will be lightly loaded in tension so no reduction for shear load is required.

For bolting to steel frame the maximum moment based on the bolt tension:Ms = 10,642#*[2*4.625+1.375*1.375/4.625] = 102,793#”

For bolting to wood:For through bolts the maximum bolt tension can be the same as for steel provided properbearing plates are used on the nut side (3” x 3” x 1/4” plates or equivalent round washer).

For 1/2” Lag screws into Douglas Fir or Southern Pine:W = 378#/in,Minimum embedment depth of 5” (Lag into 6x beam or solid block)W’ = W*Cd = 375#”*1.15 for snow loads or 375#”*1.6 for wind loadsTa5 = 5”*378#”*1.15 = 2,175#Malag = 2,175#*#*[2*4.625+1.375*1.375/4.625] = 21,008#”

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For bolting to concrete:Hilti Kwik Bolt TZ in accordance with ESR-1917.1/2” diameter with 4” minimum embedment

Minimum conditions used for the calculations:f’c ≥ 3,000 psiedge distance = 2.75” minimum2 bolt group (consider only anchors in full tension load)For concrete breakout strength:Ncbg = [ANc/ANco]ϕed,Nϕc,Nϕcp,NNb

ANcg= (2.75”+1.5*4”)*(1.5*4”*2+3.25) = 133.4in2 For anchor groupANco= 9*42 = 144in2

Ca,min = 1.5*4” = 6Cac = 2.5*4” = 10ϕed,N = 1.0ϕc,N = 1.4 (post installed)ϕcp,N= 6/10 = 0.6 (ca,min ≤cac)Nb = 17*1.0*√3000*41.5 = 7,449#Ncb = 133.4/144*1.0*1.4*0.6*7,449 = 5,798#based on concrete breakout strength.Pullout strength = 2*5,760# = 11,520#Steel strength:Nts = 92,000psi*0.101in2 = 9,292# (each)

Concrete breakout strength in shear:Vcb = Avc/Avco(ϕed,Vϕc,Vϕh,VVb

Avc = 3(ca1)*4” = 3(2.75”)*4” = 33.0Avco= 4.5(ca1)2 = 4.5(2.75)2 = 34.0ϕed,V= 1.0 (affected by only one edge)ϕc,V= 1.4 uncracked concreteϕh,V= √(1.5ca1/ha) = √(1.5*2.75/4) =1.016Vb= [7(le/da)0.2√da]λ√f’c(ca1)1.5 = [7(4/0.5)0.2√0.5]1.0√3000(2.75)1.5 =1,874#Vcb = 33.0/34.0*1.0*1.4*1.016*1,874# = 2,587#

Factored moment:Msc = 0.75*11,520*4.625” = 39,960#”Service MomentMs = 39,960”#/1.6 = 24,975”#

Load Limit LBS Total Bracket Total Load Anchor Ma"# GAB24 GAB36 GAB48Steel 102793 17132 7614 4283Concrete 24975 4163 1850 1041Wood 21008 3501 1556 875

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For each size bracket determine maximum allowable loads on awning:

For GAB24:Glass width, B = 24”Bracket weight: Db = [0.5”*(6+2)/2]*24”*0.28#/ci +2*1.3# = 16#For 1/2” laminated glass (1/4”+.05”+1/4”) Dg = 2*2.9+0.5 = 6.3 psfL = glass length (ft)MDf = 16#*12”+(6.3psf*2’*L/2)*12” = 192#”+(75.6L)#”Snow load or Wind loadSb = (Spsf*2’*L/2) = S*L plfWb = (Wpsf*2’*L/2) = W*L plfMbS = S*L plf*12”MbW = W*L plf*12”

For service loads (Steel or concrete)Ms = 1.2*(192#”+(75.6L)#”) + 1.6(S*L#*12”) = 230.4#”+90.72L+19.2S*L orMs = 1.2*(192#”+(75.6L)#”) + 1.6(W*L#*12”) = 230.4#”+90.72L+19.2W*L orMs = 1.2*(192#”+(75.6L)#”) + 0.75[(S+W)*L#*12”] = 230.4#”+90.72L+9(S+W)*L orMs = 0.9*(192#”+(75.6L)#”) + 1.6(W*L#*12”) = 172.8#”+68.0L+19.2W*L for uplift

Based on glass strength the maximum bracket spacing, e = 8’-0” for 1/2” glass and 25psf wind or snow load. The maximum cantilever length, d = 4’-0”

Check brackets based on the maximum allowable length of 16’ (4’+8’+4’) with 25 psfload.Ms = 230.4 + 90.72*16’ + 19.2*25psf*16’ = 9,362#” orMs = 230.4#”+90.72*16+9(25+25)*16 = 8,882#”Ms = 172.8#”+68.0*16 - 19.2*25*16 = -6,419#” for uplift

For allowable loads (wood)Ma = (192#”+(75.6L)#”) + (S*L#*12”) = 192#”+75.6L+12S*L orMa = (192#”+(75.6L)#”) + (W*L#*12”) = 192#”+75.6L+12W*L orMa = (192#”+(75.6L)#”) + 0.75[(S+W)*L#*12”] = 192#”+75.6L+9(S+W)*L orMa = 0.6(192#”+(75.6L)#”) + (W*L#*12”) = 115.2#”+45.36L+12W*L for uplift

Check brackets based on the maximum allowable length of 16’ (4’+8’+4’) with 25 psfload.Ma = 192#”+75.6*16+12*25*16 = 6,202#” orMa = 192#”+75.6*25+9(25+25)*16 = 6,882#” orMa = 115.2#”+ 45.36*16 - 12*25*16 = -3,959#” for uplift

Attachments to wood, concrete or steel are adequate for the maximum canopy size and 25psf wind or snow loads.

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For GAB36:Glass width, B = 36”Bracket weight: Db = [0.5”*{(6+2)/2*24”+12*6}]*0.28#/ci +2*1.3# = 26.1#For 1/2” laminated glass (1/4”+.05”+1/4”) Dg = 2*2.9+0.5 = 6.3 psfL = glass length (ft)MDf = 26.1#*18”+(6.3psf*3’*L/2)*18” = 469.8#”+(170.1L)#”Snow load or Wind loadSb = (Spsf*3’*L/2) = 1.5S*L plfWb = (Wpsf*3’*L/2) = 1.5W*L plfMbS = 1.5S*L plf*18” = 27SLMbW = 1.5W*L plf*18” = 27SL

For service loads (Steel or concrete)Ms = 1.2*(469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + 1.6(S*L#*27) = 563.76#”+204.12L+43.2SL orMs = 1.2*(469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + 1.6(W*L#*27) = 563.76#”+204.12L+43.2WL orMs = 1.2*(469.8#”+(170.1L)#”)+0.75[(S+W)L#*27]=563.76#”+204.12L+20.25(S+W)LMs = 0.9*(469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + 1.6(W*L#*27) = 422.82#”+153.09L+43.2W*L uplift

Based on glass strength the maximum bracket spacing, e = 8’-0” for 1/2” glass and 25psf wind or snow load. The maximum cantilever length, d = 4’-0”

Check brackets based on the maximum allowable length of 16’ (4’+8’+4’) with 25 psfload.Ms = 563.76#”+204.12*16+43.2*25*16 = 21,110#”Ms = 563.76#”+204.12*16+20.25(25+25)*16 = 20,030#”Ms = 422.82#”+153.09*16 -43.2*25*16 = -14,408#” uplift

For allowable loads (wood)Ma = (469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + (S*L#*27”) = 469.8#”+170.1L+27S*L orMa = (469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + (W*L#*27”) = 469.8#”+170.1L+27W*L orMa = (469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + 0.75[(S+W)*L#*27] = 469.8#”+170.1L+20.25(S+W)*L orMa = 0.6(469.8#”+(170.1L)#”) + (W*L#*27) = 281.88#”+102.06L+27W*L for uplift

Check brackets based on the maximum allowable length of 16’ (4’+8’+4’) with 25 psfload.Ma = 469.8#”+170.1*16+27*25*16 = 13,991#” orMa = 469.8#”+170.1*16+20.25(25+25)*16 = 19,391#”Ma = 281.88#”+102.06*16 -27*25*16 = -8,885#”

Attachments to wood, concrete or steel are adequate for the maximum canopy size and 25psf wind or snow loads.

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For GAB48:Glass width, B = 48”Bracket weight: Db = [0.5”*{(6+2)/2*24”+24*6}]*0.28#/ci +2*1.3# = 36.2#For 1/2” laminated glass (1/4”+.05”+1/4”) Dg = 2*2.9+0.5 = 6.3 psfL = glass length (ft)MDf = 36.2#*20”+(6.3psf*4’*L/2)*24” = 724#”+(302.4L)#”Snow load or Wind loadSb = (Spsf*4’*L/2) = 2S*L plfWb = (Wpsf*4’*L/2) = 2W*L plfMbS = 2S*L plf*24” = 48SLMbW = 2W*L plf*24” = 48SL

For service loads (Steel or concrete)Ms = 1.2*(724#”+(302.4L)#”) + 1.6(S*L#*48) = 868.8#”+362.88L+76.8SL orMs = 1.2*(724#”+(302.4L)#”) + 1.6(W*L#*48) = 868.8#”+362.88L+76.8WL orMs = 1.2*(724#”+(302.4L)#”) +0.75[(S+W)L#*48]=868.8#”+362.88L+36(S+W)LMs = 0.9*(724#”+(302.4L)#”) + 1.6(W*L#*48) = 651.6#”+272.16L+76.8W*L uplift

Based on glass strength the maximum bracket spacing, e = 8’-0” for 1/2” glass and 25psf wind or snow load. The maximum cantilever length, d = 4’-0”

Check brackets based on the maximum allowable length of 16’ (4’+8’+4’) with 25 psfload.Ms = 868.8#”+362.88*16+76.8*25*16 = 37,395#” orMs = 868.8#”+362.88*16+36(25+25)*16 = 35,475#”Ms = 651.6#”+272.16*16 - 76.8*25*16 = -25,714#” uplift

For allowable loads (wood)Ma = (724#”+(302.4L)#”) + (S*L#*48”) = 724#”+302.4L+48S*L orMa = (724#”+(302.4L)#”) + (W*L#*48”) = 724#”+302.4L+48W*L orMa = (724#”+(302.4L)#”) + 0.75[(S+W)*L#*48] = 724#”+302.4L+36(S+W)*L orMa = 0.6(724#”+(302.4L)#”) + (W*L#*48) = 434.4#”+181.44L+48W*L for uplift

Check brackets based on the maximum allowable length of 16’ (4’+8’+4’) with 25 psfload.Ma = 724#”+302.4*16+48*25*16 = 24,762#” orMa = 724#”+302.4*16+36 (25+25)*16 = 34,362#” > 21,008#”Ma = 434.4#”+181.44*16 -48*25*16 = -15,863#”

Lwood ≤ 21,008/34,362*16 = 9.78’ = 9’-9”For attachment to wood maximum length L = 9’-9”

Attachments to concrete and steel are adequate for the maximum canopy size and 25 psfwind or snow loads.

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GLASS STRENGTHGlass is fully tempered 2 layer laminated safety glass conforming to the

specifications of ANSI Z97.1, ASTM C 1048-97b and CPSC 16 CFR 1201. Theminimum Modulus of Rupture for the glass Fr is 24,000 psi. Glass not used in guardrailsmay be designed for a safety factor of 2.5 in accordance with ASTM E1300-00.

Adjustment for laminated glass (both layers equal) = 1.7 single layer strengthAllowable glass bending stress: 24,000/2.5 = 9,600 psi. – Tension stressAllowable bearing stress = 24,000 psi/2.5 = 9,600 psi.

Bending strength of glass for the given thickness:S = 12”* (t)2 = 2* (t)2 in3/ft

6The effective section modulus for 2 layers of 1/4” glass:

S = 1.7*2*(0.223)2 = 0.169 in3/ft for long term loads (dead oad) orS = 2*(2*0.223)2 = 0.3978 in3/ft for short duration loads, (wind, snow or live).

Allowable bending moment on glass is:Mal = 9,600 psi*0.169 in3/ft = 1,622”#/ftMas = 9,600 psi*0.3978 in3/ft = 3,819”#/ft = 318.25’#/ft

Maximum bending moment will occur atcenter edge of the glass light:Mec = Ce*w*e2

Ce is from graph based on b/e where b isalways the smaller dimension.When b/e < 0.33 Ce may be taken as 0.125For concentrated loadsMl = 2CePe for concentrated load P at the lightcenter edgeMc = U*d2/2 at support axis

Mc = P*dDead load equivalent load = 0.3978/0.169*6.3 = 14.8For a design load of W = 25 psf (live or wind) or P = 50 lb loadU = 25+14.8 = 39.8psfBased on assumed b/e ≤ 0.33

e = [(3,819”#/12)*8/39.8psf]1/2 = 8’ = 96”e = 3,819”#*4/50 = 305.5” = 25.46’ concentrated loads won’t controld = [(3,819”#/12)*2/39.8psf]1/2 = 4’ = 48” Cantilevered lengthd = 3,819”#/50 = 76” concentrated loads won’t control

The allowable uniform load may be calculated using:U = [(318.25/Ce)/e2] orU = [(318.25/(4Ce))/d2]

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Allowable Uniform Load (U) in psf on 9/16” tempered laminated glass based on glassstrength:

For laminated annealed glass divide allowable uniform loads by 4.

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Allowable uniform load (U) in psf with awning length in feet based on bracket strength:

GAB24 Bracket – 24” glass widthUniform Load Support Canopy length Steel Concrete Wood

4 2141.5 520.4 437.66 1427.7 346.9 291.88 1070.8 260.2 218.810 856.6 208.2 175.112 713.8 173.5 145.916 535.4 130.1 109.4

GAB36 Bracket – 36” glass widthUniform Load Support Canopy length Steel Concrete Wood

4 951.8 231.3 130.16 634.5 154.2 86.88 475.9 115.6 65.110 380.7 92.5 52.112 317.3 77.1 43.416 237.9 57.8 32.5

GAB48 Bracket – 48” glass widthUniform Load Support Canopy length Steel Concrete Wood

4 535.4 130.1 109.46 356.9 86.8 72.98 267.7 65.1 54.710 214.2 52.1 43.812 178.5 43.4 36.516 133.8 32.5 27.3

Total loads are based on controlling load combination (use D = 14.8 psf):D+S or Sallowable = U-14.8D+W or Wallowable = U-14.8D+0.75(S+W) or Sallowable+Wallowable = 1.333U-19.30.6D+W (wind uplift case) Wallowable = U- 8.9The allowable load shall be the lesser of the allowable load on the bracket for the supporttype and the allowable load for the glass (graphs on page 10).

Wind loading shall be determined in accordance with ASCE/SEI 7-05 Chapter 6 for roofoverhangs or as required by the applicable building code.

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RB50Ffittings are connected together with1/4” stainless steel threaded rods.

Vs = 0.65*40.5 ksi*0.049 in2/1.6 = 806#Ts = 0.75*67.5ksi*0.0318 in2/1.6 = 1,006#

Torsion strength of swivel when clamped: = 0.65*1,006#*13/16 = 531”#

Moment strength of swivel:Bending in rod to fixed fitting:rod diameter = 3/8”, A = 0.11 in2

Z = 0.3753/6 = 0.0088 in3

Fb = 65 ksi (longitudinal compression)Mn = 65 ksi*0.0088 in3 = 572#”

Service loads on swivel:Allowable load will be controlled by the bending strength of the connection rod:Ms = 0.9Mn/1.6 = (0.9*572#”/1.6) = 322#”

For lateral loading, M = V*2.25”V = 322#”/2.25 = 143# per swivel

For normal loads, M = H*0.75”H = 322#”/0.75” = 429#

Check strength of fixed bracket to support ( 1/4” threaded rod)Ms = R*Ts = 13/16”*1,006# = 1,584#”

For lateral loading, M = V*2.25”V = 1,584#”/2.25 = 704# per swivel (limited to 143# from connector rod strength)

For normal loads, M = H*2.5”H = 1,584#”/2.5” = 633.6# (limited to 429# by connector rod strength.

Maximum vertical load per fitting = 429#For 4’*16’ awning maximum load:U = 429#/(4’*16’/4brackets) = 26.8psfSnow or wind load limited to 20 psf for maximum awning size or add fittings.Maximum size for 25 psf imposed load and 6.3 psf dead load with 4 fittings:A = 429#/(25+6.3)*4 = 454.8 sf