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GEOGRAPHY

2016 (A) ( NEW SYLLABUS )

SCHEME OF VALUATION

Subject Code : 24 (N/S)

Qn. No. Marks

I. Answer the following questions :

10 × 1 = 10

10 × 1 = 10

1. 68.09 years

68.09

2. Agri, Mining, Hunting etc.

3. Transportation is a service to the movement of goods and persons from one place to another.

4. New York

5. 1952

6. Govindsagar

7. Tea, coffee

8. Coal

9. Cotton & sugarcane

10. Hooghly river

Code No. 24 (N/S) 2

Qn. No. Marks

II. Answer any ten of the following questions :

10 × 2 = 20

10 × 2 = 20

11. Fresh coastal, open sea fishing

12. Collect wild fruits, roots, leaves etc.

13. Linear, rectangular, circular pattern

14. Early marriage, universal marriage, illiteracy, polygamy

15. Fuel and raw material in the preparation of paper &

fertilizers and chemical products.

16. Hatti Gold Field in Raichur (Gadag), Kapatta, Gudda

17. The water should fall from a sufficient height, cannot be

stored for a long time, huge capital investment to construct

the dam etc.

18. Mumbai is the leading cotton textile centre of India.

19. National highways, State highways, District roads, Village

roads.

20. They circle the earth and relay weather conditions, satellite

monitors crops.

3 Code No. 24 (N/S)

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Qn. No. Marks

21. Diseases related to respiratory, nervous and circulating

system, urban smog, acid rain and global warming.

22. It is caused by noise from various factories, works,

automobiles, aircrafts, loudspeakers etc.

III. Answer any eight of the following questions :

8 × 5 = 40

8 × 5 = 40

23. Human Geography — this includes the study of population,

economic activities, human settlements, human culture,

political aspects as well as human role in the modification of

the natural environment. The influence of early human

societies on the natural environment was minimal because

small nomadic population existed primarily through

hunting, fishing and gathering. Construction of permanent

dwelling and the eventual growth of settlements.

Throughout human history the physical environment has

provided raw material for human use and influenced

human activities.

24. The world population has crossed about 7 billions on March

2012, but the population of the world is unevenly

Code No. 24 (N/S) 4

Qn. No. Marks

distributed. The number of persons per unit area is usually

measured as number of persons per sq.km. The density of

world population has been divided into three regions.

They are :

i) Areas of high density :

Eastern, Southern and South-Eastern part of Asia,

North-Western part of Europe, Canada, USA etc.

ii) Areas of medium density :

Tropical regions, Argentina, South-East Africa and

Eastern Australia.

iii) Areas of low density :

North and South poles, Cold deserts, High rain fall

zones, Equator region.

2012 7

i)

ii)

iii)

25. The ratio between male and female population is called the

sex ratio. It is usually measured as the number of females

per thousand males.

Sex ratio = 1000populationMale

populationFemale

On an average a sex ratio of the world was 986 females per

1000 males during 2010 and it was reduced to 984 in 2011.

Age structure represents the number of people of different

age groups. It includes both male and female population.

Based on age population it can be classified into three

groups.

Age group Percentage

0-14 26·2

15-65 65·8

65> 8

5 Code No. 24 (N/S)

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Qn. No. Marks

986 1000 2011

984

i) 0 14 26·2

ii) 15 65 65·8

iii) 65 8

= × 1000

26. It is the fastest and costliest means of transportation. It is

preferred for long distance travel movements of perishable

and valuable commodities. It plays a vital role in the

emergencies like natural disaster, military personnel, air

force and navigation as it reaches even inaccessible

destinations faster. Air routes :

1. North & South America

2. Africa

3. Australia

4. The Russian International air routes.

20

Code No. 24 (N/S) 6

Qn. No. Marks

1.

2.

3.

4.

27. The rapid growth of population has led to a number of problems. The chief among them are as follows : 1. Unemployment and underemployment 2. Shortage of food and malnutrition 3. Burden of civic and social amenities 4. Low per capita income 5. Others.

1.

2.

3.

4.

28. Migration plays a very significant role in changing the

composition and distribution of population. It can be

classified into two groups.

1. Positive effects of migration - controls the high density

of population. It helps the people to get employment.

2. Negative effects of migration - it effects on density and

distribution of population, it effects on the job

opportunities of local people.

1.

2.

7 Code No. 24 (N/S)

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Qn. No. Marks

29. Tanks are natural or manmade hollows or depressions into which rain water is collected. Tank irrigation is widely practised in A.P. 29.8% T.N., Karnataka states, other states, U.P., M.P., Bihar etc. — The area under tank irrigation decreased from 4·6 million hectare in 1960-61 to 1·56 million hectare in 2007-08. It accounts for only 3·2% of total irrigated area in India.

29.8%,

1960-61 4·6

2007-08 1·56

3·2

30. The collection and storage of rain water used for human, animals and plant needs. It involves collection and storage of rain water at surface or in sub-surface before it is lost as surface runoff. It has been practised in our country since ancient times by diverting the rain water into tanks, ponds, small bunds etc.

Method I : In-situ method : 1. Infiltration pits, 2. Contour bunds and trenches, 3. Roof top water harvesting. Method II : Ex-situ method :

2

1. 2.

1. 2. 3.

31. The distribution of sugarcane cultivation in India is uneven.

Sugarcane is grown almost in all the states of the country, but it is mainly concentrated in U.P., Maharashtra, T.N., Karnataka, A.P., Gujarat, Haryana. About 95·13% of the total area and about 96·55% of total cultivated area under sugarcane was reported as 4·88 million hectares during 2010-11. This increased to 5·09 million hectares in 2011-12.

96·55

2011-12 5·09

2010-11 342·38 2011-12

357·67

Code No. 24 (N/S) 8

Qn. No. Marks

32. Coffee plantations are concentrated in southern part of India. Karnataka, Kerala & T.N. about 92% of the area under coffee plantation and 97·79% of the total production in the country. Conditions for growth — Coffee is a tropical crop, 15C to 30C temp., 150 to 200 cm rainfall. Hill slopes are suitable for the cultivation of coffee plants to avoid stagnant water, fertile soil etc.

1370 125 – 150

97·79%

15C - 30C 150 – 200

33. The first railway line in India was from Bombay (V.T.) to Thane a distance of 34 km opened on 16.4.1853, in 1853 from Madras to Arakonam 70 km, in 1874 from Calcutta to Ranijanj 180 km, then gradually railway lines were constructed to link different parts of the country. The country railways is about 64,460 km in length which is the 4th largest railway network in the world and first in Asia. The network operates in 28 states and 3 union territories.

16 1853

34

70 1874 180

64,460

7651 921

28 3

34. Urban centres are known for large amount of waste generation. It is a serious problem in India in metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore etc. About 90% of the solid waste is collected and disposed. These wastes should be treated as resources and utilized for generating power and compost etc. Urban waste disposal & effects — land degradation ultimately effects on Agri productivity.

90

9 Code No. 24 (N/S)

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Qn. No. Marks

IV. Answer any one :

1 × 10 = 10

1 × 10 = 10

35. India is endowed with fairly abundant reserves of iron ore. Jharkhand, Orissa, M.P., Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Goa 99%, total reserves 167 million tonnes in 2011-12 and 143 million tonnes in 2012-13. This is mainly due to discontinuation of mines in Karnataka and Goa owing to the Hon'ble Supreme Court.

67·0

33·4 30·5 13·2

2011-12 167·28

2012-13

143

36. A region which has a large concentration of one or different types of industries is known as an 'Industrial Region'. 1. The Hooghly-Kolkata region 2. The Mumbai-Pune region 3. The Ahmedabad-Vadodara region 4. The Madurai-Coimbatore-Bangalore region 5. The Chota Nagpur plateau region 6. Delhi-Merut region 7. Vishakhapatnam-Guntur region 8. Kollam-Thiruvananthapuram region.

8

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

Code No. 24 (N/S) 10

/ /

Qn. No. Marks

V. Answer the following questions :

2 × 10 = 20

2 × 10 = 20

37. Types Percentage Single lane 21 Double lane 54 Four/six/eight lane 25 100

%675100

36021

%4194100

36054

%490100

36025

360 Pie diagram

2011

21

54

/ / 25

100

%675100

36021

%4194100

36054

/ / 360

%490100

36025

5 5

11 Code No. 24 (N/S)

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Qn. No. Marks

38. a) Line graph

ox and oy draw line Title and scale According to scale to mark Find out the accurate points Overall to the given data

2 2 2 2 2

ox oy

2

2

2

2

2

b) Bar graph

ox and oy draw line Title and scale According to scale to bars Find out the accurate points Overall to the given data

2 2 2 2 2

ox oy

2

2

2

2

2

( Blind Candidates only )

39. Answer any two of the following :

2 × 10 = 20

2 × 10 = 20

a) Remote sensing is the science and art of obtaining

information about an object, area or phenomenon through

the analysis of data acquired by a device that is not in

contact with it. This is done by sensing and recording

reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing and

applying that information.

Satellites are the main sources of data collection for detail

study of phenomena related to earth surface through

satellite. We can collect data related to agriculture, forest,

urban land use / land cover, water, natural calamities etc.

Satellite data is better because it gives wide area coverage,

frequent revisits, high resolution, timely delivery, low labour

force and storage in digital format to support GIS

technology.

Code No. 24 (N/S) 12

Qn. No. Marks

b) GIS is a computer-based technology designed with software,

hardware, data procedure, network and live-wire (people) to

capture, store, retrieve, manipulate, analyse and display of

spatially referenced data on the earth's surface for solving

complex planning and management problems. GIS is

commonly known as Geo Information System.

GIS

GIS

c) GPS is a signal based navigational system to determine the

position of an area on the earth's surface.

1. Comparatively high positioning accuracy

2. It has an ability to determine the velocity & time

3. No user charges, low cost hardware, 24 hours a day

4. Position information is provided in three dimensions.

GPS

24 3D