fundamentals of information systems, second edition 1 telecommunications, the internet, intranets,...

Fundamentals of Information Systems, Second Edition

1

Telecommunications, the Internet, Intranets, and Extranets

Chapter 4


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Principles and Learning Objectives

• The effective use of telecommunications and networks can turn a company into an agile, powerful, and creative organization, giving it a long-term competitive advantage.

– Define the term telecommunications and identify and describe the function of the components of a telecommunications system.

– Identify and briefly describe three basic data processing strategies, including their advantages and disadvantages.


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• The Internet is like many other technologies - it provides a wide range of services, some of which are effective and practical for use today; others are still evolving, and still others will fade away from lack of use.

– Briefly describe how the Internet works, including alternatives for connecting to it and the role of Internet service providers.

– Identify and briefly describe common Internet services.


4


• Originally developed as a document-management system, the World Wide Web is a menu-based system that is easy to use for personal and business applications.

– Describe the World Wide Web and the way it works, including the use of Web browsers, search engines, Java, and other Web tools.

– Define the terms intranet and extranet and discuss how organizations are using them.

– Identify several control and management issues associated with the use of networks.


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Elements of a Telecommunications System


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Media Types


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Common Wiring and Cabling Types


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Common Telecommunications Devices


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Carriers and Services

• Common carriers

• Switched lines

• Digital subscriber lines (DSL)


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Costs, Advantages, and Disadvantages of Several Line and Service Types


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Networks and Distributed Processing

• Computer network - communications media, devices, and software needed to connect two or more computer systems.

• Centralized processing - processing occurs in a single location or facility.

• Decentralized processing - processing devices are placed at various locations.

• Distributed processing - computers are placed at remote locations but are connected to each other via telecommunications devices.


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Terminal-to-Host Connection


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File Server Connection


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Client/Server Connection


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A Typical LAN


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A Wide Area Network


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Connecting Computing Devices Using a Home Network


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Communications Software and Protocols

• Communications software - provides a number of important functions in a network

• Network operating system - controls the computer systems and devices on a network and allows them to communicate with each other

• Network management software - a manager can monitor the use of individual computers and shared hardware

• Communications protocol - rules and standards that make communications possible


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Common Communications Protocols


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Use and Functioning of the Internet


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U.S. Internet Usage by Age, Gender, Region, and Income


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Routing Messages Over the Internet


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How the Internet Works

• Internet Protocol (IP)

• Transport Control Protocol

• Uniform Resource Locator


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U.S. Top-Level Domain Affiliations


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Three Ways to Access the Internet


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A Representative List of Internet Service Providers


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Internet and Telecommunications Services


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Summary of Internet Services


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Common Abbreviations Used in Personal E-Mail


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Two Approaches to Electronic Data Interchange


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Public Network and Specialized Services


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The World Wide Web


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The World Wide Web

An Internet service comprising tens of thousands of independently owned computers that work together as one.

– Home page– Hypermedia– Hypertext markup language (HTML)


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Several Interesting Web Sites


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Sample HTML


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Search Engine


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Web Page Providing Java Applets


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Intranets and Extranets


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Intranets and Extranets

• Intranet – an internal corporate network built using Internet and WWW standards and products

• Extranet - a network that links selected resources of the intranet of a company with its customers, suppliers, or other business partners

• Virtual private network - a secure connection between two points across the Internet

• Firewall - a device that sits between your internal network and the outside Internet


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Summary of Internet, Intranet, and Extranet Users


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Virtual Private Network


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Net Issues


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Privacy and Security

• Cookie• Cryptography• Encryption• Digital Signature


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Cryptography


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Summary

• Networks - used to share hardware, programs, and databases across the organization.

• Internet - transmits data from one computer

(called a host) to another.

• The Web - a collection of tens of thousands of independently owned computers that work together as one in an Internet service.

fundamentals of information systems, second edition 1 telecommunications, the internet, intranets,...

Documents

computer systems

clientserver connection

host connection slide

typical lan slide

file server connection

use of networks

common internet services

term telecommunications