frontal weather property of lear siegler. elo 1: action: the student will identify the...
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FRONTAL WEATHER
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO 1:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the characteristics common to all characteristics common to all fronts.fronts.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about frontsinformation about fronts
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-1, Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-1, 10-210-2
FRONT - BOUNDARY BETWEEN AIR MASSES OF DIFFERENT DENSITY
COLDWARM
Property of Lear Siegler
H
H
L
Property of Lear Siegler
cP
mT
Frontal weather is caused by the lifting of warm moist air by colder more dense
air.ALL FRONTS HAVE
A TEMPERATURE INVERSION
FRONTAL DISCONTINUITIES
• TEMPERATURE
• DEWPOINT
• PRESSURE “FALL THEN RISE”
• WIND SHIFT : APPROX 90°
DRIFT CORRECTION TO THE RIGHT
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO 2:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the general characteristics of a cold general characteristics of a cold front.front.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about cold frontsinformation about cold fronts
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-3Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-3
CHARACTERISTICS OF A COLD FRONT
• Slope• Clouds• Width of weather band• Winds• Direction of movement• Speed• Symbol
a. Average Slope – 1:80
25 kts
Steep Slope 1:50
25 kts
Shallow Slope 1:100
a. Slope -1:80b. Cumuliform cloudsc. 50 mile wide band of coverage d. Winds NW behind front, SW aheade. Moves southeastf. 25 knots average speed
25 kts
Possible hail, destructive winds, and tornadoes
Squall Line
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear Siegler
SQUALL LINE
Property of Lear Siegler
Squall Line
Squall Line
Squall Line
Squall Line
ELO 3:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the general characteristics of a warm general characteristics of a warm fronts.fronts.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about warm frontsinformation about warm fronts
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-4Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-4
CHARACTERISTICS OF A WARM FRONT
• Slope• Clouds• Width of weather band• Winds• Direction of movement• Speed• Symbol
a. Slope - 1:200b. Stratiform clouds predominatec. 400-600 mile band of coveraged. Wind SW behind, SE ahead of the fronte. Moves Northeastf. 15kts avg speed
ST
NS
ASCS
Stratus
nimbo-
a. Slope - 1:200b. Stratiform clouds predominatec. 400-600 mile band of coveraged. Wind SW behind, SE ahead of the fronte. Moves Northeastf. 15kts avg speed
15 kts
Cold Air Moving SouthwardCold Air Moving Southward
Receding Cold AirReceding Cold Air Receding Cold AirReceding Cold Air
ELO 4:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the general characteristics of a general characteristics of a stationary front. stationary front.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about stationary frontsinformation about stationary fronts
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-6Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-6
CHARACTERISTICS OF A STATIONARY FRONT
• Slope – 1:200• Clouds - Stratiform• Width of weather band – 400 to 600 miles• Winds – 180o wind shift• Symbol
Stationary Front
Property of Lear Siegler
CHARACTERISTICS OF A STATIONARY FRONT
• Slope – 1:200• Clouds - Stratiform• Width of weather band – 400 to 600 miles• Winds – 180o wind shift• Symbol
• Direction of movement – unpredictable• Speed – 0 to 5 knots
Stationary Front
Property of Lear Siegler
ELO 5:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the characteristics of an open wave.characteristics of an open wave.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about open wavesinformation about open waves
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-7Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-7
OPEN WAVE
Property of Lear Siegler
Open Wave
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear Siegler
Property of Lear Siegler
Open Wave
Property of Lear Siegler
Open Wave
Property of Lear Siegler
Open Wave
ELO 6:
Action: The student will identify Action: The student will identify characteristics of an occluded characteristics of an occluded front. front.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about occluded frontsinformation about occluded fronts
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-5Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-5
Occlusion in Action…Occlusion in Action…
Occlusion in Action…
15 kts25 kts
5oC
Cold Front Warm Front10oC
Open Wave
Trailing EdgeLeading Edge
25 kts 15 kts
5oC10oC
Cold Occlusion
Property of Lear Siegler
Cold Occlusion
5o C10 o C
Warm Air
15 kts25 kts
10oC
Cold Front Warm Front5oC
Open Wave
Trailing EdgeLeading Edge
25 kts 15 kts
Warm Occlusion
10oC5oC
Property of Lear Siegler
Warm Occlusion
5 o C
10o C
Occlusions have the most violent weather of all fronts.
Cold front occlusion – most severe weather above occlusion
Cold Occlusion
Warm front occlusion – most severe weather ahead of occlusion
ELO 7:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the proper flight procedures to use proper flight procedures to use when dealing with frontal weather when dealing with frontal weather while conducting flight operations.while conducting flight operations.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about frontal weather information about frontal weather conditionsconditions
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-3, Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-3, 10-4, and 10-5 10-4, and 10-5
FRONTAL FLIGHT PROCEDURES
•Cold fronts and squall lines
•Warm fronts
•Stationary fronts
•Open wave
•Occluded fronts - WARNING !!!
ELO 8:
Action: The student will identify the Action: The student will identify the indications of frontal passage.indications of frontal passage.
Condition: Given pertinent Condition: Given pertinent information about frontsinformation about fronts
Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-2Standard: IAW FM 1-230 para 10-2
FRONTAL PASSAGE
•On the ground – wind shift and temperature change
•In flight – OAT gauge – best indication
•Drift correction to the right
ROY G. BIV
FM 1-230 Referencesfor today
• Frontal Weather Chapter 10
FM 1-230 Referencesfor tomorrow…
• Mountain Waves 6-9 (d)
• Turbulence Chapter 11
• Thunderstorms Chapter 12
• Icing Chapter 14
• Fog Chapter 15
The endThe end
Ci
Cs
As
Ns
St
WARM FRONT
0 100 200 300 400 500 MILES
Property of Lear Siegler
