from republic to empire
DESCRIPTION
From Republic to Empire. City on Seven Hills. Latin's Settled along the Tiber River. City on Seven Hills. Romulus and Remus Mother was Latin woman, Father was Mars (god of war). Romans. Shared peninsula with the Etruscans. Romans. Shared peninsula with the Etruscans - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
From Republic to Empire
City on Seven HillsCity on Seven Hills
• Latin's
• Settled along the
Tiber River
RomansRomans• Shared peninsula with the EtruscansEtruscans
RomansRomans
• Shared peninsula with the EtruscansEtruscans
• Romans learnedRomans learned– AlphabetAlphabet
RomansRomans
• Shared peninsula with the EtruscansEtruscans
• Romans learnedRomans learned– AlphabetAlphabet– Arch constructionArch construction
RomansRomans
• Shared peninsula with the EtruscansEtruscans
• Romans learnedRomans learned– AlphabetAlphabet– Arch constructionArch construction– Gods and GoddessesGods and Goddesses
Roman - LatinsRoman - Latins
Romans conquerRomans conquer –
• 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
• Greek City States
Roman - LatinsRoman - Latins
Romans conquerRomans conquer –• 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans• Greek City States
Success due to • DiplomacyDiplomacy• Roman LegionRoman Legion – 5000 man units
– Loyalty, courage, respect for authority
Res Publica - RepublicRes Publica - Republic
Senate – Senate – most powerful legislators• 300 members all PatriciansPatricians• Landowning upper class (Aristocrats)
Senate• 300 members all Patricians• Landowning upper class
ConsulsConsuls – • elected by Senate• Supervise business, government, and armies
Res Publica - RepublicRes Publica - Republic
TribunesTribunes
• Represent the Plebeians Plebeians
• Farmers,merchants, and traders
• Right to VETOVETO
Res Publica - RepublicRes Publica - Republic
DictatorDictator
Elected in time of war
Res Publica - RepublicRes Publica - Republic
Punic WarsPunic Wars Rome vs CarthageRome vs Carthage
Early Phoenician ColonyEarly Phoenician Colony
Punic WarsPunic Wars Rome vs CarthageRome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician ColonyEarly Phoenician Colony
• Rome fought for Empire (ImperialismImperialism)
Punic Wars Rome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician Colony
• Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism)
• Carthage fought for self-preservation
(They had empire of their own)
CarthageNorth AfricaPunic WarPunic War
General HannibalGeneral Hannibal • Attacks Rome from North• Elephants
General HannibalGeneral Hannibal • Attacks Rome from North• Elephants• Returns to protect Carthage• Defeated on open plains
CarthageNorth AfricaPunic WarPunic War
Romans Destroyed Carthage.
poured salt on all of farm land to never let Carthage return.
Roman law let you live…
But, if you went against them…
Mare Nostrum “Our Sea”
Roman Republic DeclinesRoman Republic Declines
• Led army nine years in Gaul
Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General
• Led army nine years in Gaul• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home
Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General
• Led army nine years in Gaul• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home• He came home – Took over the Senate
Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General
• Reorganized a corrupt Senate• Allowed more people Citizenship
Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General
• Reorganized a corrupt Senate• Allowed more people Citizenship
Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General
Veni, Vedi, ViciVeni, Vedi, ViciI came, I saw, I conqueredI came, I saw, I conquered
Re-established Mediterranean
…and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.
• Assassinated on Senate Floor
• Fear of him naming himself
Emperor – or Caesar
Julius CaesarJulius CaesarMilitary GeneralMilitary General
Octavian and Mark AntonyOctavian and Mark Antony
OctavianOctavian – Caesar’s grandnephew
Mark Antony Mark Antony – general
joined together to hunt down the murderers
Cleopatra VII
•After Caesar assassinated
•Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome
Octavian and Mark AntonyOctavian and Mark AntonyGo to War over control of Roman Empire
used Cleopatra’s and Antony’s relationship as a political tool
Battle of ActiumOctavian defeats AntonyOctavian defeats Antony
•takes supreme rule of Rome•names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an Empire•one of the most influential empires the world has known
Octavian soon becomes Augustus or
“Exalted One”
Pax RomanaPax RomanaRoman Peace
200 year Period
Augustus to Marcus Aurelius
Entertainment– Chariot Races
– Gladiator Contests• Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight
– Emperor Nero ….Let the Christians fight the lions