French Revolution French Revolution Part IIPart II

Destruction of the Destruction of the Old RegimeOld Regime

Declaration of the Rights of Man

• August 26 1789• “Liberty, Property, Security and resistance

to oppression”• All citizens have to pay taxes• Freedom of religion and speech• Olympe De Gouges

– Refused to allow women to be excluded from politics

Concession of the King• Refuses to accept assemblies Refuses to accept assemblies

decreesdecrees• Oct 5 1000’s of women march on Oct 5 1000’s of women march on

VersaillesVersailles– Forces Louis to accept decreeForces Louis to accept decree– Oct 6 King and Family return to Oct 6 King and Family return to

ParisParis•Become prisoners in palaceBecome prisoners in palace

Church Reforms• The national assembly seized and sold

church lands– Increased the states – revenue•Placed church under •control of the state•Civil Constitution of Clergy

•Bishops & Priests elected by people•State pays their salaries

New Constitution and Fear

• New Constitution 1791New Constitution 1791– Limited MonarchyLimited Monarchy– Legislative Legislative Assembly would Assembly would make lawsmake laws– June 1791 King June 1791 King & Family try to & Family try to flee Franceflee France

War with Austria•Marie Antoinette was from

Austria

•1792 Legislative Assembly declares war on Austria

•The fate of the revolution will encounter war again

Paris Commune• Commune: popularly

run city council• Revolutionaries declare themselves a commune• Take king captive• More radical and violent stage• Force legislature to call a new convention• Called themselves “sans-cullotes”

New Convention• Led by George Danton• Mass murder in the streets• Jean-Paul Marat : • “Friend of the People”• Sept 1792

– Create new constitution– Rally ruling body of France– Lawyers, professionals, propety owners– Anyone who distrusted the King

Outcome of Convention• Monarchy is abolished – Sept 21

1792– New French RepublicConvention Splits

2 FactionsGrirondins- Keep king alive –

people not living in ParisThe Mountain – radicals in Paris

What Happens to Louis XVI?What Happens to Louis XVI?•The Mountain convinces The Mountain convinces convention to put him to deathconvention to put him to death

•Jan 21 1793 10:22 am guillotinedJan 21 1793 10:22 am guillotined

•New enemies at home and New enemies at home and abroadabroad

Domestic Crisis•1792-1793 Commune Pressured for a Convention–Take more radical measures

•Resistance to the convention is building

•Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain and & Dutch take up arms against France–Reaction to Louis’ execution

Now What?• National Convention established

the Committees of Public Safety (12 people)– Ruling group in France– Dominated by Maximilien

Robespierre