florida department of agriculture and consumer services charles h. bronson commissioner mosquito...

Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services

Charles H. BronsonCOMMISSIONER

Mosquito Control in Mosquito Control in the CDDthe CDD

Celebration Development DistrictMay 11, 2009

Discussion Topics Reasons for Mosquito Control

Basic Biology

Methods of Mosquito Control

Surveillance: Key to Mosquito Control

Mosquito Control in Celebration

Reasons for Mosquito Control

Disease ControlDisease ControlDengueDengueWest Nile VirusWest Nile VirusSt. Louis St. Louis

EncephalitisEncephalitisEastern Equine Eastern Equine

EncephalitisEncephalitisMalariaMalaria


Disease ControlDisease Control MalariaMalaria

– 3.2 billion people in 107 3.2 billion people in 107 countries at risk of malariacountries at risk of malaria

– 350 – 500 million clinical 350 – 500 million clinical episodes/yrepisodes/yr

– 1 million deaths/yr1 million deaths/yr

Encephalitis Encephalitis – Costs 20K to 3 million for Costs 20K to 3 million for

long term carelong term care


Quality of Life Quality of Life – Mosquito attacks significantly reduce ability to Mosquito attacks significantly reduce ability to

enjoy outdoors – reduces recreational activity, tourism, etc.enjoy outdoors – reduces recreational activity, tourism, etc.

Mosquito – Basic Biology

Insects – Diptera

Approximately 200 species in U.S.– Two wings, wings have scales. – Female mosquitoes' mouthparts form a

long piercing-sucking proboscis. – Males have feathery antennae and

mouthparts not suitable for piercing skin.– A mosquito's principal food is nectar or

similar sugar source.


Female mosquitoes – take a Female mosquitoes – take a blood meal for egg blood meal for egg productionproduction

Four stage life cycleFour stage life cycleAdapted for marginal Adapted for marginal

environmentsenvironments

Adapted for Adapted for rapidrapid increase in increase in numbers numbers

Quickly overwhelm other Quickly overwhelm other predatorspredators


Species vary in:Species vary in:– Preferred habitatPreferred habitat– Preferred egg laying Preferred egg laying

sitessites– Host RangeHost Range– Times of peak activityTimes of peak activity– Preferred harboragePreferred harborage– Ability (competence) Ability (competence)

to transmit diseaseto transmit disease

Results in – variability Results in – variability in control method in control method effectivenesseffectiveness

Mosquito Species of Concern

Ades taeniorhynchus Ades taeniorhynchus Aedes aeqyptiiAedes aeqyptiiAedes sollicitans Aedes sollicitans Ades albopictusAdes albopictusAdes vexansAdes vexansCulex nigripalpusCulex nigripalpusCulex quinquifasciatusCulex quinquifasciatusCoquillattidia perterbans*Coquillattidia perterbans*Psorophora columbiaePsorophora columbiae


– `

Source reductionSource reduction

LarvacidingLarvaciding

AdulticidingAdulticiding


Source reduction Source reduction disrupts life cycle:disrupts life cycle:– Prevent egg laying Prevent egg laying

and developmentand development– Empty water Empty water

receptaclesreceptacles– Drain standing Drain standing

waterwater– Clean guttersClean gutters– Abandoned Abandoned

cisterns?cisterns?


Ground BasedGround BasedTruck or HandTruck or Hand

Aerial Aerial Liquid or GranularLiquid or Granular

LarvicidingLarviciding

Methods of Mosquito Control Larvicides Larvicides

ACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAME

Temephos Abate

s-methoprene Altosid

Diflubenzuron Dimilin

GB-1111 Golden Bear

Mono-molecular film Agnique, Arosurf

Bacillus thurigiensis israelensis

Bti

Bacillus sphaericus Vectolex


Adulticiding Adulticiding Ground Based:Ground Based: Aerial: Aerial:

Truck, HandTruck, Hand Thermal, ULV Thermal, ULV


AdulticidesAdulticidesACTIVE INGREDIENTACTIVE INGREDIENT BRAND NAMEBRAND NAME

MalathionMalathion FyfanonFyfanon

NaledNaled DibromDibrom

ChlorpyrifosChlorpyrifos DursbanDursban

Natural PyrethrinsNatural Pyrethrins PyrocidePyrocide

ResmethrinResmethrin ScourgeScourge

PermethrinPermethrin Bio-mist, Aqua Bio-mist, Aqua ReslinReslin

SumithrinSumithrin AnvilAnvil


ULV – truck or aircraft ULV – truck or aircraft

High Pressure systemsHigh Pressure systems


Adulticiding Adulticiding – Droplet size of Droplet size of

application application important!important!

– Too small – will not Too small – will not reach targetreach target

– Too large – will fall Too large – will fall outout

– Ideal = 15-20 Ideal = 15-20 microns – impacts microns – impacts mosquitoesmosquitoes

AdulticidingAdulticiding

““Timing of Application”Timing of Application”

– Must be done when Must be done when adults mosquitoes activeadults mosquitoes active

– Usually dusk/dawn/nightUsually dusk/dawn/night

– Avoid times/places bees Avoid times/places bees are activeare active

– AquacultureAquaculture



Biological Controls

– Bats

– Birds (Blue Marlin)

– Insect Predators

– Mosquito Fish (Gambusia)


Surveillance! Surveillance!

What is the Basis of Successful Mosquito What is the Basis of Successful Mosquito Control?Control?

Mosquito Control SurveillanceSurveillanceSurveillance

- Defines nature and extent of problem - Defines nature and extent of problem (numbers and species)(numbers and species)

- Basis for determining when/how to Basis for determining when/how to treattreat

- Used to determine efficacy/need for Used to determine efficacy/need for retreatmentretreatment

- Chapter 5E-13, FAC changed to Chapter 5E-13, FAC changed to require surveillance to justify sprayingrequire surveillance to justify spraying

Mosquito Control Surveillance

Techniques:Techniques:Telephone requestsTelephone requests

– ““Battle is already lost”Battle is already lost”

– Reflects only actively biting adultsReflects only actively biting adults

– Calls need to be logged in and mapped Calls need to be logged in and mapped (identified)(identified)

– Over time a historical record can be Over time a historical record can be developeddeveloped


Techniques:Techniques: Landing rate countsLanding rate counts

– Record number per minuteRecord number per minute

– What number justifies What number justifies spraying?spraying?

– No-repellant can be worn!No-repellant can be worn!

– Ethical issues – worker Ethical issues – worker exposure to disease carrying exposure to disease carrying mosquitoesmosquitoes


Techniques:Techniques:TrappingTrapping

– Light traps – CDC & New JerseyLight traps – CDC & New Jersey

– Baited (COBaited (CO22 or octenol) or octenol)

– Un-baited Un-baited

Location important!Location important! Truck trapsTruck traps Suction trapsSuction traps


TrappingTrapping Traps collected daily or Traps collected daily or

several times per weekseveral times per week Adult mosquitoes Adult mosquitoes

“speciated” (ID) & “speciated” (ID) & countedcounted

Data logged and Data logged and mappedmapped

Zone # Zone 1 Zone 2Trap LocationArea:Pre or Post trtmt Pre Spray Pre Spray Pre Spray Pre Spray Pre Spray Pre Spray Pre Spray Pre Spray

Night of SprayDate Collected 9/9/2004 9/9/2004 9/9/2004 9/9/2004 9/9/2004 9/9/2004 9/8/2004 9/8/2004

An crucians 72 110 32Anopheles speciesAnopheles atroposAedes albopictus 2Ae vexansCs melanura 10Cq pertubans 2Cx nigripalpus 24,000 5088 3056 5152 576 4608 384 3056Cx pip quinqueCx erraticus 56Cx salinarius 4Mansonia titillansMansonia dyariMansonia species 32 8 32Oc atlanticusOc infirmatus 34Oc triseriatusPs howardii 64 32 40Ps ciliata 8Ps columbiae 2048 192 302 440 64 960 96 302Ps ciliataPs feroxUranotaeniaTOTAL 26,112 5,312 3,390 5,712 640 5,576 698 3,422

Zone 1 Zone 1Hardee County Desoto County Oscelola County


Techniques:Techniques:Larval/Pupal StagesLarval/Pupal Stages

– Inventory potential sitesInventory potential sites– Visually inspect when Visually inspect when

weather conditions permitweather conditions permit– Dip cupsDip cups– ID species on siteID species on site– Record stage of Record stage of

development and number development and number per dipper dip

– Data logged and mappedData logged and mapped

Mosquito Control in the CDD

Mosquito Control in CelebrationWhy do you need mosquito control in CDD?


Osceola County MCD BioMist 31 + 66

(permethrin) Total of 8 applications Rate 0.00148 lbs/ac Treated CDD as one unit

Clarke Mosquito Control BioMist 4 + 4

(permethrin) Total of 719 applications Rate 0.00175 lbs/ac Partitioned CDD into

Treatment Zones

Treatments Performed in CDD in 2008

Maximum Label Rate = 0.18 lbs/ac/yrCannot exceed 102 applications/yr


Osceola County MCD Applications in 2008

Date Product AI -----

July 28 BioMist 31+66 Permethrin, PBO -----

Aug 11 BioMist 31+66 Permethrin, PBO -----

Aug 18 BioMist 31+66 Permethrin, PBO -----

Sept 4 BioMist 31+66 Permethrin, PBO -----



Oct 2 BioMist 31+66 Permethrin, PBO -----

Oct 20 BioMist 31+66 Permethrin, PBO -----


Clarke Mosquito Control ApplicationsUsed two products alternately

– Anvil 10+10 (Sumethrin + PBO)– BioMist 4+4 (Permethrin + PBO)

Divide CDD into 9 Treatment Zones


Clarke Mosquito Control Applications in 2008

Zone Apps/ Zone Miles/ Zone Acres/ ZoneTotal Gal

Used/ Zone

1 26 18.9 687.3 67.01

2 89 14.1 512.7 169.81

5 89 3.1 112.7 36.89

7 98 10.5 381.8 177.70

10 89 5.6 203 67.21

11 96 10.4 378.2 172.78

12 96 5.6 203 93.11

14 44 4 145.45 21.58

15 92 7.4 269.1 117.63


Clarke Applications Osceola Applications

ZoneApp/ Zone

App Rate

Lbs/ Ac

App/ Zone

App Rate

Lbs/ Ac Total Lbs

1 26 0.00175 0.0455 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.0573

2 89 0.00175 0.1558 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1676

5 89 0.00175 0.1558 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1676

7 98 0.00175 0.1715 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1833*

10 89 0.00175 0.1558 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1676

11 96 0.00175 0.1680 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1798

12 96 0.00175 0.1680 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1798

14 44 0.00175 0.0770 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.0888

15 92 0.00175 0.1610 8 0.00148 0.0118 0.1728


Applications to Zone 7: Maximum rate for permethrin applications is 0.180

lbs/ac/yr Maximum rate for permethrin was exceeded by 1.7%

– (0.0033lbs/ac ÷ 0.18 lbs/ac max label rate X 100%)

– (0.0033 lbs/ac ≈ 1.5 grams (paperclip))

Maximum number of applications was exceeded (max number of applications is 102; 106 were made)

Exceeding maximum label rate and number due to lack of coordination between OMCD and CDD


Summary Recommendations for CDD

1. Coordinate applications in CDD with OMCD– OMCD downsized MC operations– Contracted with Clarke MC to handle

applications– Ms. Sherry Burroughs appointed as Director of

OMCD


Summary Recommendations for CDD2. Train a member(s) of the CDD Board of

Directors in MC– Assist/direct contractor spray missions– Act as liaison to OMCD– Act as liaison to CDD citizens– Publish information (monthly?) for CDD

citizens (IPM)


Summary Recommendations for CDD

3. Develop standard treatment protocols agreeable to citizens of CDD

– Develop standardized criteria for surveillance• Landing rate counts

• Trapping (locations, numbers needed to treat)

• Mosquito identification (“speciate”)

• Monitor disease vectors

Discussion / Questions

florida department of agriculture and consumer services charles h. bronson commissioner mosquito...

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