financial education for middle income investors · price of procrastination twin brothers: anil and...
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Financial education for middle income investors
An initiative of SEBI & NISM
Need for financial education
Deterioration of personal finances
Proliferation of new and complex
financial products
Agenda
Introduction
Basics of savings and investments
Choosing the right investment options
Asset allocation strategy
Self portrait
Savings and investment related products
Protection related products
Borrowing related products
Advantages of financial education
Investor protection and grievance redressal
mechanism
Financial planning
Basics of Savings and Investment
Savings
◦ Short term
◦ Value remains stable
◦ Lower returns over
long term
Investing
◦ Long term
◦ Value moves up and
down in short term
◦ Potentially higher
returns over long term
Price of procrastination
Twin brothers: Anil and Sunil
Anil saved from the age 25 years till 35
years. He did not withdraw till 60
Sunil started saving at 35 years, but
continued till 60 years
Both saved Rs. 50,000 per year and
earned 10% p.a. on their investments
Price of procrastination
Twin brothers: Anil and Sunil
Amount accumulated at 60 years
Rs. 86 lacs
Rs. 49 lacs
Ask yourself
Can you reduce your spending by 10%
Put that money to work to fund your
future financial goals
PATH TO ACHIEVE FINANCIAL FREEDOM
Setting goalsUnderstand
your net worth
Budgeting
Investing: making
money work for you
Goals
Retirement as a goal
BUDGETING
Benefits of budgeting
◦ Checks or balances to prevent overspending
◦ Unexpected need for funds
◦ Discipline
◦ Helps maintain standard of living
Steps for budget planning
◦ Calculate your income
◦ Determine your bill for essentials
◦ Note down your total debts
◦ Determine your bill for non-essentials
◦ Calculate your savings
WHAT IS INFLATION?
Effects of Inflation
Item Price in
2001-02
Price in
2009-10
Sugar (1 kg) Rs. 16 Rs. 40
Cooking oil (5 liters) Rs. 290 Rs. 500
Rice (1 kg) Rs. 14 Rs. 35
Petrol ( 1 liter) Rs. 33.46 Rs. 48.83
Inflation Effects on Investments
Investment
Initial investment Rs. 1,000
Interest on investment 5% p.a.
Value after a year Rs. 1,050
Inflation 6% p.a.
Your expenses after a year Rs. 1,060
RISK AND RETURN
Risk and Return
Risk and investing go hand in hand
Risk increases as the expected potential
return increases
No-risk, what’s that?
Manage the risks
Time Value of Money
The value of the money today is not the
same as it will be in the future
The eighth wonder - compounding
Rs.1 lac invested @ 10%
Year Simple interest
@ 10% p.a.
Compound interest
@ 10% p.a.
1 1,10,000.00 1,10,000.00
2 1,20,000.00 1,21,000.00
3 1,30,000.00 1,33,100.00
4 1,40,000.00 1,46,410.00
5 1,50,000.00 1,61,051.00
20 3,00,000.00 6,72,749.99
25 3,50,000.00 10,83,470.59
30 4,00,000.00 17,44,940.23
THE RULE OF 72
CHOOSING THE RIGHT INVESTMENT OPTIONS
Safety
ReturnsLiquidity
ASSET ALLOCATION STRATEGY
Asset allocation
Time frame
Risk tolerance
Personal circumstances
Self portrait …
Asset allocation
Financial goals
Assets
Estimated future
expenses
Estimated future income
Liabilities
THE PRODUCTS
Savings & investment related products
Bank deposits
Government Schemes
Bonds / debentures
Company fixed deposits
Mutual funds
Equity shares
◦ Depository system
Financial planning pyramid
Protection Related Products
Insurance
◦ Life insurance
Term life insurance
Endowment policies
Annuities / Pension plans
ULIPs
◦ Health insurance
Comprehensive health insurance
Hospitalisation policy
Critical illness plan
Specific condition coverage
Borrowing Related Products
Personal loans
Home loans
Reverse mortgage
Loan against securities
Credit card debt
Understanding ‘Ponzi’ schemes
How to spot one?
The ultimate unravelling of a Ponzi
scheme
Examples of Ponzi schemes
Investment philosophies Evaluate risk of every investment
Decide the investment based on needs
Do not invest in any scheme that you do not understand
Do not invest on trust. Have everything backed up by
documents
Take into account tax implication of every income
Do not blindly follow market tips and rumours
Anything that appears unnaturally high or low will have
some “catch” disguised
Do not follow schemes where you may protect the interest
but lose the principal
Invest with knowledge after understanding the product well
Advantages of Financial Education Helps build a secure financial future
Prepared for financial emergencies
Protection from marketing gimmicks
Feeling a sense of accomplishment
Disciplined approach to money
Awareness of questionable practices
Setting a good example for your family
Benefit other aspects of your life
Regulators
Various regulators in Indian financal
markets are:
◦ Securities & Exchange Board of India (SEBI)
◦ Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
◦ Forward Markets Commission (FMC)
◦ Insurance Regulatory & Development
Authority (IRDA)
◦ Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA)
◦ Ministry of Finance (MoF)
THANK YOU!