fiinovation - education sector in india

Education Sector in IndiaJourney Through The Ages

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History: Vedic and middle ages

Hindu school of learning Residential school of learning (Gurukuls) during Vedic Age( 1500 BC to 600 BC) No fee is charged as knowledge is considered sacred to be bartered. Reserved mainly for higher castes , poor students received royal patronage Imparted Knowledge of Religion, Scriptures, Philosophy, Literature, Warfare, Statecraft, Medicine Astrology and History Sanskrit is the medium of instruction Recitation and recapitulation -two ways of learning a material. Taxila and Nalanda - prominent seats of learningMuslim school of learning Makhtabs (elementary education) and madrasha (higher education) system of learning Mosque is the locus of learning Madrasha is financed by the state, daily fixed allowance is provided to residential learners Lessons on Quran and Hadith apart from grammar ,philosophy, mathematics, science and law Persian is the medium of instruction and Arabic was taught for reading the scriptures Recitation and memorization -two ways of learning a material

Buddhist monasteries and Jain viharas are also seats of learning Fiinovation


History: During colonial era

British involvement in Indian education began in 1813 with the Charter Act. Thomas Babington Macaulay , architect of Colonial Britain’s Educational Policy in India introduced

English education in 1835. Wood’s Despatch of 1854 : Magna Carta of education system in India :government intervention at all

levels Nongovernment schools by Western Christian missions and Indian social and religious reform

organizations set up for elementary education Rise of the modern educated class who are exposed to Oriental subjects as opposed to religious

scriptures and philosophy New class of teacher emerged who are not religious authorities Financial support is provided to Christian converts. Schools , colleges are set up for education for girls and women. The first Missionary institution to impart Western style education in India is the Scottish Church College,

Calcutta1830) The first liberal arts and sciences college in India are C .M.S.College, Kerala and the Hindu (Presidency )

College in1817. Fiinovation


Present Scenario

The Uttar Pradesh Board of High School and Intermediate Education was the first Board to be set up in 1921.

Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) set up in 1952. Education listed in Concurrent List of Indian Constitution. National Council for Educational Research and Training (NCERT) prepares a National

Curriculum Framework. Education Governing Bodies: CBSE,CICSE, State Board, National Open School,

International School Board, Darul Ulum Deoband, Autonomous School Board 10+2+3 pattern Private and Public Schools 17000 plus colleges, around 20 universities (central), 217 universities (state), and

many deemed universities as well as national institutions.Fiinovation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darul_Uloom_Deoband


Government Programsa

PRIORITIES OF EDUCATION POLICY: ACCESS, EQUITY, GOVERNANCE, QUALITY National Policy on Education 1986 Natiional Literacy Mission 1988 Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan District Education Revitalization Programme (DERP) Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Scheme Rashtriya Uchchattar Shiksha Abhiyan Integrated Education for Disabled Children (IEDC) programme Scheme for Providing Quality Education in Madarsas (SPQEM) Scheme of Infrastructure Development in Minority Institutions (IDMI) Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas for EBBs Jan Shikshan Sansthan Mahila Samakhya Sakshar Bharat Model Degree Colleges, Polytechnics, Block Institutes of Teacher Education: Fiinovation Mid Day Meal Scheme


Indicators


Literacy in Figures

National literacy rate is 74.04%.

The Male literacy rate is 82.14% and Female literacy rate is 65.46%.

Most literate state is Kerala at 93.91%

Most literate UT is Lakshadweep at 92.28%.

Lowest literate state is Bihar at 63.82% .

Male literacy is highest in Lakshadweep 96.11% and Kerala 96.02%.

Female literacy is highest in Kerala 91.98% and Mizoram 89.40%.

Lowest male literacy is in Bihar 73.39%.

Lowest female literacy is in Rajasthan 52.66%. Fiinovation

Source: Census 2011


Facts and Figures

96.7 % Children (age group 6-14) enrolled in school

29% Children (age group 6-14) enrolled in private schools

High % Girls (age 11-14) still out of school in some states (Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh)

Boys are more likely to attend private school than girls.

No significant improvement visible in children’s ability to read and numeracy skills

Improvement in school facilities.

Teacher attendance holds steady, but student attendance drops.

The proportion of “small schools” in the government primary school sector is growing.

Compliance with most measurable Right to Education (RTE) norms (PTR, infrastructure facility, MDMS,

library, WATSAN etc)continues to grow .Fiinovation

Source: ASER 2013 National Findings


Barriers to participation in education

Quality-infrastructure and resource

Accessibility –class,ethnicity,gender

Affordability

Ethnic diversity

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Source: Edubrite.com


Contd…

AffordabilityMake higher education cost effective.Services may be provided at lower cost via online solutionsEncourage “learn yourself” and “community learning” via online system, promote volunteers by providing common infrastructure at lower priceTools for teachers, schools & exam boards to offer courses and conduct examinations & assessmentConstant monitoring and evaluation to maintain the quality at a standardized prize.

Ethnic DiversityDesign education module keeping in mind the ethnic diversity of the population.Online system creates anytime, anywhere engagement modelOnline Learning from home opens the doors for girls to get education if social & cultural reasons are preventing them.Promote vocational courses and self paced learning for adultsBring culturally diverse India on a common learning platform which is offered in all languagesEncourage use of vernacular language parallel to English medium of instruction.

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Strategies to mainstream out-of-school children- a PPP model

Improve enrolment drive among working/ orphan /slum/street /migrant children

Universalizing physical access

Alternative & Innovative Education (AIE) component of SSA

Case studies of good practices adopted by some States

Manav Vikas Kendras (Human Development Center) in Madhya Pradesh.

Residential and Non Residential Bridge Course in Orissa and Andhra Pradesh

Bhonga (hut) Shala (school) in Maharastra

Vindam Chaduvukundam – Lets listen – lets learn ….and lets go to school (radio program) in Andhra Pradesh

Tent school in Karnataka

School on a boat in Andhra Pradesh Fiinovation

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fiinovation - education sector in india

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