1. Take out your maps of the Middle East

2. Caspian Sea Black Sea Turkey Pal. Ter. Cyprus Lebanon Mediterranean Israel SeaSyriaBaghdad IraqJerusalem Cairo EgyptJordanQatarSaudi Arabia Riyadh Red SeaTehran Iran Kuwait Persian GulfUnited Arab Emirates OmanYemenArabian Sea Indian Ocean 3. Fertile Crescent Vocabulary 1 & 2 Excavation-Dictionary BackgammonDictionary Dates- Dictionary Plow- Dictionary Iron- Dictionary Ziggurat- Glossary Empire- Glossary Sumerians- IndexBabylonians- Index Assyrians- Index Tigris- Gazetteer Euphrates- Gazetteer Ur- Gazetteer Cuneiform- Glossary Supply- Dictionary Demand- Dictionary 4. Fertile Crescent Vocabulary 5. excavation The exposure, processing and recording of archaeological remains 6. backgammon One of the worlds oldest boardgames 7. dates The fruit of a date palm tree 8. Plow A farm tool used for breaking up soil. 9. iron An element that can be used to create strong tools, structures, and machines. 10. ziggurat The sight of the temple to the main god or goddess of a Sumerian city. 11. empire Many territories and people controlled by one government 12. Sumerians People from the earliestknown civilization 13. Babylonians People from an ancient region in southwest Mesopotamia 14. Assyrians People from an ancient region in northern Mesopotamia 15. Tigris A river in Iraq and Turkey 16. Euphrates A river that flows south from Turkey through Syria and Iraq 17. Ur A city in ancient Sumer 18. cuneiform A form of writing that used groups of wedges and lines; used to write several Fertile Crescent languages 19. supply How many or how much of a resource there is 20. demand How much people desire or need a resource 21. Ancient Mesopotamia for ChildrenWatch the video and answer the questions on the viewing guide. 22. Viewing Guide 1.Mesopotamia lays between the Tigris and ________ Rivers.1.A- Euphrates 23. Viewing Guide 2.Sir Leonard Woolley and his __________ began a twelve year excavation of the lost city of Ur.1. A- Wife 24. Viewing Guide 3. Inthe royal tombs at Ur, the worlds oldest board game was found and is something similar to ________.3. B- backgammon 25. Viewing Guide 4. A huge steppedtower or ___________ was often at the heart of Sumerian cities.4. B- ziggurat 26. Viewing Guide 5. TheSumerian city of Ur had a population of approximately ____________ people.5. C- 30,000 27. Viewing Guide 6. The ancientSumerians enjoyed a type of wine which they made from ____________.6. C- dates 28. Viewing Guide 7. The Sumeriansinvented the wheel and made the first plough out of _____________.7. C- bronze 29. Viewing Guide 8. TheSumerians writing system is known as cuneiform from the Latin word for _________.8. B- triangle 30. Viewing Guide 9. Ironwas known as ___________9. B- Metal from heaven 31. Viewing Guide 10. A- Water 10. The city states of Sumer began to fight over ____________. 32. Viewing Guide 11. TheAssyrian empire stretched from parts of Asia Minor to ___________.11. A- Israel 33. What is an empire? Many territories and peoples controlled by one government. 34. The Story of Sargon II King Sargon II of Assyria heard the news: Assyria had attacked the nearby kingdoms of Urartu and Zikurtu as planned. But the two kingdoms had joined forces against him. 35. The Story of Sargon IIHow dare they resist the most powerful monarch in the world? In the summer of 714 BC, king Sargon II set out to confront his enemies. 36. The Story of Sargon IIThe two kingdoms were no match for the powerful Assyrian ruler. His armies quickly overcame the forces of Urartu and killed all who resisted. 37. The Story of Sargon II The Assyrians howled with laughter when they saw the king of Urartu fleeing on an old horse. Sargon II let him go. He knew the defeated king would serve as a warning to others who might later be tempted to challenge the mighty Assyrians. Sargon II was one of many kings who ruled the Fertile Crescent after the fall of Sumer. 38. Empires An empire is an area of many territories and peoples that is controlled by one government. Rulers of empires gained great wealth through: Trade Agriculture What is agriculture? Farming 39. Babylonians Bab-be-Low-Ne-ans Not baby lions They were the first powerful empire in history. 40. Hammurabi Created the Babylonian Empire in 1787 BC by conquering the city-states of Sumer and land to the north. Made the city of Babylon the capital of his empire. 41. The Babylonian EmpireThe Babylonians built roads throughout the empire. Babylons location made it a crossroads of trade. 42. Caravans Groups of traveling merchants would take to the roads and stop in Babylon to barter their goods. 43. Bazaars Markets, usually outdoors, where merchants and townspeople would barter their goods. 44. The End of the Babylonians While Hammurabi was in control of Babylon, people to the north were beginning to gain some military strength. Shortly after Hammurabis death, the Babylonian Empire was overthrown. 45. Quick-Write 2 minutes At least three lines. What have you learned about the Babylonians? 46. Quick-Write15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 02 00 1 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 47. Insert Text Here15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 01 00 0 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 48. The Assyrians The next empire to dominate Mesopotamia. Assyrians were fierce warriors and innovators of military weapons and techniques. 49. Assyrian Weapons Battering Ram 50. Assyrian Weapons Sling 51. Assyrian Weapons Archers 52. Assyrian Weapons Chariots 53. But the Assyrians were not just warriorsTheir capital, Nineveh, was a city of great architecture and learning. 54. Nineveh ZigguratLibrary 55. The End of the AssyriansTwo groups, Babylonians and Medes eventually joined together to defeat the Assyrians. 56. Quick-Write 2 minutes At least three lines. What have you learned about the Assyrians? 57. Quick-Write15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 02 00 1 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 58. Insert Text Here15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 01 00 0 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 59. Babylonia Rises Again About 1,000 years after Hammurabis empire collapsed the descendants of the Babylonians created a new empire.They called themselves Chaldeans 60. Nebuchadnezzar Their mightiest king, Nebuchadnezzar, rebuilt Babylon bigger and better than it had ever been before. 61. Center of Learning and Science Astronomers charted the paths of the stars and measured the length of the year. They were the first to use a system dividing time into increments of 60. Farmers raised honey bees. 62. The Final End of the BabyloniansThe Chaldean empire was eventually defeated by a new, even more powerful civilization The Persians 63. Quick-Write 2 minutes At least three lines. What have you learned about the Neo-Babylonians (or Chaldeans)? 64. Quick-Write15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 02 00 1 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 65. Insert Text Here15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 01 00 0 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 66. The Persian Legacy The Persians built the largest empire that the world had seen up to that point. 67. The Persian Legacy The Persian religion was known as Zoroastrianism. The Persians worshipped only one god.This is important because most other ancient people worshipped many different gods and goddesses. 68. The DifferenceMonotheism The worship of one god.Polytheism The worship of many gods. 69. The Persian Legacy Their empire was huge so they developed bureaucracy as a way to rule such a large area. We have a bureaucracy in the US today.Bureaucracy 70. The Persian Legacy The Persians did not force anyone to change their beliefs or follow a new religion. They allowed people to keep their own culture.Tolerance 71. The Persian Legacy Lasting InfluenceThrough trade and conquest, Persian culture was spread around the world. Many of their achievements survive today in our own civilization. 72. Quick-Write 2 minutes At least three lines. What have you learned about the Persians? 73. Quick-Write15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 02 00 1 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 74. Insert Text Here15 26 37 48 1 2 3 4 00 01 00 0 59 HoursMinutesSeconds 75. Three Tab Book1. Cut your booklet into three tabs. 2. At the top of each tab, label it: Babylonians, Assyrians, Persians 3. On the cover of the tab, draw the outline of the empires territory using the map on page 39 as a guide. 4. Inside the appropriate tab, write down what you think are the 5 most important details about each empire.