fasting on the day of 'ashura (10th of muharram)

8/14/2019 Fasting on the Day of 'Ashura (10th of Muharram)

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The word "ashura" appear 35 time(s) in 24 hadith(s) in Bukhari translation.

(1) Narrated 'Aisha: The people used to fast on 'ashura (the tenth day of the month of Muharram) before the fastinof Ramadan was made obligatory. And on that day the Ka'ba used to be covered with a cover. When Allah made thfasting of the month of Ramadan compulsory, Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever wishes to fast (on the day of 'ashur

may do so; and whoever wishes to leave it can do so." (Book#26, Hadith #662)

(2) Narrated Ibn 'Umar: The Prophet observed the fast on the 10th of Muharram ('ashura), and ordered (Muslims)fast on that day, but when the fasting of the month of Ramadan was prescribed, the fasting of the 'ashura' wasabandoned. 'Abdullah did not use to fast on that day unless it coincided with his routine fasting by chance. (Book#31, Hadith #116)

(3) Narrated 'Aisha: (The tribe of) Quraish used to fast on the day ofashura' in the Pre-lslamic period, and thenAllah's Apostle ordered (Muslims) to fast on it till the fasting in the month of Ramadan was prescribed; whereuponthe Prophet said, "He who wants to fast (on 'ashura') may fast, and he who does not want to fast may not fast."(Book#31, Hadith #117)

(4) Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa: Once the Prophet ordered a person on 'ashura' (the tenth of Muharram) toannounce, "Whoever has eaten, should not eat any more, but fast, and who has not eaten should not eat, butcomplete his fast (till the end of the day). (Book#31, Hadith #147)

(5) Narrated Ar-Rubi' bint Mu'awadh: "The Prophet sent a messenger to the village of the Ansar in the morning ofthe day of 'ashura' (10th of Muharram) to announce: 'Whoever has eaten something should not eat but complete thfast, and whoever is observing the fast should complete it.' "She further said, "Since then we used to fast on that daregularly and also make our boys fast. We used to make toys of wool for the boys and if anyone of them cried for,he was given those toys till it was the time of the breaking of the fast." (Book#31, Hadith #181)

(6) Narrated Salim's father: The Prophet said, "Whoever wishes may fast on the day of 'ashura'." (Book#31,

Hadith #218)

(7) Narrated 'Aisha: Allah's Apostle ordered (the Muslims) to fast on the day of 'ashura', and when fasting in themonth of Ramadan was prescribed, it became optional for one to fast on that day ('ashura') or not. (Book#31,Hadith #219)

(8) Narrated Aisha: Quraish used to fast on the day of 'ashura' in the Pre-lslamic period, and Allah's Apostle too,used to fast on that day. When he came to Medina, he fasted on that day and ordered others to fast, too. Later when
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the fasting of the month of Ramadan was prescribed, he gave up fasting on the day of 'ashura' and it becameoptional for one to fast on it or not. (Book#31, Hadith#220)

(9) Narrated Humaid bin 'Abdur Rahman: That he heard Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan on the day of 'ashura' during thyear he performed the Hajj, saying on the pulpit, "O the people of Medina! Where are your Religious Scholars? Iheard Allah's Apostle saying, 'This is the day of 'ashura'. Allah has not enjoined its fasting on you but I am fastingit. You have the choice either to fast or not to fast (on this day).' " (Book#31, Hadith #221)

(10) Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The Prophet came to Medina and saw the Jews fasting on the day ofashura. He askedthem about that. They replied, "This is a good day, the day on which Allah rescued Bani Israel from their enemy.So, Moses fasted this day." The Prophet said, "We have more claim over Moses than you." So, the Prophet fasted that day and ordered (the Muslims) to fast (on that day). (Book#31, Hadith #222)

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(11) Narrated Abu Musa: The day of 'ashura' was considered as 'Id day by the Jews. So the Prophet ordered, "Irecommend you (Muslims) to fast on this day." (Book#31, Hadith #223)

(12) Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: I never saw the Prophet seeking to fast on a day more (preferable to him) than this day,the day of 'ashura', or this month, i.e. the month of Ramadan. (Book#31, Hadith #224)

(13) Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa: The Prophet ordered a man from the tribe of Bani Aslam to announce amongsthe people that whoever had eaten should fast the rest of the day, and whoever had not eaten should continue hisfast, as that day was the day of 'ashura' . (Book#31, Hadith #225)

(14) Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: When the Prophet came to Medina, he found (the Jews) fasting on the day of 'ashura' (i10th of Muharram). They used to say: "This is a great day on which Allah saved Moses and drowned the folk ofPharaoh. Moses observed the fast on this day, as a sign of gratitude to Allah." The Prophet said, "I am closer toMoses than they." So, he observed the fast (on that day) and ordered the Muslims to fast on it. (Book#55, Hadith#609)
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(15) Narrated 'Aisha: 'ashura' (i.e. the tenth of Muharram) was a day on which the tribe of Quraish used to fast inthe pre-lslamic period of ignorance. The Prophet also used to fast on this day. So when he migrated to Medina, hefasted on it and ordered (the Muslims) to fast on it. When the fasting of Ramadan was enjoined, it became optionafor the people to fast or not to fast on the day ofashura. (Book#58, Hadith #172)

(16) Narrated Abu Musa: When the Prophet arrived at Medina, he noticed that some people among the Jews used trespect ashura' (i.e. 10th of Muharram) and fast on it. The Prophet then said, "We have more right to observe faston this day." and ordered that fasting should be observed on it. (Book#58, Hadith #278)

(17) Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: When the Prophet arrived at Medina he found that the Jews observed fast on the day of'ashura'. They were asked the reason for the fast. They replied, "This is the day when Allah caused Moses and thechildren of Israel to have victory over Pharaoh, so we fast on this day as a sign of glorifying it." Allah's Apostlesaid, "We are closer to Moses than you." Then he ordered that fasting on this day should be observed. (Book#58,Hadith #279)

(18) Narrated Ibn 'Umar: Fasting was observed on the day of 'ashura' (i.e. 10th of Muharram) by the people of thePre-lslamic Period. But when (the order of compulsory fasting) in the month of Ramadan was revealed, the Prophe

said, "It is up to one to fast on it (i.e. day of 'ashura') or not." (Book#60, Hadith#28)

(19) Narrated 'Aisha: The people used to fast on the day of 'ashura' before fasting in Ramadan was prescribed butwhen (the order of compulsory fasting in) Ramadan was revealed, it was up to one to fast on it (i.e. ' ashura') or no(Book#60, Hadith #29)

(20) Narrated 'Abdullah: That Al-Ash'ath entered upon him while he was eating. Al-Ash'ath said, "Today is'ashura." I said (to him), "Fasting had been observed (on such a day) before (the order of compulsory fasting in)Ramadan was revealed. But when (the order of fasting in) Ramadan was revealed, fasting (on 'ashura') was givenup, so come and eat." (Book#60, Hadith #30)

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(21) Narrated Aisha: During the Pre-lslamic Period of ignorance the Quraish used to observe fasting on the day of
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'ashura', and the Prophet himself used to observe fasting on it too. But when he came to Medina, he fasted on thatday and ordered the Muslims to fast on it. When (the order of compulsory fasting in ) Ramadan was revealed,fasting in Ramadan became an obligation, and fasting on 'ashura' was given up, and who ever wished to fast (on idid so, and whoever did not wish to fast on it, did not fast. (Book#60, Hadith#31)

(22) Narrated Ibn Abbas: When the Prophet arrived at Medina, the Jews were observing the fast on 'ashura' (10th Muharram) and they said, "This is the day when Moses became victorious over Pharaoh," On that, the Prophet saidto his companions, "You (Muslims) have more right to celebrate Moses' victory than they have, so observe the fason this day." (Book#60, Hadith #202)

(23) Narrated Ibn Abbas: When Allah's Apostle arrived at Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the dayof 'ashura' (10th of Muharram). The Prophet asked them (about it) and they replied, "This is the day when Mosesbecame victorious over Pharaoh." The Prophet said (to the Muslims), "We are nearer to Moses than they, so fast othis day." (Book#60, Hadith #261)

(24) Narrated Salama bin Al-Akwa': Allah's Apostle said to a man from the tribe of Al-Aslam, "Proclaim amongyour people (or the people) on the day of 'ashura' (tenth of Muharram), 'Whosoever has eaten anything should fast

for the rest of the day; and whoever has not eaten anything, should complete his fast.' " (Book#91, Hadith #370)

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The word "ashura" appear 41 time(s) in 31 hadith(s) in Muslim translation.

(1) 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Quraish used to fast on the day of 'ashura in the pre-Islamdays and the Messenger ot Allah (may peace be upon him) also observed it. When he migrated to Medina, hehimself observed this fast and commanded (others) to observe it. But when fasting during the month of Ramadanwas made obligatory he said: He who wishes to observe this fast may do so, and he who wishes to abandon it maydo so. (Book#006, Hadith #2499)

(2) This hadith is narrated on the authority of Hisham with the same chain of transmitters, but he made no mentionin the first part of the hadith that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) used to observe fast, and said
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about the second part that he abandoned the (fast) ofashura, and he who wished observed the fast and who wisheotherwise abandoned it, and he did not hold it as the words of the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) asmentioned in the narration transmitted by Jarir. (Book#006, Hadith#2500)

(3) 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported. In the pre-Islamic days fast was observed on the day ofashura, buwith the advent of Islam (its position was ascertained as that of a voluntary fast). Then he who wished to fast fasteand he who liked to abandon it abandoned it. (Book#006, Hadith #2501)

(4) 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had ordered observe fast (on 'ashura) before the fasting in Ramadan was made obligatory. But when it became obligatory, thenhe who wished fasted on the day ofashura, and he who wished did not observe it (on that day). (Book#006,Hadith #2502)

(5) 'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Quraish used to observe fast on the day ofashura during tpre-Islamic days. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upog him) then commanded to fast on that day till(fasting) in Ramadan became obligatory. Then the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: He whowished to fast should do so. and he who wished to break it may do so. (Book#006, Hadith #2503)

(6) Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that (the Arabs of) pre-Islamic days used to observefast on the day ofashura and the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed it and the Muslims too(observed it) before fasting in Ramadan became obligatory. But when it became obligatory, the Messenger of Alla(may peace be upon him) said: 'ashura is one of the days of Allah, so he who wished should observe fast and hewho wished otherwise should abandon it. (Book#006, Hadith #2504)

(7) Ibn 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) said that the day of 'ashura was mentioned before the Messenger ofAllah (may peace he upon him). Thereupon the Messenger of Allah, (may peace be upon him) said: That was a daon which the people of pre-Islamic days used to observe fast. So he who amongst you likes to observe fast should dso, and he who does not like it should abandon it. (Book#006, Hadith#2506)

(8) Abdullah b. 'Umar (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (maypeace be upon him) say about the day ofashura: It is a day on which the people of pre-Islamic days observed fastSo he who liked to fast on this day should do so, and he who liked to abandon it should abandon it. 'Abdullah (Allbe pleased with him) did not observe fast except when it coincided (with the days when he was in the habit ofobserving voluntary fasts during every month). (Book#006, Hadith #2507)

(9) Abdullah b. Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that the day of 'ashura was mentioned before theApostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) and he narrated a hadith like one (narrated above). (Book#006, Hadith#2508)

(10) 'Abdullah b. Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported that the day of 'ashura was mentioned before the

Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and he said: It is a day when the people in the pre-Islamic days needto observe fast, so he who wishes to observe fast should do so, and he who wishes to abandon it should do so.(Book#006, Hadith #2509)

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(11) Abd al-Rahman b. Yazid said: When al-Ash'ath b. Qais entered the house of 'Abdullah he was having hisbreakfast. He ('Abdullah b. Umar) said: Abd Muhammad (al-Asha'th), come near to the breakfast. Thereupon hesaid: Is not today the day of 'ashura? He ('Abd al-Rahman) said: Do you know what the day of 'ashura is? He sai

What is it? He said: It is a day on which the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) used to observe fastbefore the (fasting) in the month of Ramadan (became) obligatory. But when it became obligatory the (fasting of'ashura) was abandoned (as compulsory). Abu Kuraib said: He (the Holy Prophet) abandoned it. (Book#006,Hadith #2510)

(12) This hadith has been narrated from Jarir on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of transmitters and hesaid (these words with a little bit of variation from the previous hadith): When (fasting) in Ramadan was (made)obligatory, he abandoned it (the practice of observing fast on ashura). (Book#006, Hadith #2511)

(13) Qais b Sakan reported that al-Ash'ath b. Qais went to 'Abdullah on the day of 'ashura while he was eating. Hesaid: Abu Muhammad, come near and dine. Upon this he said: I am fasting. Thereupon he said: We used to observ

fast and then (this practice) was abandoned. (Book#006, Hadith#2512)

(14) 'Alqama reported that Ash'ath b. Qais went to Ibn Mas'udd while he was eating on the day ofashura.Thereupon he said: Abu Abd al-Rahman, it is the day of 'ashura (and you are eating). Upon this he said: Fast wasobserved on (this day) before the (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, but when it was made obligatory,(fasting on the day of 'ashura) was abandoned. So if you are not fasting, then take food. (Book#006, Hadith#2513)

(15) Jabir b Samura reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) commanded us to observe faston the day ofashura and exhorted us to do it and was particular about it But when (fasting) in Ramadan was madeobligatory, he hence. forth neither commanded us nor forbade us, nor was he so particular about it. (Book#006,Hadith #2514)

(16) Abd al-Rahman reported that he heard Mu'awiya b. Abu Sufyan delivering a sermon in Medina. i. e. when hecame there (for Hajj). He delivered a sermon on the day of 'ashura and said: People of Medina, where are yourscholars? I heard the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) say on this very day: It is the day of 'ashura.Allah has not made fasting on This day obligatory for you but I am fasting. He who likes to observe fast among yoshould do so, and he who likes not to observe it may not observe it. (Book#006, Hadith#2515)

(17) Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that when Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon
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him) came to Medina, he found the Jews observing the fast on the day ofashura. They (the Jews) were asked abouit and they said: It is the day on which Allah granted victory to Moses and (his people) Bani Isra'il over the Pharaoand we observe fast out of gratitude to Him. Upon this the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: We hava closer connection with Moses than you have, and he commanded to observe fast on this day. (Book#006, Hadit#2518)

(18) This hadith has been narrated by Ibn Bishr with the same chain of transmitters (but with a slight variation) thhe (the Holy Prophet) inquired of them (Jews) about it (fasting on the day of 'ashura). (Book#006, Hadith #2519

(19) Ibn'Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon himarrived in Medina and found the Jews observing fast on the day of 'ashura. The Messenger of Allah (may peace bupon him) said to them: What is the (significance) of this day that you observe fast on it? They said: It is the day ogreat (significance) when Allah delivered Moses and his people, and drowned the Pharaoh and his people, andMoses observed fast out of gratitude and we also observe it. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace be uponhim) said: We have more right, and we have a closer connection with Moses than you have; so Allah's Messenger(may peace be upon him) observed fast (on the day of 'ashura), and gave orders that it should be observed. (Book#006, Hadith #2520)

(20) Abu Musa (Allah be pleased with him) reported: The day of 'ashura was one which the Jews respected andthey treated it as Id. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: You also observe fast on this day.(Book#006, Hadith #2522)

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The word "ashura" appear 41 time(s) in 31 hadith(s) in Muslim translation.(21) Abu Musa reported that the people of Khaibar (most of them were Jews) observed fast on tht day of 'ashuraand they treated it as 'Id and gave their women ornaments and beautiful dresstowear. The Messenger of Allah (maypeace be upon him) said: You (only) observe fast on this day. (Book#006, Hadith#2523)

(22) Ibn Abbas was asked about observing of fast on the day ofashura, whereupon he said: I do not know Allah'sMessenger (may peace be upon him) singling out any day's fast and considering it more excellent than another,
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except this day (the day ofashura) and this month, meaning the month of Ramadan. (Book#006, Hadith #2524)

(23) Hakam b. al-'Araj reported: I went to Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be Pleased with both of them) and he was recliningusing his mantle as a pillow near the fountain of Zamzam. I said to him: Tell me about fasting on ashura. He saidWhen you see the new moon of Muharram then count the (days) and observe fast on the 9th. I said to him: Is it hothe Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) observed the fast? He said: Yes. (Book#006, Hadith#2526)

(24) Hakam b. 'Araj reported: I asked Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) as he was reclining using his cloak aa pillow near Zamzam about fasting on 'ashura. The rest of the hadith is the same. (Book#006, Hadith#2527)

(25) Ibn 'Abbas reported that when the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) fasted on the day of 'ashuraand commanded that it should he observed as a fast, they (his Companions) said to him: Messenger of Allah, it is aday which the Jews and Christians hold in high esteem. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (may peace be uponhim) said: When the next year comes, God willing, we would observe fast on the 9th But the Messenger of Allah(may peace be upon him) died before the advent of the next year. (Book#006, Hadith #2528)

(26) Abdullah b 'Abbas reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had said: If I live till the ne

(year), I would definitely observe fast on the 9th, and the narration transmitted by Abu Bakr is:" He meant the dayofashura." (Book#006, Hadith#2529)

(27) Salama b. al-Akwa' (Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon himsent a person of the tribe of Aslam on the day of 'ashura and commanded him to declare to the people to observefast in case they had not observed it, and to complete fast till evening if they had taken food (Book#006, Hadith#2530)

(28) Rubayyi' daughter of Mu'awwidh b. 'Afra' said that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sent (aperson) on the morning ofashura to the villages of Ansar around Medina (with this message): He who got up in thmorning fasting (without eating anything) he should complete his fast, and he who had had his breakfast in the

morning, he should complete the rest of the day (without food). The Companions said; We henceforth observed faon it (on the day of 'ashura) and, God willing, made our children observe that. We went to the mosque and madetoys out of wool for them and when anyone felt hungry and wept for food we gave them these toys till it was thetime to break the fast. (Book#006, Hadith#2531)

(29) Khalid b. Dhakwan reported: I asked Rubayyi' daugther of Mu'awwidh about fasting on the day of 'ashura.Thereupon she said: The Messenger of Allah (may peace he upon him) sent his messenger to the villages of theAnsar, and the rest of the hadith is the same (but with this variation that one of the Companions) said:" We used tomake toys out of wool and took (them to the mosque) along with us. When they (the children) asked us for food, wgave them these toys to play with, and these made them forgetful till they completed their fast." (Book#006, Had#2532)

(30) Abu Qatada reported that a person came to the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) and said: How doyou observe fast? The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) felt annoyed. 1560 When 'Umar (Allah bepleased with him) noticed his annoyance, he said: We are well pleased with Allah as our Lord, with Islam as ourCode of Life, and with Muhammad as our Prophet. We seek refuge with Allah from the anger of Allah and that ofHis Messenger. 'Umar kept on repeating these words till his (the Prophet's) anger calmed down. Then Umar said:Messenger of Allah. what is the position of one who perpetually observes fasts? Thereupon he said: He neitherfasted nor broke it, or he said: He did not fast and he did not break it. He said: What about him who observes fast ftwo days and breaks one day. There- upon he said: Is anyone capable of doing it? He ('Umar) said: What is the
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position of him who observes fast for a day and breaks on the other day? Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said:That is the fast of David (peace be upon him). He ('Umar) said: What about him who observes fast one day andbreaks it for two days. Thereupon he (the Messenger of Allah) said: I wish, I were given strength to observe that.Thereafter he said: The observance of three days' fast every Month and that of Ramadan every year is a perpetualfasting. I seek from Allah that fasting on the day of 'Arafa may atone for the sins of the preceding and the comingyears. and I seek from Allah that fasting on the day ofashura may atone for the sins of the preceding year. (Book#006, Hadith #2602)

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(31) Abu Qatada al-Ansari (Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon

him) was asked about his fasting. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) felt annoyed. Thereupon 'Um(Allah be pleased with him) said: We are pleased with Allah as the Lord, with Islam as our Code of Life, withMuhammad as the Messenger and with our pledge (to you for willing and cheerful submission) as a (sacred)commitment. He was then asked about perpetual fasting, whereupon he said: He neither fasted nor did he break it,he did not fast and he did not break it. He was then asked about fasting for two days and breaking one day. He (theHoly Prophet) said: And who has strength enough to do it? He was asked about fasting for a day and breaking fortwo days, whereupon he said: May Allah bestow upon us strength to do it. He was then asked about fasting for a dand breaking on the other, whereupon he said: That is the fasting of my brother David (peace be upon him). He wathen asked about fasting on Monday, whereupon he said: It was the day on which I was born. on which I wascommissioned with prophethood or revelation was sent to me, (and he further) said: Three days' fasting every monand of the whole of Ramadan every year is a perpetual fast. He was asked about fasting on the day of 'Arafa (9th oDhu'I-Hijja), whereupon he said: It expiates the sins of the preceding year and the coming year. He was asked abou

fasting on the day of 'ashura (10th of Muharram), whereupon be said: It expiates the sins of the preceding year.(Imam Muslim said that in this hadith there is a) narration of Imam Shu'ba that he was asked about fasting onMonday and Thursday, but we (Imam Muslim) did not mention Thursday for we found it as an error (in reporting)(Book#006, Hadith #2603)

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fasting on the day of 'ashura (10th of muharram)

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