faculty of urban & regional planning · lecture 7 dr safaa ghoneim faculty of urban &...

Lecture 7

Dr Safaa Ghoneim

Faculty Of Urban & Regional Planning

Course: Planning Of Environmentally Especial Regions

Environmental management as a cont. process

Lecture 7Dr Safaa Ghoneim

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Lecture 7Dr Safaa Ghoneim 2

الهدف العام للمحاضرة

فهم اسس و مراحل االدارة البيئية كعملية متصلة و دائمة

االهداف التعليمية التي تسهم في تحقيقها المحاضرة

الهدفكود

KU2aةيفهم العمران كظاهرة متعددة األبعاد في المستويات التخطيطية المختلف

IS1ر المنطقيةتنمية القدرة على التحليل والمتابعة والنقد والتقييم ومنهجية التفكي

IS3يتقن مهارة تحديد وتحليل المشكالت التخطيطية والعمرانية

PS9bيتقن ويوظف الخبرات المهنية في مجال التخصص

GS5 يعمل فى فريق و ينمي مهارات العمل الفردي

المحتويات

أسس و مفاهيم االدارة البيئية

التدرج الهرمي لالدارة البيئية

أنواع ومستويات خطط االدارة البيئية

ةمراحل إعداد خطة االدارة البيئية للمناطق ذات الطبيعة الخاص

المرحلة التمهيدية، جمع البيانات، ( 3: 1من )شرح للمراحل

تقييم االوضاع البيئية

Dr Safaa Ghoneim

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Lecture 7

Brian storming

What is environmental management????

Main features of Environmental Management:

• A process, not an event: It does not end with the production of a plan, but continues

• Concerned with the future: (chains of causes and effects likely to result from current decisions).

• It provides a mechanism for thinking about threats & opportunities and other difficult issues, solving problems and promoting discussion between involved parties.

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Main features of EM:

• It is systematic: work through a pre-determined of steps to ensure that decisions are based on knowledge and analysis of the subject and its context

• It takes a ‘holistic’ view. It should be open to include all issues arising within PA, as well as those arising outside its boundaries.

• It is adaptable /never static; it must adjust to changing conditions and goals.

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Principles of EM

• (1) All elements of the environment are linked and inter-related, therefore EM must be integrated

• (2) EM must place people and their needs at the forefront of its concern;

• (3) the participation of all interested and affected parties in EM must be promoted;

• (4) E education, E awareness and the sharing of knowledgeand experience must be promoted

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Principles

• (5) Development must be socially, environmentally and economically sustainable; (3D)

• ( 6 ) Expected negative impact on the environment and on people s environmental rights shall be prevented, or minimized;

• (7) who causes pollution or environmental degradation shall pay the cost of treatment;

• (8) Global and international responsibilities relating to the environment must be discharged in the national interest;

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Typical Hierarchy Of EM

Leg

islation

policies, strategies

Regional plans, broad scale

land-use planning

Management Plans for individual or

groups of areas

Subsidiary/Associated plans and documents

e.g. Sectoral, zoning,

Implementation / monitoring programmes

Management Plan

is a product of the planning process

documenting: the management approach,

the decisions made, the basis for these,

and the guidance for future

management.

Plans could be Associated With The main Environmental Management Plan

• They are lead by/ taking their direction from MP

• varies from country to another & may have overlap between terms:

Operational

plan

Sectoral plan

Zoning plan

Conservation

planSite management

plan

Management Plan

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Zoning plans.

• when different areas or ‘zones’ of a Project area will be managed in different ways.

• They identify the boundaries of the zones and contain detail on how each of the zones is to be managed.

• Zoning plans provide additional definition and help implement the Management Plan, and are sometimes a part of it.

Sectoral plans.

• May be required for different management activities, for example tourism, agriculture and protection.

• These are more detailed than the Management Plan, but lead from it

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Where?

All details For

each sector


Operational plans

(action /work/implementation plan)

• Such plans are particularly necessary for large and/or complex project areas, though most sites should prepare them.

• to present detailedinformation on WHEN& HOW specific management actions will be carried out.

• They have a shorter time scale than the Management Plan, for example as annual work plans.

Conservation plans.

• conservation plan is usually a plan for certain action (such as restoration, conservation.

• Also, when we plan for a heritage or mixed sites where natural and cultural heritage are found together and where integrated is required

• It has long & short (time scale)

• It should explain WHY the site is significant and HOW its cultural significance can best be reserved and protected.

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15

WhenHow ….


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Why??


The ProcessOf Environmental

Management Planning

Environmental Management Process

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Steps Of Environmental Management Planning

1 Pre-planning

2. Data collection

3. Evaluation

4. Integrated assessments

5. Vision & Objectives

6. Options/Alternatives

8. Public consult.

7. Draft MPA Plan

9. final MPA Plan

10. Authoriza.

11. Implemen-tation

12. Moniroring

Review & Update

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1• Pre-planning (e.g. appointment of planning team, scoping of

the task, defining the process)

2• Data collection, background research and initial fieldwork

3• Evaluation of current state and resource of information

4• Integrated assessments: (SWOT) Identification of Strengths,

Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats

5• Developing management Vision & Objectives

6• Developing Options/Alternatives for achieving vision and

objectives, including zoning



7• Preparation of a draft Management Plan

8• Public consultation on the draft Management Plan

9• final Management Plan (submission analysis and reporting on the

results of the consultation process)

10• Approval or endorsement of Management Plan

11• Implementation

12• Monitoring and evaluation

• Decision to review and update Management Plan; accountability

considerations

Steps Of Protected Area Management Planning



1 Pre-planning

• Pre-planning (e.g. appointment of planning team, scoping of the task, defining the process)

2. Data collection

• Data collection, background research and initial fieldwork

3. Evaluation

• Evaluation of data and resource information


• (SWOT) Identification of constraints, opportunities and threats


• Developing management Vision & Objectives

• Developing Options/Alternativesfor achieving vision and objectives, including zoning 6. Options/Alternatives

• Preparation of a draft Management Plan

• Public consultation on the draft Management Plan

• submission analysis and reporting on the results of the consultation process)

• Approval or authorization of Management Plan

• Implementation

• Monitoring and evaluation

8. Public consult.

7. Draft MPA Plan

9. final MPA Plan

10. Authoriza.

11. Implemen-

tation

12. Moniroring

Review & Update


Step 1. Pre-planning phase

a) Clearly identify (what) the purpose & objectives of the Project area from upper levels & ensure that they are understood.

b) Determine (who) are the audiences for the plan. in some situations, traditional owners, local government and commercial operators can also be key users.

c) Identify the steps to be followed in applying the planning process (How). Many organisations have their own ‘manual’ or guidelines on the approach to be followed.


Step 1. Pre-planning phase

d) Identify a ‘planning team’. MPA should be a ‘team effort’, but within this, one person should be given responsibility for production of the plan.

e) Prepare a well-laid out work schedule for the management planning process.

f) Reviewing the legal & InstitutionalFramework


Step 2. Data collection

Planning and management should be informed by reliable data.

2 views about the relationship between (data collection & management objectives):

o management objectives are refined and agreed upon and after the data collection and analysis of.

o Management objectives are set for the area and these determine what data should be collected.



Stages of data collection:

a) Gather available background information (historical data can be invaluable);

b) Carry out a field inventory to check the information (and to acquire additional data if required);

c) Document it in the form of a description of the Project Area.



Area & Location (latitude and longitude)

Main access routes

ownership, occupancy, access, access, other conditions and restrictions

Organizational issues

Relevant legislation

Historical information (land use and landscape history, archaeology,)

Current land use (including forestry, the extraction of other resources (eggravel, sand, fish)

Biological information (communities, flora and fauna)

Physical information (climate, geology, geomorphology, hydrology, soil)

Cultural and aesthetic information (landscape, cultural)

Socio-economic information (basic data and trends among local communities and their dependence on databases.

Recorded history or sorts of environmental sensitivity

checklist of background data

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1. Ecological resources and their condition

2. Cultural resources and their condition

3. Aesthetic aspect

4. Physical facilities (e.g. Roads, buildings, easements, power and water supply)

5. Key features of the socio-economicenvironment

6. Predictions of the future condition of each of the above factors

7. Land uses of surrounding lands and any in-holdings or leases.

checklist of inventory



• Identify gaps in information

• “it is always a mistake to (Don’t) Postpone A Decision until all the information needed is obtained”

• Collate and include only RELEVANT information. The description should not be comprehensive/ detailed.

• Be objective (facts) – do not include ‘value judgement’

• Quantify and qualify the facts to identify the assumptions

• Keep it brief – use maps, references and appendices

• Use local knowledge: Local people frequently know more than so-called experts.

Guidelines onProject Area Description


Step 3. Status Evaluation

The purpose of this step is to identify and understand

why the Project Area important.

The identification

of the key features

or exceptional

values.

a

The development of a neat

statement of significance /Problem

which explains the importance to

society or particular interest groups.

b


Step 3. Evaluating the current stat

Indicators of different studies

Trend analysis

Scenarios of future changes: expected

hazards / environmental deterioration



1 Pre-planning

2. Data collection

3. Evaluation



6. Options/Alternatives

8. Public consult.

7. Draft MPA Plan

9. final MPA Plan

10. Authoriza.

11. Implemen-tation

12. Moniroring

Review & Update


Using the available data:

1) Key features

2) statement of significance /Problem

3) Zones of sensitivity / 3 levels

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Quiz


Applying the three stages on a new project area:

1) Pre-Planning (Purpose from upper level, the legal &Institutional Framework; strategies/wider plans, teamof experts)

2) Data collection (Project Area Description, backgrounddata)

3) Evaluation of current state/Studies (statement ofsignificance; indicators of each study; 1 example oftrend analysis/scenario of change)

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Project


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