experimental simulated soil conditions for temperate...
TRANSCRIPT
Experimental Simulated Soil Conditions for Temperate Crop
Growing inTropical Lowland Areas
Nor Emeylia Binti Md Zain
Ocean Thermal Energy Centre
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur
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Introduction
Tropical lowlands – high temperature & relative humidity
Malaysia records quite high in annual averagetemperature, and average rainfall, high soil temperature (33˚C)
High soil temperature in tropical areas are beyond optimal levelfor high value temperate crops, result to difficulty in their localproduction due to heat stress
Many attempts have been made to adapt the farming of temperatefruits and vegetables to the tropical environments } to reduce theirimportation, make them available throughout the year
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Cultivating temperate crops in lowland area of the tropics ispossible
Solution – to unconventionally condition the planting zone by cooling the soil and maintaining the temperature within the favourable range for the selected temperate crops
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Figure 1: Pipelines of cool deep sea water in Hawaii
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Figure 2: The grape trees planted assisted by cool deep sea water in Hawaii
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Figure 3: Agro produce using deep sea water (chilled water)
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An ongoing research project (PHD level) in which solar thermal chilled water system is invented as the study area is so far from sea.
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• NOBODY has done the study of cooling the soil using chilled water in
Southeast Asia specifically Malaysia
• Evidences:
(Max et al., 2009) –
studies on the effect of greenhouse cooling method on growth, fruit yield and
quality of tomato in tropical climate (Thailand)
(Yaser Suhaimi et al., 2011) –
Studies the effect of temperature gradient generated by fan-pad cooling
system on yield of cabbage using fertigation technique under rain shelter
SOIL TEMPERATURE:
(Hassan and Hussain, 1987) –
analyzed the effect mulch application on soil temperature18 September 2015
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Methodology
• There are three main stages throughout this research:
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Preparation of the chilled
water cooling system for a
soil bed.
Planting the temperate
crops; cherry tomato and
lettuce.
Simulation of similar
temperate climate
temperature profiles for day
and night conditions.
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Stage 1:Preparation of the chilled water cooling system
Chilled water cooling system consists of:
Chiller tank
Piping network
Raised beds
Placed in a greenhouse environment
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18 September 2015Figure 4. Plan View: Schematic representation of Chilled water cooling cycle
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Preparation of raised bed
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Firstly, the 3m×2m square box that connected to the chilled water tank via
piping system had been set up in the specific area
At the first layer, the bed was filled with a thin layer of manure compost
Then, the bed was filled with the soil sample
With chilled water cooling system on the raised bed are ready for sowing
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• Raised bed:
Figure 5. Side View : The raised bed.
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Stage 2: Planting the selected temperate crops* Cherry tomato* Lettuce
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Stage 3: Simulate of similar temperate climate temperature profiles for day & night time
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Conclusion
• The experiment is still ongoing
• Target } to obtain similar condition and result as in Kumejima
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10.0 References
• Yaser Suhaimi, M., Mahamud, S., Mohamad, A. M., Rezuwan, K., Fadhilah Annaim Huda, H.
and Azman, J. (2011). Effect of temperature gradient generated by fan-pad cooling system on
yield of cabbage grown using fertigation technique under side netted rain shelter. Journal of
Tropical Agriculture and Food Science. 39 (1), 001- 009
• Hassan, A. M. and Hussain, R. (1987). Effect of polyethylene mulch on soil temperature
variation under planted greenhouse in aridic region. Solar & Wind Technology. 4(4), 459-465.
• Max, J. F. J., Horst, W. J., Mutwiwa, U. N. and Tantau, H.J. (2009). Effects of greenhouse
cooling method on growth, fruit yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in a
tropical climate. Scientia Horticulturae. 122(2), 179-186.
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THANK YOU
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