executive summary english - mppcbei a for proposed 2 x 70 mw tpp b l a power pvt. ltd., mumbai...

E I A for proposed 2 x 70 MW TPP

B L A Power Pvt. Ltd., MUMBAI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY P - 1

E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y

1.0 INTRODUCTION

M/s. BLA Power Pvt. Ltd. (BLAPPL), Mumbai proposes to set up an independent power plant of 140 MW (Phase I :1 x 70 MW & Phase II: 1 X 70 MW) for decentralized generation of power at Gadarwara, Dist. Narsinhapur, Madhya Pradesh. B L A Industries Private Limited is operating a coal mines at Gotitoria, which is about 30 km form the proposed site for power plant. The coal from this mine will be used as fuel for the proposed Thermal Power Plant.

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Project Site

The proposed plant will be located at village Newari, Tal. Gadarwara, Dist. Narsinhapur in Madhya Pradesh. The 150 Acres of land required for the plant has been already procured by BLA Power Pvt. Ltd.

2.3 Project Features

Plant : Gadarwara Thermal Power Station

Capacity : Phase I :1 x 70 MW & Phase II:1 X 70 MW

Location : at VillageNewari, Tal. Gadarwara, Dist. Narsinhapur, (M.P.)

: Latitude : 220 58’ N Longitude : 780 45’ E

Fuel : Indian Coal (‘F’ Grade– 2800 T/Day) from Gotitoria Mines.

Water : From Narmada River (9100 M3/Day)

Capital Investment : 584 Crore

2.4 Plant Configuration

The following are the primary features of the proposed power plant after careful study of various alternatives.

x Four (4) units of fluidized bed combustion (FBC) boiler of 150 TPH steam at bar 100 (a) pressures and temperature 540 oC at super heater outlet (Two in the Phase 1 and two in Phase 2).

x Two (2) units of steam turbine generator (STG) nominally rated for 70 MWe gross output (each) with three (3) numbers uncontrolled extraction for HP heater, deaerator and LP heater respectively. (1 in the Phase 1 and 1 in Phase 2)

x Coal storage and handling system.



x Two five (5) cell induced draft cooling tower of around 14000m3/hr each installed capacity. (One in the Phase 1 and one in Phase 2)

x A water treatment plant to take care DM water requirement for boiler power cycle make up and soft water make up for cooling tower blow down and evaporation losses etc.

x Pneumatic handling system for both fly ash and bed ash of requisite capacity.

x One (1) RCC chimney each common for two boilers.

x Powerhouse building of 80 m x 30 m size for housing the STG (s), its auxiliaries, switchgears / MCC and plant control equipment / panels for phase 1 and similar size for phase 2

x Raw water reservoir of 24000 m3 capacity, to meet makes up water requirements for the power plant, with space provision to expand the reservoir in future.

x Related power evacuation and hookup systems

2.5 Process Description

In a coal based thermal power station, the heat of combustion is first converted into mechanical and then to electrical energy. The main units of a thermal power plant are steam generator, steam turbine and electrical generator. Steam generator is a combination of heating surfaces in which super-heated steam is generated at high pressure and temperature by utilizing the heat liberated from combustion of fuel. The steam so generated is fed into a turbine, which converts the thermal energy of steam into mechanical energy and drives the generator for producing electricity. Exhaust steam from the turbine is condensed by means of a condenser. Thus, the water evaporated in the boiler is conserved in a closed cycle. To meet the minor water shortfall of the cycle, a small quantity of dematerialized water is continuously fed into the condenser hot well.

2.6 Facility Proposed

It is proposed to install 2 X 70 MW power station using coal as primary fuel. Majorequipment of the power plant are as follows:

x Steam generators and accessories

x Steam turbine generator and auxiliaries

x Ash handling system

x Chimney

x Condenser cooling water system

x Raw water reservoir

x Water treatment system

x Coal handling and transportation

2.7 Basic Requirements

2.7.1 FUEL :

BLA Industries Pvt. Ltd. Is operating a coal mines at Gotitoria, which is about 30 km from the proposed project site. The quality of coal differs for coal seams identified so far. It varies from grade D to grade F. The gross calorific value of the coal ranges between 3700 to 5200 KCal/kg.



2.7.2 Washery Rejects

The CFBC boilers will be designed to burn upto 20% of washery rejects, as washery reject is available in the region at economical rate. Washery reject from Gotitoria mines also can be utilized for the proposed power plant.

2.7.3 Water

It is proposed to meet this requirement from Narmada River, which is 12 km from the project site. The average requirement of raw water (for 2 x 70 MW TPP) is about 9100m3/day. Madhya Pradesh Water Resource Department has agreed for the allocation ofrequired water for the project. The requirement of water for the plant will be for make up water for the condenser cooling water, auxiliary cooling water and make up for feed water system, dust suppression system for coal handling plant and for DM water make up to boiler. In addition, some amount of water will also be required for plant service and drinking purposes.

2.7.4 Land

The area required for accommodating the power plant and coal handling plant is being procured by BLA Power Pvt. Ltd near Newari Village. The land will have adequate space for 2 x 70 MW power plant. The total land requirement for 2 x70 MW power plant is about 150 acres including the main plant area, coal storage and handling area, water reservoir, parking and other administrative area, green belt, plant roads, switch yard and ash dump area.

2.7.5 Power Evacuation

The power from the power plant generated at 11 kV shall be evacuated at 132kVlevel through 8 km long double circuit transmission lines to MPEB (MPTRANSCO) substation atGadarwara..

2.7.6 Auxiliary Power Consumption

The auxiliary consumption for the proposed power plant with Two (2) steam generator of CFBC type and One (1) steam turbine generator in the phase I will be about 11.5% i.e. about 8.05 MW. Thus about 61.95 MW net power will be available.

2.7.7 Ash Disposal

The ash handling system shall be designed considering 100% of ‘F’ grade coal with 45% ash content and 3200 kCal/kg gross calorific value. The daily coal requirement of the power plant (for 2 x 20 MW) considering 100% ‘F’ Grade coal is about 2800 Tonnes. Consideringoperation of plant at 100% MCR with a design ash content of about 45%, about 1250 Tonesof ash will be generated per day which will have to be disposed. Out of this about 80 % will be fly ash and the balance will be bed ash. The bed ash that is collected below the boiler and the fly ash from ESP shall be collected through pneumatic handling system and stored in the respective silos before further distribution to users through bulkers. The planned capacity of the silos are for fly ash (2 X 500 m3) and bed ash ( 1 x 400 m3) for 2 x70 MW. The fly ash and bed ash shall be evacuated only through pneumatic handling system.

With CFBC type of steam generator the amount of carbon carry over in the fly ash isexpected to be below 2 %. Accordingly Various methodologies are being planned and discussed for efficient ash disposal , issuing of fly ash to cement manufacturers, issue of bed ash and conditioned fly ash to farmers in the near by locality and usage of ash for brick manufacturing. The bed ash generated can be used for land filling purpose in the mines being operated by BLAPL.



2.7.8 Stack Emissions

The combustion gases from the power plant would be ducted through an ESP and then discharged through two RCC single/double flue stack of 120 m height by ID fans. The height and diameter of the chimney shall be selected such that chimney shall have a velocity sufficient to avoid any down wash and ensure proper dispersion as well as meeting the minimum height requirement based on sulphur oxides emission and draft requirements.. The operation of the power plant would result in stack emissions into the atmosphere consisting of particulates and gases like Sulphur Dioxide and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx). The concentration of dust (fly ash) in the flue gas at the outlet of stack would be about 50 milligram/Nm3. The CFBC boiler would be provided with an Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) of 98-99% efficiency with suitable number of fields such that even when one of the fields is out of operation it is possible to maintain the dust concentration in the exit gas within permissible limits. Of the stack emissions, the CO content will be negligible and NOX content would be minimal (around 300 ppm) because of CFBC firing system. The fuel coal has a sulphur content of maximum 0.8% and further the SO2 emission will be expected to be around 300 ppm. The ground level concentration of SO2 in ambient air can be maintained within the stipulated limits by adequately sizing the stack height for dispersal of the pollutant to a wider area with less concentration. For the CFBC steam generator the height of the chimney has been calculated on the basis of pollution control board guide lines and a height of 120 metres has been arrived.

2.7.8 Waste Water Aspects

Liquid effluent will be generated from different sources of the plant will undergo necessary treatment and will be reused within the plan premises for gardening as well as Ash Handling areas The rejects from DM plant, Cooling Tower blow down, Boiler blow down, also from softening plant and filtering section are collected in a neutralization pit or HOLDING POND (as referred in water balance diagram), the collected high TDS water (effluent) is then treated with another RO (secondary) and can be used as soft water, the reject from secondary RO can be used for dust suppression, Ash conditioning, Gardening.

2.7.10 Fire Protection System

An elaborate fire protection arrangement is planned for this plant. A multitude of systemwill be provided to combat various types of fire in the different areas of plant.

2.7.11 Ventilation and Air Conditioning System

In order to maintain suitable space conditions as required for personnel comfort as well as equipment protection, properly designed ventilation and air conditioning system shall be provided in various areas of the plant. All air-conditioned space shall be designed for 22°C r�1% and maximum 60% RH indoor condition.

2.7.12 Manpower

The total permanent manpower required at plant during operation stage will be about 200persons. The number of working days in a year will be 365 days with three-shift operationof 8 hours each.

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

The baseline studies for air, water, noise, land, biological and socio-economic were carried out during the period of study. The details of the same are provided in succeeding paragraphs.



3.1 Meteorology

Meteorological condition plays a vital role in the transport & diffusion of air pollutants into the atmosphere. Data of meteorological parameters were collected/ generated during the study period with following objectives:

x To characterize the present meteorological status of the area.

x To generate a database for air quality dispersion modeling.

x To study the temporal changes in the meteorology of the area.

x To collect the onsite data for the meteorological parameters a weather monitoring station was installed at the plant site and it was sited, keeping in mind the recommended principles in this regard. The meteorological data was also collected from IMD, Nagpur.

3.1.1 Temperature

Summers are extremely hot in the area where the temperature goes upto 44-46OC in the month of May. May is the hottest months when the average temperatures are above 38oC. In winter the temperature goes down to 3.2 OC – 6OC and occasionally up to 5OC in the month of January. December and January are the coldest months when the minimum average temperature goes to around 9 OC - 10OC.

3.1.2 Relative Humidity

The relative humidity varies from season to season. The average lowest relative humidity at 8.30 hr and 17.30 are observed around 12% and 7% in the summer season. The average highest relative humidity at 8.30 hr and 17.30 hr are observed around 96% and 94% in the monsoon season. During study period maximum relative humidity was observed around 100% in the month of April and May 2007. The minimum relative humidity was observed in the month of April-May.

3.1.3 Rainfall

Monsoon in the area comes from south-westerly winds. Gadarwara receives maximum rainfall in June to September. The average annual rainfall in 30 years is around 1200 mm. An average rainfall is of 60 days and measuring approximately 40 Inches.

Sr. No. Year Period Rainfall (M.M.)1 1997 15 Jun To 15 Oct 1413.5

2 1998 15 Jun To 15 Oct 854.23 1999 15 Jun To 15 Oct 1770.94 2000 15 Jun To 15 Oct 824.9

3.1.4 Cloud Cover

30 years average data reveals that maximum cloud cover was observed around 7.1 in the month of July and August. Whereas cloud cover was observed around 2 (in oktas) in the month of November, December, January, February and March.

3.1.5 Wind Pattern

Wind pattern reveals that predominant direction of wind is mostly from W, SW and NW

3.2 Air Environment

The baseline studies for air environment covers reconnaissance, identification of specific air pollutants due to the proposed project activity that would significantly impact the



environment and assessing their existing levels in ambient air within the study areasurrounding the project site, prior to the implementation of the project. Keeping in view thenature of the project, it was decided to establish the existing background levels ofSuspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable SPM (RSPM), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), and Carbon Dioxide (CO2). Four air quality-monitoring locations were identified. During study period, the 24 hourly mean concentrations of SPM, RSPM, SO2 and NOx varied between 120-130 ǋJ�Pñ��35-40�ǋJ�Pñ��6.0 -8.0�ǋJ�Pñ�DQG�9.0 -11ǋJ�Pñ�UHVSHFWLYHO\� The results indicate that concentrations of SPM, RSPM, SO2 & NOx are below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards

3.3 Water Environment

To assess the physical, chemical and bacteriological properties of water in the region, 3 surface & 6 Ground water samples were drawn within 10 km radius of the project site.

Physico-chemical Characteristics

3.3.1 Surface Water

Surface Water samples were collected at Narmada River, Shakkar River & Narmada –Shakkar Confluence. The pH observed to be in the range of 7.4 to 7.8 and conductivity varies from 240 to 260 Pmhos/cm. The total dissolved oxygen ranged between 6.8 to 9.3 mg/l. Chloride and Sulphate were observed to be in the range of 28.0 to 48.0 mg/l and from 2.4 to 9 mg/l respectively. The heavy metal contents are found well within the limit

3.3.2 Ground Water

Groundwater samples from 6 different villages in the project area were collected and analyzed. the pH in ground water sample was observed to be in the range 8.0 to 8.2 while conductivity was observed in the range of 242- 252 Pmohs/cm. The value of alkalinity and hardness were observed in the range of 132 – 160 mg/l and 156 to 170 mg/l respectively. Whereas heavy metal was found to be within the limit.

3.4 Noise Environment

The noise problem is said to exist when the sound level in the air causes interference in human activities The health impact of noise on individual depends on several factors, viz. physical dose, frequency spectrum, intermittency. Ambient noise levels were measured at 6 locations around the project site During each time schedule reading were recorded for 10 to 15 minutes and logarithmic average were calculated and the summary of which is reported in following table -

Ambient Noise Level Monitoring Results

Sr. No. Location Noise level in dB (A)

Maximum dB(A) Minimum dB(A)

1. Plant site 34.9 28.5

2. Shokalpur 42.0 28.2

3. Gardha 35.1 28.2

4.. Khurshipar 36.2 29.2

5. Bamhori 34.8 29.2

6. Khiriya 34.9 28.6

7. Poudi 34.6 28.2

Note: Units are in dB(A)



3.5 Land Environment

Soil Characteristics - The existing soil characteristics were assessed by collecting representative samples from 4 villages falling in the block area. Physical characteristics of the soil are delineated through specific parameters. The analysis results of soil sampled during the study period reveals that texture of soil is Black Domat soil, smooth soil, rocky soil, and sandy soils in the study area. pH of the soil quality ranged from 8.24-8.31 indicating that the soil is usually alkaline and neutral in nature. The bulk density of the arearanges from 1.05 to 1.71.

The electrical conductivity was observed to be in the range of 0.45 -0.84 (ms/cm).

3.6 Biological Environment

Baseline data over biological environment of the study area was collected/generated during the study period to study the existing condition of aquatic/ terrestrial flora and fauna. Sampling was carried out at 4 different locations in Narmda River and Shakkar Nadi for studying the aquatic flora and fauna (Phytoplankton and Zooplankton). In the study area Black Domat soil, smooth soil, rocky soil, and sandy soils are there in which wheat, grams and all type of pulses has been mainly produced. Gadarwara is very famous for growing Tuwar (Arhar) pulses. The list of Flora & Fauna found in the study area is as follows:-

Flora Fauna

Madhuca latifolia Mahua Hyaena hyaena Hyaena

Terminalia tomentosa Saj Canis indicus Jackal

Pterocarpus marsupium Bija Otyctoplaguscuniculus Rabbit

Buchanania latifolia Char Rattus rattus Rat

Diospytos melonaxylon Tendu Bus indicus Cow bull

Butea foundosa Palas Psitaiula eupatia Parrot

Dendrocalamus strictus Bamboo Eudynanis livia Pigeon

Mangifera indica Mango Rana tigrina Bul frog

Tamarindus indica Imli Passer domesticus Sparrow

Eugenia Jambolana Jamun Annus species Duck

Ficus religiosa Pipal Naja naja Cobra

Azadiracta indica Neam Bungarus candidus Krait

Tectona grandis Teak Viper russeli Viper

Favus cristiatus Peacock

3.7 Socio-economic Environment

The study of socio-economic component incorporating various facets related toDemographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure resources, health status of thecommunity and economic attributes such as employment and industrial development havebeen incorporated in the socio-economic environment study.



4.0 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures

The impact analysis results and the mitigation measures adopted in the cardinal environmental disciplines are discussed in the following sections.

4.1 Landuse

Land to the tune of 60 hectares would be used for the proposed project, which is already under the possession of the Authority.

4.2 Air Environment

Impact predictions on air environment emission sources can be classified into point and area sources. The baseline studies indicate that the parameters (SO2, Nox, CO2) are much below the stipulated standards in the study area. The emissions from the generators will consist of mainly NOx, CO2, traces of SO2 and suspended particles. Since the existing baseline air parameters are much below the stipulated standards and emissions from various sources are low, no impact anticipated on existing air environment.

4.3 Noise Environment

The construction phase would witness operation of heavy construction and earthmoving machineries which are known to emit sounds with high decibel levels. Careful scheduling of the operation of the high noise machineries is required during this period, particularly at night time so that minimum disturbances are caused. The following mitigation measures to curb noise impacts would be provided in the plant:

x Turbine generators would be provided with acoustic enclosures.

x Silencers would be provided for the air intake system and the exhaust stacks.

x Workers would be provided with protection equipments as helmets, earplugs etc.

x A green belt would be implemented along the plant periphery to dampen noise effects.

4.4 Surface Water Quality

The effluent of the plant would be treated as per guidelines of the statutory authorities. The various water quality parameters of concern are within the threshold limits. As such, it may be concluded that no adverse effects leading to the depletion of growth of the existing aquatic biota are envisaged due to the zero discharges from the project operation. Various effluent treatment measures proposed to be installed in the plant are as follows:

x Cooling towers to cool down the recirculating cooling water.

x Neutralization pit for pH adjustment of the DM plant regeneration waste.

x Oil and Grease separators to arrest oil from different operations.

x Recirculation of ash water in the system.

x Sludge treatment and disposal systems.

4.5 Ground Water Quality

The impact on ground water due to the power plant operations would primarily result due to likely leaching of toxic metals from the ash pond area. The provision of ash pond is made for unforeseen situation i.e. if ash is not collected by the user etc; within time. Ash pond



will be lined with HDPE membrane of 1500 micron thickness (as per prevailing norms of Madhya Pradesh pollution control board).

4.6 Biological Environment

There is no ecologically sensitive area around the project site; hence the impacts on biological environment would be negligible. The impact from proposed project onsurrounding ecology would be negligible.

4.7 Socio-economic Environment

The manpower requirements for proposed project during construction & operation phases will increase the direct & Indirect employment opportunities for local population thus improving their quality of life and also there will be indirect employment opportunities due to the proposed project. The positive impacts also include development of road & Infrastructure, ultimately leading to overall economic development of the area. Negative impacts include Injuries & accidents, health related problems, unavoidable pollution during construction activities, influx of migrant people in the area etc., which will be of a marginal nature. The change in social status almost always causes humility and discontent to the related people. Proper publicity of the beneficial aspects of the project would largely defuse the social discontent.

5.0 Environmental Monitoring Programme

The implementation of mitigation measures and impacts of the project during construction and operation phases should be monitored. The monitoring plan should provide for periodic revision, if necessary, of the measures in the light of the baseline status to indicate progress in project implementation and changing environmental conditions so as to provide a basis for evaluation of project impacts. The environmental monitoring programme shall be as per the conditions stipulated by the CPCB / MPPCB. The monitoring programme shall be devised for air, noise, water, socioeconomic impact and midcourse corrective measurestaken in the process if required. The monitoring programmes shall be implemented through a MoEF/MPPCB approved laboratory.

5.1 Laboratory Facilities

Laboratory is provided with man power and facilities for self monitoring of pollutants generated in the industry and also it effects on the receiving soil, water body and atmosphere.

Air Monitoring:

Ambient air quality monitoring as well as stack monitoring shall be done at pre-identified locations. It shall include monitoring of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (RSPM), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). The locations, frequency and duration of sampling should be determined in consultation with SPCB officials.

Ambient sampling is done At 500, meter from the chimney for SPM & SO2 down Steam direction of wind (twice a year) and at 1000, 2000, and 3000meter from the chimney in Downward and upward direction of wind (twice a year )



5.3 Meteorology

Monitoring of meteorological data (Wind Speed, Wind Direction, Maximum and Minimum Temperature, Relative Humidity and Cloud Cover) at any single representative station location on ambient air monitoring days.

5.4 Noise Monitoring:

A good quality integrated sound level meter shall be used at the project. Monitoring frequency shall be once a month in each location for day and night time and results recorded in reports as dB(A), Leq. Max & Min. Also Noise levels in the work zone environment shall be monitored.

5.5 Water monitoring

5.5.1 Surface Water Sources

Sampling of Narmada river water located within buffer zone of BLA shall be carried out once in 4 months. Three grab samples shall be collected at the rate of one sample each on 3 different days.

5.5.2 Ground Water Sources

Sampling of ground water from 5 existing open-wells located within 5 km buffer zone of BLA shall be carried out once in 3 months.

Analysis of samples collected from effluent, surface and ground water sources shall be carried out for parameters stated in the consent issued by State Pollution Control Board.

5.6 Soil Sampling

Soil samples from the agriculture land utilizing the Fly ash and effluent water for agriculture (once a year)

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The mitigation measures are proposed for during construction and operation phase separately

6.1 EMP During Construction

6.1.1 Clearing of Site

The land of the proposed power plant is more or less flat. Minor leveling would be required during construction before commissioning the earth work., sparse vegetation would be removed. Water will be sprinkled to reduce dust emission due transportation.

6.1.2 Water Quality

As there is no discharge of waste water during construction. The domestic sewage generated will be disposed in septic tank followed by soak pit.



6.1.3 Air Quality

The generation of dust, suspended particulate matter and emission of nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere will increase due to fuel combustion machines and transport vehicles during the construction phase. Land surfacing activity and vehicular movement will lead to increase in the level of dust and NOx in the air. In order to minimize smoke generation, the vehicle should be maintained properly and only PUC certified vehicle

Fugitive dust emission will occur due to construction activity, like handling of material and transportation within the plant premises. Extensive tree plantation will be carried out along the plant boundary to control spread fugitive dust emission.

6.1.4 Noise Quality

Noise produced during construction phase has significant impact on the existing ambient noise levels. The noise levels of the vehicles and machines shall be within prescribed norms by regular maintenance and up keep. It is recommended that high noise generating equipment should not be used. Adequate personal protective equipment like ear plug and ear muff should be provided t the labors.

6.2 EMP during Operation phase

To mitigate problems related to health, safety and environment, an appropriately designed environment management plan is suggested. The EMP involves steps covered specific control measures about reduction in gaseous emission, liquid effluent treatment, noise generation and solid waste disposal.

6.2.1 Air Pollution Control

The only major source of air pollution from the BLA Power plant is emission from stack attached to boilers used for steam generation and subsequently power. However, BLA has chimney of 2.2 m diameter up to 120 m height and the stack height designed on the basis of CPCB guidelines to ensure proper disposal of gas emissions.

It is recommended to undertake following mitigation measures for air pollution control.

x The Air Pollution control equipment like high efficiency Electrostatic Precipitator shall be provided to reduce ground level gaseous emission concentrations.

x SO2 emission will be widely dispersed by providing an adequate stack height of 120meter.

x The proposed plant will have low NOx emission burner.

x Adequate dust suppression/ extraction system at crusher house as well as for the coal stack yard will be provided to abate dust emission.

x Proper ventilation system with bag filter will be provided at coal handling and processing steps to trap the dust particles.

x Water will be sprinkled at dust generation area.

x Ensure that all vehicles used in transportation have PUC Certificate. It is proposed to have an auto exhaust emission monitoring equipment and trained manpower to carry out PUC checks at regular intervals.

x As far as possible all internal roads shall be constructed as tar roads and regular water sprinkling shall be carried out on all the rough roads for preventing fugitive dust emissions.



x Carry out tree plantation to the extent of 30% of area for minimizing environmental impacts of the proposed activities over a period of time. Plantation program shall be designed and a budget should be allocated for this purpose every year. Initially plantation shall be carried out along the boundary wall of the plant and within the colony. Plantation shall be carried out perpendicular to wind direction on the down wind side of BLA to check the flow of dust along with wind. Subsequently plantation activities may be undertaken in remaining area.

x Construction of speed breakers on roads at regular intervals all over the plant area and / or attachment of speed locking system to the accelerators of all vehicles used for maintaining a speed limit of 20 km/h.

x Construction of vehicle parking area having at least brick on edge flooring.

6.2.2 Noise and Vibration Control

Relevant noise emitters at Thermal Power Plant are noise-making equipments such as Compressors, Pumps, Heat exchangers, Boilers, and Turbines, D.G. Sets etc. All the equipments produce continuous noise. Noise level impacts of BLA operations are significant only on the operators of machinery and are negligible within buffer zone. This is because the noise produced by these machinery gets dissipated due to wave divergence, atmospheric absorption and absorption by noise barriers before being even felt in the buffer zone.

The continuous hammering of noise on the ears of the staff working in the factory premises may lead to some health problem, it can be circumvented by having small cabins with polycarbonate sheet or glass partition where in officers can carry out day-to-day work peacefully.

Following measures are proposed for controlling noise level impacts on machinery operators and within core and buffer zone of BLA.

x Proper lubrication and regular maintenance of all the machinery used.

x Development of greenery / barriers / landscaping of trees/ bushes and shrubs.

x Reduced noise exposure to the operators of machinery by work scheduling and by providing ear protective equipment.

x Use rubber packing in the foundations of machineries to prevent noise transmission to the surrounding.

6.2.3 Water Management

6.2.3.1 Rain Water

Rain water for the power plant areas will be collected through a network of drains, which will finally discharge, into the nearby nallahs. Surface drains will be open drains of either RCC rectangular drains or bricklined drains trapezoidal in section. All drains in the power plant area and around Buildings will be opened drains. Storm water drain will be directly lead into the adjoining low lying areas for ultimate discharge into the river.

All roads will be provided with necessary catchment basins wherever required so as to drain the surface storm water effectively as and when it is collected. All RCC works will be concrete grade of M25 minimum.

BLA will have to take due care to water management especially in the heavy soil region. Care should also be taken for proper drainage system. The region has natural slope and the higher region is free from water logging.



From the proposed power plant the sources of waste water generation are the DM plant washings, Boiler Blow Down, and make up for cooling tower. The waste water quality is supposed to match the end use and meet the norms prescribed, which needs careful management of each outlet stream.

The waste water generated from DM plant will be neutralized in a pit by addition of acid or alkali. The neutralization pit will also receive boiler and cooling tower blow down. After neutralization it will be taken to clarifier and sent to Pressurized sand filter and Cartridge filter. Then the best quality water is obtained after passing RO unit. This water can be recycled or used for development green belt and landscape.

The use of water by human being generates sewage which is taken to sewage treatment plant which is operated on Extended Aeration system. The treated sewage will be used for either flushing or green belt.

6.2.3.2 Thermal Pollution

A close circuit cooling water system with cooling towers has been proposed. This eliminates the letting out of high temperature water into the canals and prevents thermal pollution. Blow down form the cooling tower will be trenched out and ultimately conveyed to the effluent ponds. Hence there is no separate pollution on account of blow down form cooling water system

6.2.3.3 Emergency Tank:

Emergency water tank is proposed on the second floor of the each of the furnace building to provide cooling water supply for furnace during power interruptions.

6.2.3.4 Drinking Water:

An overhead 72 Cu.m water tank is provided for feeding drinking water and other services.

6.2.4 Solid Waste

6.2.4.1 Ash Handling System

Two RCC Ash silos, pipe racks and compressor house will be provided for fly ash handlingsystem. Pipe trenches as required will be provided in compressor house.

Scraper chain conveyors, clinker grinders, Belt conveyors and a RCC silo will be provided for bottom ash handling system. All equipment foundations, trestles for belt conveyors will be provided. Both fly ash and bottom ash from silos will be unloaded in trucks and with soil cover and sprinkler system.

6.2.4.2 Fly ash and Bottom ash:

Fly ash collected from the ESP hoppers, air heater hoppers and the ash collected from the bottom of the boiler will be collected by a pneumatic / vacuum ash handling system and stored in day silos. This ash will be sold to cement or brick manufacturers.

Solid wastes from the plant:

Dry Fly ash from HRU & ESP: Will be 750 Tonnes/Day for 2 X 70 MW

Bottom ash from furnace : Will be 500 Tonnes/Day for 2 X 70 MW



6.2.4.3 Fly ash Utilization Plan

The daily coal requirement of the power plant (for 2 x 20 MW) considering 100% ‘F’ Grade coal is about 2800 Tonnes. Considering operation of plant at 100% MCR with a design ash content of about 45%, about 1250 Tones of ash will be generated per day which will have to be disposed. Out of this about 80 % will be fly ash and the balance will be bed ash. The bed ash that is collected below the boiler and the fly ash from ESP shall be collected through pneumatic handling system and stored in the respective silos before further distribution to users through bulkers. The planned capacity of the silos are for fly ash (2 X 500 m3) and bed ash ( 1 x 400 m3) for 2 x70 MW. The fly ash and bed ash shall be evacuated only through pneumatic handling system.

Various methodologies are being planned and discussed for efficient ash disposal , issuing of fly ash to cement manufacturers, issue of bed ash and conditioned fly ash to farmers inthe near by locality and usage of ash for brick manufacturing. The bed ash generated can be used for land filling purpose in the mines being operated by BLAPL.

6.2.5 Fire Protection

The hydrant system will be designed to meet the stipulations laid down by TAC/LPA considering thermal power plants as “ordinary hazard occupancy”.

In addition to hydrants, water monitors will be provided for the coal stockpile area

The f ire alarm & detection system wil l be designed general ly as per TAC’s recommendations. The detector spacing will be as per IS 2189.

6.2.6 Green Belt Development

Trees function as sinks of air pollutants, besides there by bio esthetical values, owing to its large surface area. It will also check soil erosion; make the eco system more complex andfunctionally stable. Thus, implementation of afforestation program is of paramount importance.

Objective:

x To maintain ecological homeo stasis

x To prevent soil erosion and to improve aesthetics of the area

x To control fugitive dust emissions

x The plantation scheme shall broadly cover the following areas:

x Green belt formation around the project site

6.2.6.1 Stabilization of Fly ash with Plants

Ash captured before emission from stack is deposited in pits or even flat grounds. It find its way in air by wind erosion and in water bodies by surface run off, where deposited, the land by itself or on cropland or vegetation is unfit for any primary production process. Ash carried by run off water forms sediments in nearby waterways causing turbildity problems for aquatic plants and reduces water quality. Hence it is essential to cover the ash dumps with plants. List of Grasses, Legumes, and Multipurpose trees suggested for stablization of fly ash



6.2.7 Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational safety and health is very closely related to productivity and good employer employee relationship. The main factors of occupational health in proposed site are fugitive dust and noise. To avoid any adverse affects on the health of workers due to dust, heat, noise sufficient measures have been provided in the proposed project. These include:

x Provision of rest shelters for workers with amenities like drinking water, fans, toilets, etc.

x Provision of personal protection devices to the workers.

x First-aid facilities in the site.

7.0 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Despite all precautions and protective measures, emergencies/accidents like fire, explosion, release of chemicals can occur. Even though such occurrences may be rare and a remote possibility, such accidents have an adverse effect on the plant, property and people working inside the plant. To cope, to manage and contain such “Emergency”, a Risk Analyses exercise has been conducted, based on which a Disaster Management Plan has been constructed.



I N D E X

E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y ....................................................11.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1

2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................... 1

2.1 Project Site............................................................................................. 1

2.3 Project Features...................................................................................... 1

2.4 Plant Configuration .................................................................................. 1

2.5 Process Description.................................................................................. 2

2.6 Facility Proposed .................................................................................... 2

2.7 Basic Requirements ................................................................................. 2

2.7.1 FUEL : ............................................................................................. 2

2.7.2 Washery Rejects............................................................................... 3

2.7.3 Water.............................................................................................. 3

2.7.4 Land ............................................................................................... 3

2.7.5 Power Evacuation.............................................................................. 3

2.7.6 Auxiliary Power Consumption ............................................................. 3

2.7.7 Ash Disposal .................................................................................... 3

2.7.8 Stack Emissions................................................................................ 4

2.7.8 Waste Water Aspects......................................................................... 4

2.7.10 Fire Protection System....................................................................... 4

2.7.11 Ventilation and Air Conditioning System............................................... 4

2.7.12 Manpower........................................................................................ 4

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ..................................................... 4

3.1 Meteorology............................................................................................ 5

3.1.1 Temperature .................................................................................... 5

3.1.2 Relative Humidity.............................................................................. 5

3.1.3 Rainfall ............................................................................................ 5

3.1.4 Cloud Cover ..................................................................................... 5

3.1.5 Wind Pattern.................................................................................... 5

3.2 Air Environment ...................................................................................... 5

3.3 Water Environment.................................................................................. 6

3.3.1 Surface Water .................................................................................. 6

3.3.2 Ground Water................................................................................... 6

3.4 Noise Environment .................................................................................. 6

3.5 Land Environment ................................................................................... 7

3.6 Biological Environment............................................................................. 7

3.7 Socio-economic Environment .................................................................... 7

4.0 Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...................... 8

4.1 Landuse ................................................................................................. 8

4.2 Air Environment ...................................................................................... 8

4.3 Noise Environment .................................................................................. 8



4.4 Surface Water Quality .............................................................................. 8

4.5 Ground Water Quality .............................................................................. 8

4.6 Biological Environment............................................................................. 9

4.7 Socio-economic Environment .................................................................... 9

5.0 Environmental Monitoring Programme......................................................... 9

5.1 Laboratory Facilities................................................................................. 9

Air Monitoring: .................................................................................................. 9

5.3 Meteorology...........................................................................................10

5.4 Noise Monitoring: ...................................................................................10

5.5 Water monitoring ...................................................................................10

5.5.1 Surface Water Sources .....................................................................10

5.5.2 Ground Water Sources......................................................................10

5.6 Soil Sampling.........................................................................................10

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...................................................... 10

6.1 EMP During Construction ....................................................................... 10

6.1.1 Clearing of Site ......................................................................................10

6.1.2 Water Quality.........................................................................................10

6.1.3 Air Quality .............................................................................................11

6.1.4 Noise Quality .........................................................................................11

6.2 EMP during Operation phase.................................................................. 11

6.2.1 Air Pollution Control ................................................................................11

6.2.2 Noise and Vibration Control .....................................................................12

6.2.3 Water Management ................................................................................12

6.2.3.1 Rain Water......................................................................................12

6.2.3.2 Thermal Pollution.............................................................................13

6.2.3.3 Emergency Tank:.............................................................................13

6.2.3.4 Drinking Water:...............................................................................13

6.2.4 Solid Waste ...........................................................................................13

6.2.4.1 Ash Handling System .......................................................................13

6.2.4.2 Fly ash and Bottom ash: ...................................................................13

6.2.4.3 Fly ash Utilization Plan......................................................................14

6.2.5 Fire Protection........................................................................................14

6.2.6 Green Belt Development..........................................................................14

6.2.6.1 Stabilization of Fly ash with Plants .....................................................14

6.2.7 Occupational Safety and Health................................................................15

7.0 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN........................ 15

executive summary english - mppcbei a for proposed 2 x 70 mw tpp b l a power pvt. ltd., mumbai...

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